European journal of sport science最新文献

{"title":"Women's rugby as a catalyst for advancing female-specific science and safety in sport","authors":"Zoe L. Saynor,&nbsp;Amal Hassan,&nbsp;Fiona Wilson","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women's rugby is experiencing unprecedented growth and professionalisation, yet the research underpinning player welfare and performance remains significantly underdeveloped. This special issue of the <i>European Journal of Sport Science</i> addresses the critical need for evidence-based practices tailored to female rugby players. Current literature is predominantly male-focused, despite known sex differences impacting training, injury mechanisms and health outcomes. In particular, the underrepresentation of female-specific studies presents risks to player safety and performance optimisation. This issue presents cutting-edge research, from world-leading interdisciplinary experts and applied practitioners, on three main themes: female-specific injury and illness surveillance and education, tackle safety and performance, and intersectional research agendas. Contributions include insights into female-specific health domains, such as breast and pelvic floor health, emphasising the need for tailored care pathways and interventions. Additionally, the importance of gender-responsive coaching and tackle skill acquisition is highlighted, advocating for progressive, context-specific training frameworks. Moreover, an intersectional approach to research is proposed, to address the broader social and material contexts affecting marginalised women and girls in rugby. These findings aim to drive interdisciplinary, inclusive research, ensuring that the professionalisation of women's rugby is matched by advancements in scientific understanding and applied practice. This special issue not only celebrates the progress made, but also calls for ongoing efforts to bridge the knowledge gap, ensuring holistic support for female rugby players from participation, through to retirement and beyond.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1683-1687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of cryostimulation exposure on sleep and recovery in male athletes: Timing considerations","authors":"Coralie Arc-Chagnaud,&nbsp;Benoit Dugué,&nbsp;Romain Bouzigon,&nbsp;Robin Pla,&nbsp;Laurent Bosquet,&nbsp;D-day Consortium,&nbsp;Olivier Dupuy","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objectives of the study were (i) to evaluate the effects of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) after training as an effective tool to improve sleep and recovery and (ii) to determine which exposure schedule for WBC (immediately after training vs. 1h before bedtime) is the most appropriate to improve sleep and recovery. Twenty-two well-trained male athletes or triathletes (23.1 ± 3.5-years) were recruited in this controlled crossover protocol. Each participant completed the three experimental sessions, each composed of a running training session and one night of sleep analysis. Depending on the experimental condition, subjects were exposed—or not (CONT)—to WBC immediately after training (CRYO 7 p.m.) or 1h before going to bed (CRYO 10 p.m.). All participants were randomly assigned to each condition, spaced seven days apart. Sleep was monitored via actimetry, cerebral activity recordings, heart rate variability, body core temperature, and perceptual measurements. WBC after training did not modify subjective or objective sleep parameters compared to the control condition. However, WBC significantly improved cardiac parasympathetic activity. More specifically, it was more activated during the night following the CRYO 10 p.m. condition than in the other experimental conditions. Core body temperature (CBT) 1h after bedtime was the lowest in the CRYO 10 p.m. condition. This study confirmed the effectiveness of WBC as a recovery technique after intense evening training. We suggest that WBC may exhibit the most significant benefit on recovery if the session is performed 1h before bedtime, acting on subsequent parasympathetic activation and CBT drop.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1788-1797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and social factors associated with mental health of European dual career athletes: A systematic review","authors":"Esa P. Aalto,&nbsp;Joan Pons,&nbsp;Saul Alcaraz,&nbsp;Rocío Zamora-Solé,&nbsp;Yago Ramis","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12218","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dual careers (DCs) are challenging trajectories followed by athletes willing to develop their academic/professional career with their athletic careers. These trajectories usually entail additional stressors, which can decrease athletes' mental health or even increase their risk of mental ill-health. While existing research has recognized the importance of psychological and social factors in both of these areas separately, we lack systematic knowledge on which factors are associated with European DC athlete mental health outcomes, making evidence-based practice more challenging. In this regard, to advance the European DC tradition and to provide a strong base for researchers and practitioners working within this field, this systematic review aims to appraise this evidence identifying and categorizing the psychological and social factors associated with the European DC athletes' mental health. We conducted this review according to Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines and performed the systematic search in six databases, finding 56 eligible articles. Our analysis identified 35 different psychological and social factors, most showing significant associations with athletes' mental health. Notably, affect, stress, motivational climate, mindfulness, resilience, perfectionism, goal orientation, motivation, and basic psychological need satisfaction showed the strongest evidence associated with mental health. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive synthesis of psychological and social factors, advancing the holistic ecological approach in dual careers and athlete mental health. Yet, our results highlight the need to strengthen the evidence regarding these factors and provide specific research avenues, such as focus on DC-specific factors and consideration of DC athlete definition and career trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1844-1864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case study of a world hour record simulation in an elite cyclist: Insight into task failure","authors":"Mehdi Kordi,&nbsp;Dan Bigham,&nbsp;Jacob Tipper,&nbsp;Richard A. Ferguson,&nbsp;Glyn Howatson,&nbsp;Jonathan Wale","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ‘cycling hour-record’ is one of the most prestigious events in cycling. However, little detailed analysis of such attempts is available. In preparation for a successful cycling hour-record attempt, an elite cyclist performed a full-hour simulation to provide insights into performance, physiological, aerodynamic and biomechanical limitations that could be identified in the preparation for a subsequent official attempt. Performance (speed, lap time, power and cadence), physiological (heart rate and estimated body temperature), aerodynamic (C_DA, helmet angle, rotation and rock) and biomechanical (helmet, thigh and foot position changes) measurements were made throughout the attempt, in which an even-pacing strategy was employed where the point of task failure was defined as the lap which the rider could no longer perform at the targeted lap split (16.6 s) or quicker. The cyclist did not achieve the target distance (54,000 m) during the simulation. The final distance achieved for the hour was 53,250 m. Task failure occurred at 38 min and 33 s (lap 139/34,750 m) into the simulation. Notably, there was a decrease in power output, accompanied with an increase in the estimated body temperature, changes in pedalling kinematics and an increase in aerodynamic drag. The reduction in performance (leading to task failure) during a cycling hour record simulation is underpinned by a decrease in power output as well as an increase in aerodynamic drag due to biomechanical changes in the cycling technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1779-1787"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of plyometric versus resistance training on running economy and 5-km running time in middle-aged recreational runners","authors":"Yuuri Eihara,&nbsp;Kenji Takao,&nbsp;Takashi Sugiyama,&nbsp;Sumiaki Maeo,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kanehisa,&nbsp;Tadao Isaka","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12197","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of plyometric training (PT) versus resistance training (RT) on running economy and performance are unclear, especially in middle-aged recreational runners. We examined (1) the efficacy of PT versus RT on running economy and performance in middle-aged recreational runners and (2) the relationships between the main training outcomes. Twenty middle-aged recreational runners were randomly allocated to a PT or RT group (<i>n</i> = 10/group). Training was conducted twice/week for 10 weeks combined with daily running. PT included the countermovement jump (CMJ), rebound jump, hurdle hop, and drop jump. RT consisted of leg press, leg curl, and calf raise with 50%–90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Before and after the intervention, 1RM of the three lifting tasks, CMJ and drop jump performances, oxygen cost at 8–12 km/h, and 5 km running time were assessed. PT enhanced 1RM of leg curl only (8.5% and <i>p</i> = 0.007), whereas RT increased 1RM of the three lifting tasks (19.0%–21.1% and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Both groups improved CMJ height (6.4%–8.3% and <i>p</i> = 0.016) and drop jump performance (height: 9.7%–19.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.005, height/contact time: 11.4%–26.3% and <i>p</i> = 0.009) and oxygen cost regardless of running velocity (2.0% and <i>p</i> = 0.001) without significant group differences. However, neither group changed the 5-km running time (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.259). A significant correlation was found between the changes in calf raise 1RM and oxygen cost (<i>r</i> = −0.477 and <i>p</i> = 0.046) but not between the other measured variables. These results suggest that for middle-aged recreational runners, PT and RT can similarly improve running economy albeit not necessarily the 5-km running time, and enhancing plantarflexion strength may particularly contribute to improving running economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1820-1829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of concentric and eccentric exercise regimens on bioenergetic efficiency of lymphocytes in sedentary males","authors":"Sheng-Chiao Peng,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Lin,&nbsp;Chih-Chin Hsu,&nbsp;Tieh-Cheng Fu,&nbsp;Jong-Shyan Wang","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12221","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eccentric exercise training (EET) increases physical performance while having lower metabolic demand than concentric exercise training (CET). Whether EET influences bioenergetic efficiency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of EET and CET on PBMC phenotypes and mitochondrial functions in blood. Thirty three sedentary healthy males were randomly assigned to either EET (<i>n</i> = 11) or CET (<i>n</i> = 11) that performed at progressively increased from 60% to 80% of maximal absolute workload for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks, or a control group (<i>n</i> = 11) that did not receive any exercise intervention. A graded exercise stress test (GXT) was performed before and after the intervention. PBMC phenotypes and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were analyzed using flowcytometry and high-resolution respirometry, respectively. In the same absolute workload, EET elicited lower heart rate and rating of perceived exertion than CET. However, EET as CET increased the VO₂ level at the ventilatory threshold. Notably, both EET and CET increased central memory (CD45RO⁺/CD62⁺/CD3⁺) T cells and decreased effector memory T cells reexpressing CD45RA (CD45RA⁺/CD62^-/CD3⁺). Moreover, the two exercise regimens diminished the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) caused by GXT, increased maximal/reserve O₂ consumption rates (OCR), and bioenergetic health index in intact PBMCs and enhanced complex I-/II-related OCR in PBMCs with a substrate-rich environment. EET improves aerobic fitness with a lower cardiovascular response to exercise than CET. Moreover, EET as CET reduces senescent T-cell distribution in blood and improves PBMC bioenergetic efficiency by stabilizing ΔΨm and increasing capacity of oxidative phosphorylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1830-1843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiopulmonary function, cardiac autonomic function and vascular function in adolescent boys with obesity: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Zheng-yu Su,&nbsp;Wei-liang Yu,&nbsp;Zhi-wei Yan,&nbsp;Duo-duo Ding,&nbsp;Chang-chang Fang,&nbsp;Qing-lu Luo,&nbsp;Xiao Liu,&nbsp;Lian-Zhong Cao","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12207","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent obesity can impair cardiopulmonary function, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago-sympathetic balance. While moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) benefits cardiovascular health in obese adolescents, the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) are less understood. We hypothesize that HIIT may be more effective than MICT in improving VO₂peak, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vago-sympathetic balance in obese adolescent boys. Forty four participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT (10 × 1-min at 85%–95% peak HR, intersperse with 2-min active recovery at 60%–70% peak HR) or MICT (35 min at 65%–75% peak HR) for an 8-week program. The primary outcome measured was the change in VO_2peak with secondary outcomes including brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and heart rate variability (HRV). Forty four adolescent boys with obesity (age, 14 ± 1 years old, body mass index, 31.6 ± 1.3 kg/m²) were enrolled and 43 (97.73%) completed the 8-week exercise. No significant difference of VO_2peak was found between the HIIT and MICT group (<i>p</i> = 0.243). There was no significant difference of baPWV between the groups (<i>p</i> = 0.789). Change in FMD% was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The Change in HRV-high frequency (HRV-HF; <i>p</i> = 0.009) and HRV-low frequency/high frequency (HRV-LF/HF; <i>p</i> = 0.035) was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group. Among adolescent boys with obesity, 8-week HIIT and MICT had similar effects on improving VO_2peak. HIIT may be superior to MICT to improve endothelial function and vago-sympathetic balance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1871-1882"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flywheel resistance training promotes unique muscle architectural and performance-related adaptations in young adults","authors":"Nile F. Banks,&nbsp;Alexander C. Berry,&nbsp;Emily M. Rogers,&nbsp;Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12215","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12215","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to examine the skeletal muscle hypertrophic, architectural, and performance-related adaptations in response to volume-matched, total-body flywheel versus traditional resistance training in a randomized, non-exercise controlled study in physically active young adults. Thirty-one healthy young adults (24 ± 3 y) were randomized to 10 weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT; <i>n</i> = 7F/5M), flywheel training (FWRT; <i>n</i> = 7F/4M), or a habitual activity control (CON; <i>n</i> = 5F/3M). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), one repetition-maximum (1RM) for the free weight squat and bench press, three repetition work maximum (3W_max) for the flywheel squat and bench press, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance, as well as site-specific muscle hypertrophy, fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle, were measured. Both TRT and FWRT increased MVIT (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.021) and FFM (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.032) compared to CON. However, TRT promoted superior improvements in free weight squat and bench 1RM (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and FWRT improved flywheel 3W_max squat and bench (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). FWRT increased the FL and cross-sectional area of the distal VL, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.048), whereas TRT increased the pennation angle and cross-sectional area of the proximal VL. Therefore, 10 weeks of volume-matched, total-body traditional, and flywheel resistance training similarly increased maximal isometric strength and fat-free mass. However, FWRT promoted unique skeletal muscle architectural adaptations that likely contributed to region-specific VL hypertrophy and jump performance improvements. Thus, FWRT provides a novel training stimulus that promotes architectural adaptations that support improved athletic performance in a manner that is not provided by traditional resistance exercise training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1765-1778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilisation of New Zealand Rugby's concussion management pathway: A mixed methods investigation","authors":"Danielle M. Salmon,&nbsp;Marelise Badenhorst,&nbsp;Sierra Keung,&nbsp;Zachary Yukio Kerr,&nbsp;Johna K. Register-Mihalik,&nbsp;Janelle Romanchuk,&nbsp;S. John Sullivan,&nbsp;Christina Sutherland,&nbsp;Chris Whatman,&nbsp;Simon R. Walters","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12213","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12213","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concerns around concussion highlight the need for strategies to improve the implementation and translation of concussion guidelines in community sports. This study assessed players' utilisation and compliance with New Zealand Rugby's Concussion Management Pathway (CMP). This pragmatic, mixed methods study comprised of concussion injury surveillance and mapping of players' healthcare touchpoints through the CMP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand stakeholders' experiences. Over the season, 27 different healthcare pathways were identified with 28% of players progressing through all phases of the CMP (ideal pathway). Of the 206 suspected concussions reported over the season, 70% were logged in the CMP phone App, and 89% of these had an associated valid baseline concussion assessment. Prior to returning to contact training, 64% of players obtained a medical clearance. One theme, ‘belief in the value of pathway’ was identified as a facilitator across all CMP components. Themes such as ‘concussion knowledge and the nature of concussion’; ‘communication between stakeholders and sufficient information on the process’; and ‘strong relationships and clarity around responsibilities’ were identified as facilitators across several pathway components. Other facilitators included ‘ease and timing of general practitioner access’; ‘the phone App as facilitator to logging’; and ‘spotting for concussion as a team’. Additionally, the findings signify baseline testing as a potential pre-cursor to overall CMP compliance. Strategies that support the facilitators identified in this study may further enhance compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1883-1902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the ideal body shape associated with adolescent rowing-ergometry performance following a 6-week training intervention: New scaling insights using three-dimensional allometry","authors":"Alan M. Nevill,&nbsp;Grace W. M. Walters,&nbsp;Karah J. Dring,&nbsp;Benjamin A. Nevill,&nbsp;Simon B. Cooper,&nbsp;John G. Morris","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12216","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejsc.12216","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scaling, to remove the effects of body size, is an important methodological approach for enabling an equitable comparison of performance differences between individuals who vary in anthropometric characteristics. Many previous studies using scaling in sport have done so based on only one or two anthropometric characteristics, with only one study to date adopting a three-dimensional approach. To apply a three-dimensional allometric model to rowing ergometer performance (REP) in adolescents, and to detect whether key ‘scaling’ parameters remain stable when scaling REP both before and after a 6-week training intervention. Novel three-dimensional allometric models were used, incorporating body mass, stature and waist circumference (WC) to detect the most appropriate body size dimension(s) and scaling parameters associated with REP before and after a 6-week training intervention. Using this more flexible and sensitive three-dimensional allometry demonstrated that, following 6-weeks of training, there was a change in the ideal body shape associated with REP. Before training, taller, but not heavier, adolescents performed better. After 6-weeks of training, older participants with a greater body mass but smaller WC performed better. Scaling approaches are important for evaluating performance differences between individuals of differing body size. The findings from the current study (using a novel three-dimensional allometry approach) emphasise that relatively subtle changes in individuals' behavioural characteristics, such as changes in their training/fitness status, can result in quite dramatic changes in the body dimension characteristics and scaling parameters deemed to be key for performance in activities such as REP.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"24 12","pages":"1865-1870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}