Contraception and reproductive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Husbands involvement in contraceptive decision-making in a northern Nigerian city.","authors":"Sadiq Muhammad Maaji, Ismail Ibrahim Beli, Binta Muhammad Maaji, Muhammad Yasir Alhassan, Saifullahi Idris Umar, Fatimah Isma'il Tsiga-Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00418-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00418-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Male partners predominantly make reproductive health decisions in northern Nigeria. There is a need to investigate the extent of husbands' involvement in contraceptive decision-making in this geographical setting and understand the factors that influence their participation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We collected quantitative data from a cross-section of 154 married men residing within Kano Metropolis using an adapted interviewer-administered questionnaire. We evaluated male involvement in contraceptive decision-making using five domains. Multivariable binary logistic regression modeling was employed to identify sociodemographic variables independently associated with the husband's involvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half of the husbands (57.5%) were found to be actively involved in contraceptive decision-making. The most common activities performed by the husbands were discussing the use of contraceptives with their partners and providing financial support to access contraceptive services. Participants with tertiary education (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4-4.8, 0.01), civil servants (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.6-7.2, < 0.001) and those with good knowledge of contraception (OR: 6.0, 95% CI: 4.1-18.9, < 0.001) demonstrated a higher likelihood of involvement. Additionally, the number of children was inversely related to involvement, with participants with five or more children being less likely to participate in contraceptive decision-making (OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.4-0.6, < 0.001) compared to those with fewer children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated that despite good knowledge of contraception among respondents, direct involvement in contraceptive practices remained relatively inadequate. It provides valuable insights by identifying key factors that influence involvement, offering relevant information for policymakers and health programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction among patients seeking fertility care at two tertiary hospitals in Uganda: across-sectional study.","authors":"Innocent Bwire, Petrus Baruti, Geoffrey Okot, Emmanuel Okurut, Theoneste Hakizimana, Sam Ononge, Warsame Dahir Fardowso, Shem Kasiita, Ahmed Tayrab Eltayeb Mohammed","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00417-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00417-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual dysfunction is a common but under-recognized problem in fertility care with potential implications on treatment outcomes. We determined the prevalence, forms and factors associated with sexual dysfunction among patients seeking fertility care at two tertiary Hospitals in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinja and Kayunga Regional Referral Hospitals from May to August 2025. A total of 226 participants (113 males and 113 females) seeking fertility care were consecutively recruited. A validated Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale with a cutoff of ≥ 19 was used to define sexual dysfunction. Demographic data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Stata version 19. Bivariate and Multivariate analysis for associations was done with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 34.1 years (SD ± 8.3); most had secondary education, unemployed, middle income status, had no living child with Infertility for more than five years. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 42.5% (96/226), higher in females (52.2%, 59/113) than in males (32.7%, 37/113). Among women, the most common dysfunctions were reduced sexual desire (33.6%), orgasm difficulties (32.7%), and painful intercourse (27.4%). Among men, reduced desire (27.4%), painful intercourse (23.8%), and erectile difficulties (23.0%) predominated. Independent predictors of sexual dysfunction included age 40-49 years (aOR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.24-6.80, p = 0.014), low household income (aOR 10.7; 95% CI: 2.14-52.92, p = 0.004), absence of a living child (aOR 2.8; 95% CI: 1.28-5.10, p = 0.021), and infertility duration ≥ 5 years (aOR 7.4; 95% CI: 3.38-16.32, p = < 0.001). Being male was associated with a 52% lower likelihood of sexual dysfunction (aOR 0.48; 95% CI: 0.37-0.89, p = < 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sexual dysfunction was common among patients with infertility, especially women thus integrating routine screening, counseling and targeted support for high‑risk groups should be prioritized in fertility care.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12781468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability and utilization of modern contraceptives and associated factors among childbearing-aged women in Northern Ghana: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mavis Kala, Yula Salifu, Joseph Lasong","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00404-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00404-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, the use of modern contraceptives has increased, yet progress remains slow in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among reproductive-aged women. In Ghana, acceptance of family planning is influenced by personal, traditional, and socio-cultural factors. This study aimed to identify predictors of modern contraceptive acceptability and utilization among women of reproductive age attending selected health facilities in Northern Ghana, to inform policies and strategies for improving uptake.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2023 among 421 women aged 15-49 years, recruited through systematic random sampling across three public health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression in IBM SPSS version 25, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While acceptability of modern contraceptives was relatively high (75.3%), actual utilization was lower (40.1%). More than half (57%) reported experiencing contraceptive failure. Key determinants of contraceptive utilization included age (21-30 years: AOR = 6.82, 95% CI: 1.25-37.09; 31-40 years: AOR = 10.91, 95% CI: 1.90-62.66), marital status (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.74), paternal education (basic: AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06-3.82; secondary: AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.43-5.70), household wealth (medium: AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.18-3.16; rich: AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.34-3.61), and health worker attitudes (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.14-0.36). Acceptability was predicted by occupation (civil servant: AOR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.50-13.29; farmer: AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.00-4.55), husband's number of wives (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.10-0.29), household wealth (rich: AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21-3.67), source of information (health workers: AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.35-4.20), and contraceptive knowledge (AOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.23-6.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite high acceptability, modern contraceptive use among women in Northern Ghana remains low. Utilization was shaped by demographic, socioeconomic, and provider-related factors, while acceptability was driven by occupation, knowledge, and exposure to health worker information. Targeted interventions should engage less educated, poorer, and married women, while also involving men in family planning decisions. Strengthening community-based sensitization and empowering women in reproductive health decision-making are crucial for inclusive and sustainable improvements in contraceptive uptake and for meeting global reproductive health goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12661712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing contraceptive use among women of advanced reproductive age in Nigeria.","authors":"Ifedapo Agbeja, Funmilola Folasade Oyinlola, Omolayo Bukola Oluwatope, Immanuel Shittu, Ibukun Agbeja, Sukurah Adewumi Hammed, Bukola Beatrice Howells","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00412-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00412-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contraceptive adoption is crucial for reducing unplanned pregnancies and maternal mortality and improving reproductive health outcomes. However, the unmet need for family planning remains high in developing countries. This study examines the prevalence and factors influencing contraceptive use and non-use among women of advanced reproductive age (35-49) in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study of 11,248 women of advanced reproductive age (35-49 years), from the most recent Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). This study utilised secondary data and information on socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive history, and contraceptive use. We employed a multinomial logistic regression in examining the bivariate relationship between the use and non-use of contraceptives and explanatory variables. Relative risk ratios (RRR) were calculated to indicate influence of the selected socio-demographic variables on the use and non-use of contraceptives. Analysis was performed using Stata version 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of contraceptive non-adoption among women of advanced reproductive age was 71%. Among those who use contraceptives, 21% practice modern methods, and 7% rely on traditional methods. Factors such as ethnicity, region, marital status, media exposure and experience of child mortality all had a significant positive association with contraceptive adoption rate. Additionally, a significant positive association was found between age, education, parity, wealth index, fertility desire and contraceptive use. At the multivariate level, education (RRR = 1.49; p = 0.050), ethnicity (RRR = 0.298; p = 0.001), region (RRR = 4.173; p < 0.001), and wealth status (RRR = 0.568; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with contraceptive non-use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlighted a high prevalence of contraceptive non-adoption among women of advanced reproductive age, with more than two-thirds not using any method of family planning. Socio-demographic factors, importantly, maternal education consistently emerged as a strong predictor of contraceptive use, underscoring the critical role of female empowerment and access to education in improving reproductive health outcomes. These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions that address regional and socio-cultural disparities, strengthen health education, and promote equitable access to family planning services to reduce unmet needs and enhance reproductive health among older women in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12763909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A drug-drug interaction study to evaluate the effects of strong CYP3A4 inducer on the pharmacokinetics of segesterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol in a contraceptive vaginal system.","authors":"Marlena Plagianos, Maud Lansiaux, Narender Kumar, Shelli Graham, Heather Sussman, Harvey Kushner, George Creasy, Brian Bernick, Lisa B Haddad","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00414-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00414-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: In 2018, the US FDA approved a long-acting contraceptive vaginal system (CVS) releasing a new progestin, segesterone acetate (SA) and ethinyl estradiol (EE). As most progestins and EE used in hormonal contraceptives are metabolized via the CYP3A4 pathway, drug-drug interactions within the CYP3A4 network are a potential concern for contraceptive efficacy and/or safety. SA and EE systemic exposure could be reduced following administration of a strong CYP3A4 inducer such as rifampin, thus influencing risk of pregnancy or side effects. The study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics of SA and EE from the CVS in healthy women when co-administered with rifampin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized, open-label, cross-over study was conducted at two Canadian sites to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction between rifampin (600 mg once daily) and the CVS releasing on average 150 µg of SA and 13 µg of EE daily. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time intervals after CVS insertion with and without concomitant Rifampin treatment. Serum concentrations of SA and EE were measured by validated LCMS/MS method. Concentrations were used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters for comparison. RESULTS: Twenty-one healthy women were enrolled and randomized (1:1) to sequence A (CVS alone in treatment cycle 1; CVS + rifampin in treatment cycle 2) or sequence B (CVS + rifampin in treatment cycle 1; CVS alone in treatment cycle 2); 18 women completed the study. Rifampin co-treatment had no significant impact on PK parameters of SA. The 90% confidence intervals of geometric mean ratios (GMR) for AUC and Cmax were wholly contained within 0.8–1.25, supportive of bioequivalence. Serum concentrations of EE were significantly decreased: the GMR and 90% confidence intervals for AUC were 0.44 (0.39–0.50) and Cmax was 0.55 (0.47–0.65). No new or unexpected safety concerns were observed during the study conduct. CONCLUSIONS: We report a drug-drug interaction of rifampin on systemic exposure of EE but not SA. As the progestin seems to be the major driver of contraceptive efficacy, we do not expect co-administration of a CYP3A4 inducer to reduce contraceptive effectiveness. These results suggest that this CVS may be used with rifampin without additional precautions to prevent unintended pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered with ClincalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04290390. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12751760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145607881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A secret for survival: covert contraceptive use and the burden of male resistance to family planning in Kigezi, Uganda.","authors":"Ronald Arineitwe Kibonire, David Ditaba Mphuthi, Muzafaru Twinomujuni","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00415-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00415-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the rural highlands of Uganda’s Rubanda District, a region with a critically high maternal mortality rate, women’s attempts to plan their families are often shrouded in secrecy due to spousal opposition.While male opposition is a well-documented barrier to contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa, the literature lacks a deep, context-specific understanding of the dynamics driving this resistance in critically high-burden settings like the Rubanda District, Uganda, where women are compelled to resort to covert contraceptive use.This qualitative study explores the lived experiences of women to understand the underlying drivers of male resistance to Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs). Data were collected through a combination of eight in-depth interviews (IDIs) with individual participants and two focus group discussions (FGDs) comprising seven and nine women respectively. The findings indicate that male resistance is not monolithic but stems from a complex interplay of factors: deep-seated misinformation due to exclusion from health education, powerful socio-cultural norms that equate masculinity with high fertility, and the pervasive impact of alcohol abuse, which leads to the abdication of familial responsibilities. These barriers compel women to adopt contraception covertly, placing them at risk of marital conflict and domestic violence. This secrecy arises from the lack of husbands’ engagement in health programs and reflects women’s determination to safeguard their health and secure the wellbeing of their children. The paper amplifies these women’s voices, illuminating their silent struggle and emphasizing the urgent need for systemic interventions and health programs that actively involve men, challenge harmful social norms, and remove barriers to equitable and collaborative family planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12751265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing high-risk pregnancies: a qualitative analysis of contraceptive needs in women with cardiac disease in a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka.","authors":"Mohamed Rishard, Nipuni Kawmada Shilpeswarage, Udani Kokila Shilpeswarage, Hettiarachchige Manojika Shyamali, Brabaharan Subhani, Kavinda Rajaratne, Indu Asanka Jayawadane, Upeksha Gayani Karawita, Nissanka Achchi Kankanamalage Ayoma Iroshanee Nissanka, Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00410-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00410-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease complicates pregnancy and is a leading cause of indirect maternal mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite Sri Lanka’s advanced maternal healthcare infrastructure, systemic and sociocultural barriers perpetuate unmet contraceptive needs among women with cardiac disease, contributing to preventable maternal morbidity in Sri Lanka. Existing guidelines from high-income countries inadequately address LMIC-specific challenges, necessitating contextually relevant, patient-centered solutions. OBJECTIVE: To qualitatively analyze the contraceptive needs, barriers, and decision-making experiences of women with cardiac disease in Sri Lanka. METHODS: A qualitative case study grounded in an interpretivist paradigm using purposive sampling of 12 women aged 25–45 years with cardiac disease admitted for pregnancy termination at a tertiary care center was conducted. Semi-structured interviews, analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic framework, explored awareness of contraceptives, healthcare interactions, and sociocultural influences. RESULTS: We constructed the following themes through analysis: (1) limited awareness of contraceptive options, with misconceptions about the safety and efficacy of long-acting reversible contraceptives; (2) inconsistent counseling practices, where pregnancy risks were emphasized but contraceptive guidance was fragmented; (3) systemic barriers, including siloed cardiac and reproductive care, COVID-19 disruptions, and urban-rural disparities; (4) strong willingness to adopt effective contraception if supported by patient-centered counseling and reliable access; (5) coerced reproductive decision-making with sociocultural pressures, particularly patriarchal norms, compelled women to prioritize familial expectations over medical advice; and (6) intentional nondisclosure of health risks due to fear of stigma or marital conflict led women to withhold cardiac disease severity from families. Participants highlighted gaps in provider knowledge, gendered decision-making norms, and inadequate follow-up mechanisms. CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the imperative need to integrate reproductive health into cardiac care protocols in LMICs. Policy priorities include multidisciplinary care models, exploring provider perspectives and provider training on patient-centered contraceptive counseling, and community engagement to address sociocultural barriers. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12648934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145607791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Describing the roles of civil society organizations in sustaining adolescents' family planning programs in nine Asian and African countries.","authors":"Siti Khuzaiyah, Yewo Grace Gondwe, Genuine Agakhan Desireh, Mercy Bolaji, Roseline Florence Gomes, Monir Hossen, Kughong Reuben Chia, Rhino Andrianirina, Fitriyani Fitriyani, Nur Intan Kusuma, Hein Minn Tun","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00408-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00408-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>INTRODUCTION: Globally, adolescent pregnancy affects around 21 million girls in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) annually, leading to 12 million births. Family planning education, sexual abstinence, and contraception utilization, mainly for married adolescent girls, are essential to prevent adolescent pregnancy. Although the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in advancing family planning has been increasingly recognized within the global health, there was lack of systematic documentation of its unique contribution and limited knowledge on its conceptualization and operation on sustainability. This study critically evaluating CSO members in nine carefully selected Asian and African nations involved in Adolescent and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health (AYSRH) programs, with an emphasis on community involvement, collaboration, and cultural and religious program adaptation. METHOD: This critical review study analyzed sustainability factors for adolescent family planning (AFP) programs across nine Asian (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Myanmar) and African countries (Cameroon, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Nigeria) through structured review submissions from CSOs practitioners, based on their perspectives. Using thematic analysis, the study identified three key sustainability pillars: (1) community participation, (2) multi-stakeholder partnerships, and (3) cultural-religious adaptation of programs. RESULTS: This study highlights the crucial role of CSOs in sustaining AFP programs across nine countries in Asia and Africa. Despite an unsupportive situation in the studied countries, such as sociocultural, political, and resource constraints, CSOs provide benefits. Three theme were reflected from the thematic analysis; community engagement and participation (youth empowerment, local ownership, grassroots mobilization, hybrid digital–community models, culturally sensitive advocacy); partnerships and collaboration (government–CSO alliances, joint implementation, cross-sector engagement, data-driven accountability); and cultural and religious adaptation (integrating local values, engaging gatekeepers, addressing barriers through dialogue and innovation). CONCLUSION: According to this multi-country study, community engagement, strategic partnerships, and cultural-religious adaptation are the three main pillars that support the effectiveness of family planning programs. The findings of this study advocate for scaled-up collaboration among governments, CSOs, and global health actors to institutionalize contextually grounded solutions. Strengthening CSOs through targeted investments, inclusive program designs, and institutionalizing these strategies within health systems is essential to ensure lasting acceptance, effectiveness, and community ownership. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12771872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods study on awareness of sexual and reproductive rights among women in Chandigarh, India.","authors":"Zawata Afnan, Madhu Gupta, Kapil Goel, Yukti Bhandari, Immanuel Joshua","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00398-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00398-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual and reproductive rights (SRRs) include the ability to make informed choices about family planning and reproductive health, free from discrimination, coercion, or violence. This study aimed to assess awareness and identify factors influencing perceptions of reproductive rights among women aged 15-35 years in Chandigarh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A concurrent mixed-method study was conducted among 116 women in Chandigarh using a pretested, semi-structured tool for quantitative analysis. A grounded theory approach was used to explore perceptions among 37 women through six focus group discussions (FGD), guided by a pretested FGD guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Trial Version 26.0, while thematic analysis of qualitative data was conducted manually. Data integration was performed at the interpretation stage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urban residents had significantly higher awareness of SRRs and legal abortion rights [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.5-17.5; AOR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.28-9.55]. Unmarried women were more aware of abortion rights (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI = 1.83-11.06). Higher education was associated with greater awareness of family planning (AOR = 16.06, 95% CI = 2.8-91.6). Individual factors included differing priorities, hesitancy to discuss, and fear of abortion and contraceptive side effects. Family-related factors involved decision-making roles (in-laws and husbands). Societal factors included low autonomy and religious beliefs. The stigma surrounding reproductive health and sex education hindered women from exercising their rights.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant gaps exist in SRR awareness, particularly among married, less educated, and slum-dwelling women. Family control, religious beliefs, and stigma hinder reproductive autonomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12636204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of infertility and its risk factors in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Getachew Muluye Gedef, Eden Bishaw Taye, Osman Yimer Mohammed, Marta Yimam Abegaz, Melaku Hunie Asratie, Fantahun Andualem","doi":"10.1186/s40834-025-00411-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-025-00411-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infertility is a significant public health concern affecting millions of couples globally, with a particularly high prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa, where its social and psychological impacts are profound. Despite advances in reproductive health research, comprehensive data on infertility in the region remain limited, and existing studies often yield inconsistent and inconclusive findings. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the prevalence of infertility and identify its risk factors in Sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases and grey literature using predefined search terms. Original articles published in English between January 1, 2000, and May 30, 2024, reporting the prevalence and/or associated factors of infertility in Sub-Saharan Africa were included. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023428778). Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. A random-effects meta-analysis using STATA version 14 generated pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I² statistics; publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Sixteen primary studies from ten Sub-Saharan African countries, comprising a total of 22,303 participants were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of infertility in the region was 16.98% (95% CI: 11.62, 22.33%). Factors such as obstetric complications (OR = 7.94, 95% CI: 4.74, 13.30), STIs / PID (OR = 3.24; 95% CI: 2.33, 4.52), substance use (OR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.71, 8.63), and women's age (OR = 2.19, CI: 1.48, 3.22) were identified as significant risk factors of infertility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly one in six couples in Sub-Saharan Africa experience infertility. Key contributing factors include STIs/PID, substance use, and obstetric complications. These findings highlight the need for targeted, context-specific reproductive health interventions and policies to mitigate the burden of infertility in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12625511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}