Endokrynologia Polska最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic value of lncRNA HCG4 in thyroid cancer and its regulatory effect on tumor progression.","authors":"Chongwei Qian, Hong Yi, Jike Wang","doi":"10.5603/ep.109546","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.109546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with metastasis has a poor prognosis and requires effective prognostic markers. Becauselong non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) HCG4 is abnormally expressed in thyroid cancer, this study investigated its prognostic valuefor PTC and its regulatory mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study included 128 patients with PTC. The prognostic value of HCG4 was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves.COX analysis was used to identify prognostic factors affecting PTC. HCG4 and miR-146b-5p levels in tissues and cells were assessed usingreal-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation was detected using a cell counting kit(CCK-8 kit). Cell invasion and migration were assessed using a Transwell assay. The binding relationship between HCG4 and miR-146b-5pwas detected using dual-luciferase reporter (DLR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HCG4 levels were reduced in PTC tissues, and cells compared with normal tissues, while miR-146b-5p levels were increased. PTCpatients with low HCG4 levels demonstrated lower 5-year survival rates, and HCG4 also serves as an independent protective prognosticfactor for PTC. HCG4 negatively regulates the level of miR-146b-5p. HCG4 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migrationabilities of the cells. These abilities were restored by increasing the level of miR-146b-5p. Therefore, increasing HCG4 could reducethe level of miR-146b-5p, thereby alleviating PTC development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCG4 demonstrates favorable prognostic value. Overexpression of HCG4 can reduce the level of miR-146b-5p, inhibit the survival rate and invasiveness of PTC cells, and thereby potentially alleviate the progression of PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food-dependent Cushing's syndrome in a patient with bilateral macronodular adrenal disease (BMAD) associated with germline KDM1A variant.","authors":"Dorota Leszczyńska, Julia Latocha, Alicja Szatko, Beata Woźniak, Wojciech Zgliczyński, Piotr Glinicki","doi":"10.5603/ep.107854","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.107854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not required for Clinical Vignette.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"77 1","pages":"83-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of phenotypes in a unique group of RET proto-oncogene Y791F variant carriers in the Polish population.","authors":"Kornelia Hasse-Lazar, Agnieszka Kotecka-Blicharz, Tomasz Gawlik, Magdalena Kołton, Agnieszka Pawlaczek, Jadwiga Żebracka-Gala, Malgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska, Ewa Chmielik, Agnieszka Czarniecka, Jolanta Krajewska, Michał Lazar, Aleksandra Kłuś, Daria Handkiewicz-Junak, Barbara Jarząb","doi":"10.5603/ep.112146","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.112146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Among all RET proto-oncogene variants, Y791F has been the most controversial and widely debated with regard to itspathogenicity and clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Medical records of 104 RET Y791F variant carriers were retrospectively analyzed. The population comprised 30 probands with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), 6 probands with pheochromocytoma, 63 family members, and 5 patients in whomthe RET Y791F variant was found during genetic screening. The characteristics of the 30 RET Y791F carriers with MTC were comparedwith those of the control group of 208 patients with sporadic MTC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age at surgery in the 30 probands with MTC was 58 years (range: 20-79), and in the control group with sporadic MTC it was 55 years (range: 21-80), with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.16). Multifocal MTC was observed in 8 of 30 operatedprobands (26%) and in 29 of 208 patients (13.9%) with sporadic disease (p = 0.07). Prophylactic surgery was performed in 21 familymembers. No MTC was identified in the postoperative material. Among patients under surveillance, none of the RET Y791F carriersshowed any abnormalities on thyroid ultrasound or any increase in calcitonin concentration. None of the followed-up patients (except 6after adrenalectomy) was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. None of the 104 RET Y791F carriers had hypercalcemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on our results, individuals with the RET Y791F variant do not require enhanced clinical surveillance or prophylactic intervention and should be managed according to general population guidelines, unless additional clinical indications arise.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148595040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berardinelli-Seip syndrome.","authors":"Savelia Gavrailova Yordanova, Zdravka Todorova, Antoaneta Gateva, Vera Karamfilova, Margarita Archinkova, Zdravko Kamenov, Yavor Assyov","doi":"10.5603/ep.108324","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.108324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Berardinelli-Seip syndrome, also known as congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by lipoatrophy, acromegaloid features, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis. With estimated prevalence 1 in every 10,000,000 births, CGL challenges medical specialists to seek better ways for early diagnosis of the disease. Despite its rarity, the condition is associated with severe metabolic and cardiovascular complications, leading to significant morbidity and reduced life expectancy. Advances in molecular genetics have identified mutations in AGPAT2, BSCL2, CAV1, and PTRF, which provide important insights into adipose tissue biology and systemic metabolism. Early recognition and genetic confirmation are crucial to initiate timely interventions, including lifestyle modification, insulin sensitizers, and lipid-lowering therapies including metreleptin therapy in indicated cases. Two illustrative cases are presented, reflecting our experience with the clinical variability, genetic findings, and therapeutic strategies in CGL as well as highlighting the importance of comprehensive care and emerging therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"77 1","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal links between diabetes, gut microbiota, and colon cancer: insights from Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Tao Liu, Qin Tong","doi":"10.5603/ep.109285","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.109285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colon cancer (CC) remains a major global health burden and ranks among the most common malignant tumors. In recentyears, its growing occurrence in younger age groups has presented a substantial challenge to public health systems worldwide. Type 2diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota may influence its pathogenesis, but the causal relationship remains unexplored. This study aims to examine the causal association between T2D and CC and explore the possible mediating effects of gut microbiota inthis relationship.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was employed to assess causality, with T2D and gut microbiotaas exposures and CC as the outcome variable. Mediation analysis was conducted through the two-step Mendelian randomizationmethod. Additionally, scRNA-seq data were analyzed to characterize the expression patterns of T2D drug target genes in CC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a markedly positive causal effect of T2D on benign colon neoplasm risk (odds ratio = 1.074, 95% confidenceinterval: 1.031-1.119, p = 6.084e-4). Further analysis detected 24 gut microbial taxa related to CC risk, among which Bacteroides sp003545565partially mediated the T2D-benign colon neoplasm relationship, accounting for 8.57% of the total effect. scRNA-seq analysis demonstrateddistinct expression profiles of T2D drug target genes (e.g., PPARG, DPP4, INSR, GPD2, and PRKAB1) in CC compared to normal tissues,with cell type-specific expression changes linked to CC progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provided genetic evidence confirming a causal role of T2D in CC and highlighted the potential mechanisticinvolvement of gut microbiota. These findings suggested novel intervention strategies for CC prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"234-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follow-up study of the treatment of patients operated on for differentiated thyroid cancer - a 30-year single-center study.","authors":"Grzegorz Józef Kowalski, Agata Stanek-Widera, Grzegorz Buła, Ryszard Mucha, Henryk Koziołek, Zbigniew Niedzielski, Dariusz Lange, Jacek Gawrychowski","doi":"10.5603/ep.111942","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.111942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), isthe most common endocrine malignancy and is usually associated with a favorable prognosis. However, clinicopathological characteristicsand prognostic factors may differ between these histological subtypes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of 1,826 consecutive patients (1,533 with PTC and 293 with FTC) whounderwent surgical treatment between 1995 and 2025 at a tertiary referral center. Clinicopathological features, recurrence patterns,and disease-specific survival (DSS) were assessed. Tumors were staged according to the AJCC/UICC TNM classification (8th edition).Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. Independent prognosticfactors were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Follicular thyroid carcinoma was significantly associated with larger tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and distant metastases at diagnosis, whereas lymph node metastases and multifocality were more frequently observed in PTC. Ten-year DSS was significantly higherin patients with PTC than in those with FTC (98.4% vs. 89.6%; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, older age, larger tumor size, and distantmetastases were independent predictors of worse DSS in PTC. In FTC, extrathyroidal extension, locoregional recurrence, and distant metastaseswere independently associated with reduced DSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although long-term survival in DTC is excellent, significant differences in biological behavior and prognostic determinantsexist between PTC and FTC. Histology-specific risk assessment may improve long-term management and follow-up strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"206-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the SGLT2-independent off-target dapagliflozin activity using model organism Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Katarzyna D Arczewska, Magdalena Kucharczyk, Małgorzata Grzanka, Joanna Życka-Krzesińska, Alex Białas, Beata Rybicka, Helena Kossowska, Marta Koblowska, Joanna Bogusławska, Hilde Nilsen, Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska, Ryszard Gellert","doi":"10.5603/ep.110917","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.110917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Flozins, an emerging class of antidiabetic agents, selectively target the SGLT2 sodium/glucose cotransporter in the renalproximal tubule, thereby preventing glucose reabsorption and reducing hyperglycemia. Beyond lowering glucose levels, flozins exhibitsignificant benefits in heart failure and chronic kidney disease. This expanded therapeutic utility is noteworthy, particularly given the absenceof SGLT2 expression in cardiac tissue, suggesting the involvement of additional targets or mechanisms affected by flozins.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Here, we utilized Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism devoid of an SGLT2 orthologue to analyze the off-targetactivity of flozins, specifically following dapagliflozin treatment. Glucose-fed worms were treated with dapagliflozin, and lifespan analyseswere performed. Transcriptomic profiling was conducted to compare glucose- and dapagliflozin-treated worms with glucose-only-treatedcontrols. In vivo glucose transport was assessed using the fluorescent glucose analogue 2-NBDG. Additionally, smvt-1 (sodium-dependentmultivitamin transporter) expression was downregulated to evaluate its role in dapagliflozin-mediated effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although C. elegans lacks an SGLT2 orthologue, dapagliflozin remarkably mirrored observations from murine models by significantlyprolonging lifespan under glucose-fed conditions. Transcriptomic analyses revealed gene expression profiles closely resemblingthose observed in mammalian systems. Furthermore, we observed that dapagliflozin inhibits glucose transport in vivo, as demonstratedby reduced 2-NBDG uptake. Notably, this inhibitory effect was abolished upon downregulation of smvt-1, indicating its involvement indapagliflozin-mediated glucose transport inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that dapagliflozin exerts SGLT2-independent effects on glucose transport and longevity. In C. elegans, the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter SMVT-1 represents a relevant target of dapagliflozin, providing insight into potentialalternative mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic benefits of flozins observed in mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"224-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin reverses hyperglycemia-triggered vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by regulating mitochondria dynamics.","authors":"Qian Cheng, Rui Du, Jing Liu, Ping Qiu, Yonghe Hu","doi":"10.5603/ep.110841","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.110841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial injury is a major contributor to diabetic vasculopathy. While sodium-glucose transporter2 (SGLT2) in renal proximal tubules plays a critical role in diabetes, its expression and function in kidney endothelial cells, particularly regarding sex-specific disease progression, remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>SGLT2 expression in kidney endothelial cells was examined in male streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic miceusing immunostaining. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with high glucose, we investigated the impact ofSGLT2 on mitochondrial dynamics following empagliflozin treatment. Molecular mechanisms were elucidated using qRT-PCR and Westernblot. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SGLT2 was significantly upregulated in kidney endothelial cells of diabetic male mice. High glucose increased SGLT2 expressionin HUVECs, promoting mitochondrial fission and reducing fusion. Both SGLT2 siRNA knockdown and empagliflozin treatment markedlyenhanced mitochondrial fusion. Mechanistically, empagliflozin activated AMPK, increasing KLF4 expression and promoting mitochondrialfusion, thereby protecting against endothelial dysfunction. AMPK inhibition abrogated empagliflozin's protective effects in diabetic mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SGLT2 critically regulates endothelial dysfunction under hyperglycemic conditions through the AMPK/KLF4-mitochondrialdynamics axis. Empagliflozin protects both proximal tubules and kidney endothelial cells in diabetes. Given accelerated diabetic kidneydisease progression in males, our male mouse model findings provide clinically relevant insights into sex-specific therapeutic responsesto SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetic vasculopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"245-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between multiple inflammatory indices and gout: a cross-sectional study based on clinical and NHANES data.","authors":"Chenjing Xu, Qing Liu, Zhiwu Kuai, Aifeng He","doi":"10.5603/ep.107820","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.107820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gout has placed a significant burden on healthcare expenditures and society in recent decades. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) have been used as new non-specific inflammatory markers. This study aims to investigate the possible association between these markers and gout.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Gout patients and non-gout participants were recruited from our hospital and the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The differences in clinical data, SII, and SIRI between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between each variable and the occurrence of gout. After adjusting for confounding factors, the relationship between multiple inflammatory indices and gout risk was further evaluated and visualized by the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in gender, age, education level, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and diabetes between gout patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05). Male patients, older age, married, low education level, smoking, drinking, diabetes, high neutrophil count, high monocyte count, high platelet count, and high Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) index are risk factors for gout. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that lymphocyte count and platelet count were negatively correlated with serum uric acid levels, whereas neutrophil count, monocyte count, and SIRI index were positively correlated with serum uric acid levels. The results were further validated through analysis of the NHANES database.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that SII and SIRI are positively correlated with a high risk of gout and can be used as novel inflammatory markers for gout.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146230318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological changes in Cushing's disease from diagnosis to remission: comparison with non-functioning pituitary adenomas.","authors":"Sebnem Burhan, Aysel Unver Ozkahraman, Ebubekir Akpinar, Didem Acarer Bugun, Aslihan Pekmezci, Esra Hatipoglu","doi":"10.5603/ep.111457","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.111457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cushing's disease (CD) results in chronic hypercortisolism with multisystem complications. Although glucocorticoids affecthematopoiesis, sex-specific hematological alterations and their reversibility following treatment remain incompletely characterized.Most previous studies have compared patients with CD with healthy controls, limiting the ability to isolate cortisol-specific effects fromtumor- or surgery-related confounders. We investigated hematological parameters in patients with CD at diagnosis and after remission,using patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFA) as controls to specifically identify hypercortisolism-driven changes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 117 patients: 59 with CD and 58 with NFA who underwent transsphenoidal surgery. Complete blood count and hormonal parameters were evaluated at diagnosis and 3 months postoperatively. Changes in hematologicalparameters were compared between groups using repeated-measures analysis of variance, with subgroup analyses examiningremission status and sex-specific differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, patients with CD showed significantly elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts (9.50 ± 2.67 vs. 7.32 ± 1.71 × 10³/μL, p < 0.001), neutrophil counts (6.41 ± 2.35 vs. 4.30 ± 1.44 × 10³/μL, p < 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (3.27 ± 2.03 vs.2.04 ± 0.91, p < 0.001), and red blood cell (RBC) counts (4.70 ± 0.50 vs. 4.51 ± 0.46 × 10⁶/μL, p = 0.03), with significantly lower eosinophilcounts (0.111 ± 0.093 vs. 0.166 ± 0.140 × 10³/μL, p = 0.01) compared with NFA patients. No sex-specific differences were observed inbaseline hematological parameters within the CD group. At 3 months postoperatively, significant decreases in hemoglobin (p = 0.02),WBC (p < 0.001), neutrophil counts (p < 0.001), and NLR (p = 0.006) were observed in patients with CD compared with NFA controls. Importantly, the magnitude of postoperative reductions in WBC (p = 0.01) and neutrophil counts (p = 0.009), as well as increases in eosinophil counts (p = 0.03), was significantly associated with achieving biochemical remission. Neutrophil recovery was greater in women (p = 0.03). No correlations were found between baseline cortisol levels and hematological parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cushing's disease demonstrates specific hematological alterations - elevated WBC, neutrophils, NLR, and RBC, with decreasedeosinophils - that are attributable to hypercortisolism rather than the presence of a pituitary tumor. These parameters normalizerapidly following surgical remission, with changes correlating with biochemical cure. Routine complete blood counts may serve as accessiblebiomarkers for monitoring disease activity and treatment response in CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"319-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}