Zheng-Yu Su, Wei-Liang Yu, Zhi-Wei Yan, Duo-Duo Ding, Chang-Chang Fang, Qing-Lu Luo, Xiao Liu, Lian-Zhong Cao
{"title":"Comparison of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiopulmonary function, cardiac autonomic function and vascular function in adolescent boys with obesity: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Zheng-Yu Su, Wei-Liang Yu, Zhi-Wei Yan, Duo-Duo Ding, Chang-Chang Fang, Qing-Lu Luo, Xiao Liu, Lian-Zhong Cao","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent obesity can impair cardiopulmonary function, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago-sympathetic balance. While moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) benefits cardiovascular health in obese adolescents, the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) are less understood. We hypothesize that HIIT may be more effective than MICT in improving VO<sub>2</sub>peak, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago-sympathetic balance in obese adolescent boys. Forty four participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT (10 × 1-min at 85%-95% peak HR, intersperse with 2-min active recovery at 60%-70% peak HR) or MICT (35 min at 65%-75% peak HR) for an 8-week program. The primary outcome measured was the change in VO<sub>2peak</sub> with secondary outcomes including brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and heart rate variability (HRV). Forty four adolescent boys with obesity (age, 14 ± 1 years old, body mass index, 31.6 ± 1.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were enrolled and 43 (97.73%) completed the 8-week exercise. No significant difference of VO<sub>2peak</sub> was found between the HIIT and MICT group (p = 0.243). There was no significant difference of baPWV between the groups (p = 0.789). Change in FMD% was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (p < 0.001). The Change in HRV-high frequency (HRV-HF; p = 0.009) and HRV-low frequency/high frequency (HRV-LF/HF; p = 0.035) was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group. Among adolescent boys with obesity, 8-week HIIT and MICT had similar effects on improving VO<sub>2peak</sub>. HIIT may be superior to MICT to improve endothelial function and vago-sympathetic balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nile F Banks, Alexander C Berry, Emily M Rogers, Nathaniel D M Jenkins
{"title":"Flywheel resistance training promotes unique muscle architectural and performance-related adaptations in young adults.","authors":"Nile F Banks, Alexander C Berry, Emily M Rogers, Nathaniel D M Jenkins","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to examine the skeletal muscle hypertrophic, architectural, and performance-related adaptations in response to volume-matched, total-body flywheel versus traditional resistance training in a randomized, non-exercise controlled study in physically active young adults. Thirty-one healthy young adults (24 ± 3 y) were randomized to 10 weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT; n = 7F/5M), flywheel training (FWRT; n = 7F/4M), or a habitual activity control (CON; n = 5F/3M). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), one repetition-maximum (1RM) for the free weight squat and bench press, three repetition work maximum (3W<sub>max</sub>) for the flywheel squat and bench press, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance, as well as site-specific muscle hypertrophy, fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle, were measured. Both TRT and FWRT increased MVIT (p ≤ 0.021) and FFM (p ≤ 0.032) compared to CON. However, TRT promoted superior improvements in free weight squat and bench 1RM (p < 0.001), and FWRT improved flywheel 3W<sub>max</sub> squat and bench (p < 0.001). FWRT increased the FL and cross-sectional area of the distal VL, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance (p ≤ 0.048), whereas TRT increased the pennation angle and cross-sectional area of the proximal VL. Therefore, 10 weeks of volume-matched, total-body traditional, and flywheel resistance training similarly increased maximal isometric strength and fat-free mass. However, FWRT promoted unique skeletal muscle architectural adaptations that likely contributed to region-specific VL hypertrophy and jump performance improvements. Thus, FWRT provides a novel training stimulus that promotes architectural adaptations that support improved athletic performance in a manner that is not provided by traditional resistance exercise training.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle M Salmon, Marelise Badenhorst, Sierra Keung, Zachary Yukio Kerr, Johna K Register-Mihalik, Janelle Romanchuk, S John Sullivan, Christina Sutherland, Chris Whatman, Simon R Walters
{"title":"Utilisation of New Zealand Rugby's concussion management pathway: A mixed methods investigation.","authors":"Danielle M Salmon, Marelise Badenhorst, Sierra Keung, Zachary Yukio Kerr, Johna K Register-Mihalik, Janelle Romanchuk, S John Sullivan, Christina Sutherland, Chris Whatman, Simon R Walters","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concerns around concussion highlight the need for strategies to improve the implementation and translation of concussion guidelines in community sports. This study assessed players' utilisation and compliance with New Zealand Rugby's Concussion Management Pathway (CMP). This pragmatic, mixed methods study comprised of concussion injury surveillance and mapping of players' healthcare touchpoints through the CMP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand stakeholders' experiences. Over the season, 27 different healthcare pathways were identified with 28% of players progressing through all phases of the CMP (ideal pathway). Of the 206 suspected concussions reported over the season, 70% were logged in the CMP phone App, and 89% of these had an associated valid baseline concussion assessment. Prior to returning to contact training, 64% of players obtained a medical clearance. One theme, 'belief in the value of pathway' was identified as a facilitator across all CMP components. Themes such as 'concussion knowledge and the nature of concussion'; 'communication between stakeholders and sufficient information on the process'; and 'strong relationships and clarity around responsibilities' were identified as facilitators across several pathway components. Other facilitators included 'ease and timing of general practitioner access'; 'the phone App as facilitator to logging'; and 'spotting for concussion as a team'. Additionally, the findings signify baseline testing as a potential pre-cursor to overall CMP compliance. Strategies that support the facilitators identified in this study may further enhance compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alan M Nevill, Grace W M Walters, Karah J Dring, Benjamin A Nevill, Simon B Cooper, John G Morris
{"title":"Changes in the ideal body shape associated with adolescent rowing-ergometry performance following a 6-week training intervention: New scaling insights using three-dimensional allometry.","authors":"Alan M Nevill, Grace W M Walters, Karah J Dring, Benjamin A Nevill, Simon B Cooper, John G Morris","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scaling, to remove the effects of body size, is an important methodological approach for enabling an equitable comparison of performance differences between individuals who vary in anthropometric characteristics. Many previous studies using scaling in sport have done so based on only one or two anthropometric characteristics, with only one study to date adopting a three-dimensional approach. To apply a three-dimensional allometric model to rowing ergometer performance (REP) in adolescents, and to detect whether key 'scaling' parameters remain stable when scaling REP both before and after a 6-week training intervention. Novel three-dimensional allometric models were used, incorporating body mass, stature and waist circumference (WC) to detect the most appropriate body size dimension(s) and scaling parameters associated with REP before and after a 6-week training intervention. Using this more flexible and sensitive three-dimensional allometry demonstrated that, following 6-weeks of training, there was a change in the ideal body shape associated with REP. Before training, taller, but not heavier, adolescents performed better. After 6-weeks of training, older participants with a greater body mass but smaller WC performed better. Scaling approaches are important for evaluating performance differences between individuals of differing body size. The findings from the current study (using a novel three-dimensional allometry approach) emphasise that relatively subtle changes in individuals' behavioural characteristics, such as changes in their training/fitness status, can result in quite dramatic changes in the body dimension characteristics and scaling parameters deemed to be key for performance in activities such as REP.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Antonio Benítez-Muñoz, Isabel Guisado-Cuadrado, Miguel Ángel Rojo-Tirado, María Alcocer-Ayuga, Nuria Romero-Parra, Ana Belén Peinado, Rocío Cupeiro
{"title":"Changes in lactate concentration are accompanied by opposite changes in the pattern of fat oxidation: Dose–response relationship","authors":"José Antonio Benítez-Muñoz, Isabel Guisado-Cuadrado, Miguel Ángel Rojo-Tirado, María Alcocer-Ayuga, Nuria Romero-Parra, Ana Belén Peinado, Rocío Cupeiro","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is unknown whether changes in lactate concentration produced by different situations (e.g., glycogen depletion or heat) modify fat oxidation. If confirmed, we could determine a dose–response relationship between lactate and fat. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in lactate concentration (due to glycogen depletion or heat) alter fat oxidation during exercise. 11 males and eight females performed an incremental exercise test under three situations: control, glycogen depletion, and heat. At rest, in the last minute of each step and immediately post-exhaustion, lactate was analyzed and fat oxidation was estimated by indirect calorimetry. Lactate concentration was inversely associated with fat oxidation in the three aforementioned situations (<i>r</i> > 0.88 and <i>p</i> < 0.05). The highest lactate concentration was found in the heat situation, followed by the control situation, and finally the glycogen depletion situation (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). The opposite was found for fat oxidation, with the highest fat oxidation found in the glycogen depletion situation, followed by the control situation, and finally the heat situation (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). There is no association between the changes in lactate concentration between situations at each intensity and the changes in fat oxidation between situations at each intensity in males or females (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In conclusion, lactatemia is strongly and inversely associated with fat oxidation under the three different situations. Furthermore, the lowest lactate concentrations were accompanied by the highest fat oxidations in the glycogen depletion situation, whereas the highest lactate concentrations were accompanied by the lowest fat oxidations in the heat situation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin W. C. Jerome, Michael Stoeckl, Ben Mackriell, Christian W. Dawson, Daniel T. P. Fong, Jonathan P. Folland
{"title":"Contextualised physical metrics: The physical demands vary with phase of play during elite soccer match play","authors":"Benjamin W. C. Jerome, Michael Stoeckl, Ben Mackriell, Christian W. Dawson, Daniel T. P. Fong, Jonathan P. Folland","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12209","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The physical demands of elite soccer match play have traditionally been measured using aggregated whole-match metrics. However, match play is increasingly considered as distinct phases of play, although the influence of phase of play on match physical demands remains largely unknown. This study compared physical intensity, acceleration and deceleration demands, between phases of play and according to playing position. The duration of each match from a major European league (<i>n</i> = 1083) was divided into one of five reciprocal phases (for the in-/out-of-possession team) using event and tracking data: build-up/high-block, progression/mid-block, chance creation/low-block, fast attack/fast defence, or attacking transition/defensive transition. Player tracking data were used to calculate physical intensity as the rate of distance covered (m⋅min<sup>−1</sup>) in total and within five speed categories, and the proportion of time spent accelerating and decelerating (>2 m s<sup>−2</sup>) during each phase of play. Rate of distance covered in total differed markedly with phase of play; fast attack 35%–53% greater, and fast defence 33%–50% greater, than other in-/out-of-possession phases respectively, and these effects were amplified for the rate of distance covered at higher speeds (e.g., sprinting ≥4-fold differences between phases). Match phase also affected the proportion of time spent accelerating and decelerating (highest for fast attack and chance creation, respectively), especially when in-possession for forwards and when out-of-possession for defenders (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Phase of play had a large effect on the physical intensity of match play, particularly rates of distance covered at higher speeds, as well as the acceleration and deceleration demands, and in a position specific manner.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mental health matters: Evaluating the preparedness of sport psychologists to incorporate within their role","authors":"Stacy Winter, Dave Collins","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12205","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mental health has become increasingly important for the applied sport psychologist, a factor which may include screening, promoting literacy, individual support, and educational programs. However, despite of this importance, few checks have been made on the perceived preparedness of sport psychologists to undertake this work and whether differences may exist between those recently qualified compared to experienced practitioners. Underpinned by the theoretical domains framework, 62 Health and Care Professions Council registered practitioner sport and exercise psychologists (30 females: age: <i>M</i> = 46.13 years and SD = 10.44 years and 32 males: age: <i>M</i> = 43.25 years and SD = 10.47 years) completed an online survey to assess whether they felt equipped to address the mental health dimension of their work. The survey comprised three sections: Demographic and background information, a series of statements (<i>n</i> = 31) adapted from the determinants of implementation behavior questionnaire, and three questions with space for free text comments, inviting participants to explain their level of preparedness to incorporate and deliver mental health interventions. A 6 × 12 analyses of variance yielded significant differences between domain ratings but not across levels of experience or interactions. Data from free text comments were analyzed thematically and categorized into the following three themes: (a) complementing the performance role, (b) awareness of professional boundaries, and (c) importance of further continued professional development. Combined, although practitioners emphasized importance, preparedness ratings ranged from neutral to somewhat agree, calling for further specific sport psychology-based mental health training.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scarlett Moloney, Jane M Black, Valerie Gladwell, Nic Bury, Gavin Devereux
{"title":"Attitudes towards air quality during outdoor exercise amongst habitual exercisers","authors":"Scarlett Moloney, Jane M Black, Valerie Gladwell, Nic Bury, Gavin Devereux","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12194","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12194","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of air pollution on health outcomes are well-established. However, little is known about perceptions of air pollution and how it may influence exercise behaviours. The aim of this study was to understand the perceived importance of air pollution during planned exercise, and where relevant, explore how those perceptions may differ between those living in different locations. A questionnaire was disseminated to several running and cycling clubs in the United Kingdom, covering population characteristics to determine urban, rural or coastal residents and exercisers, self-reported asthma, perceptions of air quality during active travel, planned exercise and attitudes towards learning more about the topic. Anonymised responses were gained from 381 adult participants (≥18 years and 60% female), 119 of whom answered questions related to active travel. More than half (54%) of all respondents think about the air quality they are exposed to during exercise and how it may affect their health. More urban than rural respondents (59% vs. 47% and <i>p</i> = 0.03) think about air quality and the impact it may have on their health when exercising. There were insufficient coastal respondents for direct comparison. Most survey respondents (57%) state that they would take the most severe course of action regarding exercise behaviour by avoiding it altogether during periods of heavy road traffic. Individuals with self-reported asthma (<i>n</i> = 60), irrespective of place of residence, are the most likely to be conscious of the potential effects of air pollution on their health and exercise performance compared to counterparts without self-reported asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomas Urianstad, Håvard Hamarsland, Ingvill Odden, Håvard Crantz Lorentzen, Daniel Hammarström, Knut Sindre Mølmen, Bent R. Rønnestad
{"title":"The higher oxygen consumption during multiple short intervals is sex-independent and not influenced by skeletal muscle characteristics in well-trained cyclists","authors":"Tomas Urianstad, Håvard Hamarsland, Ingvill Odden, Håvard Crantz Lorentzen, Daniel Hammarström, Knut Sindre Mølmen, Bent R. Rønnestad","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12214","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12214","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It has been suggested that time spent at a high fraction of maximal oxygen consumption (%<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub>) plays a decisive role for adaptations to interval training. However, previous studies examining how interval sessions should be designed to achieve a high %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> have exclusively been performed in males. The present study compared the %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> attained during three different 6 × 8 min interval protocols, in female (<i>n</i> = 11; <span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub>, 62.5 (6.4) mL · min<sup>−1</sup>·kg<sup>−1</sup>) and male (<i>n</i> = 8; <span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub>, 81.0 (5.2) mL · min<sup>−1</sup>·kg<sup>−1</sup>) cyclists. Mean power output during work intervals were identical across the three interval protocols, corresponding to the cyclist's 40 min maximal effort (PO<sub>40min</sub>): (1) 30 s intervals at 118% of PO<sub>40min</sub> interspersed with 15 s active recovery at 60% (30/15), (2) constant pace at 100% of PO<sub>40min</sub> (CON), and (3) altering between 60 s intervals at 110% and 60 s at 90% of PO<sub>40min</sub> (60/60). Additionally, the study explored whether the <i>m. vastus lateralis</i> characteristics of the cyclists (fiber type proportion, capillarization, and citrate synthase activity) were associated with the %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> attained during the interval sessions. Overall, mean %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> and time ≥90% of <span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> were higher during 30/15 compared to CON (86.7 (10.1)% and 1123 (787) s versus 85.0 (10.4)% and 879 (779) s, respectively; both <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) and 60/60 (85.6 (10.0)% and 917 (745) s, respectively; both <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), while no difference was observed between 60/60 and CON (both <i>p</i> ≥ 0.36). During interval sessions, %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> and time ≥90% of <span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> did not differ between sexes. Skeletal muscle characteristics were not related to %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> during interval sessions. In conclusion, well-trained cyclists demonstrate highest %<span></span><math></math>O<sub>2max</sub> during 30/15, irrespective of sex and skeletal muscle characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shannon Connolly, Peter Peeling, Martyn J. Binnie, Paul S. R. Goods, Wouter P. Timmerman, Toni Haddad, Chris R. Abbiss
{"title":"Change in sprint cycling torque is not associated with change in isometric force following six weeks of sprint cycling and resistance training in strength-trained novice cyclists","authors":"Shannon Connolly, Peter Peeling, Martyn J. Binnie, Paul S. R. Goods, Wouter P. Timmerman, Toni Haddad, Chris R. Abbiss","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12203","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strong relationships exist between sprint cycling torque and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) force production at one timepoint; however, the relationships between the changes in these measures following a training period are not well understood. Accordingly, this study examined the relationships in the changes of sprint cycling torque and IMTP force following six-weeks of sprint cycling and resistance training performed by strength-trained novice cyclists (<i>n</i> = 14). Cycling power, cadence, torque and IMTP force (Peak force [PF]/torque, average and peak rate of force/torque development [RFD/RTD], and RFD/RTD from 0 to 100 ms and 0–200 ms) were assessed before and after training. Training consisted of three resistance and three sprint cycling sessions per week. Training resulted in improvements in IMTP PF (13.1%) and RFD measures (23.7%–32.5%), cycling absolute (10.7%) and relative (10.5%) peak power, peak torque (11.7%) and RTD measures (27.9%–56.7%). Strong-to-very strong relationships were observed between cycling torque and IMTP force measures pre- (<i>r</i> = 0.57–0.84; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and post-training (<i>r</i> = 0.63–0.87; <i>p</i> < 0.05), but no relationship (<i>p</i> > 0.05) existed between training-induced changes in cycling torque and IMTP force. Divergent training-induced changes in sprint cycling torque and IMTP force indicate that these measures assess distinct neuromuscular attributes. Training-induced changes in IMTP force are not indicative of training-induced changes in sprint cycling torque.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}