Bone最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes heterotopic ossification by mediating ROS/HIF-1α positive feedback loop and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway\" [Bone 190 (2025) 117331].","authors":"Ping Li, Wensheng Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jie Liu, Jiaming Fu, Zhengnong Wei, Shiyong Le, Jiajia Xu, Liang Wang, Zhongmin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":"192 ","pages":"117365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NRF2-mediated osteoblast anti-ferroptosis effect promotes induced membrane osteogenesis.","authors":"Shuyuan Li, Shuying Li, Dawen Yang, Jingtao Zhang, Songyang Wang, Zhanpeng Zeng, Qunbin Cai, Qishi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Induced membrane technique (IMT) is a new method for repairing segmental bone defects. However, the mechanism of its defect repair is not clear. In recent years, several studies have gradually indicated that ferroptosis is closely related to bone remodeling. Therefore, this study mainly explored the impact of NRF2-mediated osteoblast anti-ferroptosis on bone mineralization within the induced membrane. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 12-14 weeks were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12): Model group, DMF (NRF2 agonist) group, ML385 (NRF2 inhibitor) group and Sham group. Except for Sham group, an IMT model of the right femur was established in all other groups. After 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment with DMF and ML385, compared to Model group, DMF group showed significantly higher levels of bone volume fraction (BV/TV), osteogenic factors and NRF2/ARE pathway-related factors (NRF2, GPX4, HO-1 and SLC7A11), while ferroptosis-related indicators (total iron, 4-HNE and MDA) were significantly lower. Conversely, ML385 group exhibited significantly higher ferroptosis-related indicators and lower levels of NRF2/ARE pathway-related factors and osteogenesis. In vitro, erastin could induce ferroptosis in osteoblasts. Compared to Erastin group, Erastin+oe-NRF2 (NRF2 overexpression) group showed significantly increased cell viability, mineralization ability, and levels of NRF2/ARE pathway-related factors, along with reduced ferroptosis effects. However, Erastin+si-NRF2 (NRF2 small interfering) group displayed enhanced ferroptosis effects and significantly reduced cell viability, mineralization ability, and levels of NRF2/ARE pathway-related factors. In conclusion, in the bone grafting area of the induced membrane, there existed ferroptosis caused by iron overload. Activating the anti-ferroptosis effect of osteoblasts mediated by the NRF2/ARE signaling cascade could promote growth and mineralization of bone grafts within the induced membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormones synthesized by the adrenal reticulum protect bone density in premenopausal women with Cushing syndrome.","authors":"Keyang Wu, Siyu Yan, Jieying Wan, Yuanyuan Ye, Yian Gu, Hequn Sang, Shuo Li, Li Ding, Hengjie Yuan, Lina Chang, Ming Liu, Qing He","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in bone metabolism between patients with adrenal Cushing's syndrome (ACS) and Cushing's disease (CD) have been noted, but the impact of steroid hormones on bone metabolism remains underexplored. The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in bone metabolism between the two subtypes of Cushing's syndrome and the correlation between hormones synthesized by the adrenal reticulum and bone metabolism.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective study included 75 premenopausal women, consisting of 33 patients with CD and 42 patients with ACS. The clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and bone metabolism differences between the two groups were analyzed. Then, 16 patients with ACS and 12 patients with CD underwent comparison of blood steroid hormone levels. Additionally, the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) values and steroid hormone variables was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum and urinary cortisol and serum ACTH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with CD compared to those with ACS. Conversely, lumbar and femoral BMD were lower, and osteocalcin (OC) levels were elevated in the ACS group. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEAS) had a significant positive correlation with Z-score in lumbar spine in both CD and ACS group. However, Z-score in femoral neck had a significant positive correlation with DHEA and DHEAS only in the ACS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bone loss is more pronounced in ACS than in CD, despite higher cortisol levels in CD patients. High levels of hormones synthesized by the adrenal reticulum might be protective for bone density in premenopausal women with hypercortisolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of patients with very high fracture risk in a community-dwelling geriatric cohort.","authors":"Michaela Rippl, Pauline Grupp, Sebastian Martini, Katharina Müller, Olivia Tausendfreund, Ralf Schmidmaier, Michael Drey","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bone anabolic treatment has been shown to be superior to oral bisphosphonates, especially in osteoporosis patients with a very high fracture-risk. The current German osteoporosis guideline classifies the very high 3-year fracture-risk based upon a novel fracture-risk model. As age is a severe risk-factor, we examined the distribution and associations to geriatric assessment parameters of the very high-risk group in a well-characterized cohort of community-dwelling geriatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses were based on 166 patients (mean age 82 ± 6 years) taken from MUSAR (MUnich SArcopenia Registry). Fracture-risk was calculated as described in the current German guideline. Thereupon, patients were allocated to the low-/moderate (<5 %), high- (5-10 %) or very high-risk group (>10 %). Associations of geriatric assessment parameters with the group allocation to the fracture-risk group were evaluated by covariate-adjusted linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>>80 % of the study population were at an increased fracture-risk. Besides, >50 % were allocated to the very high-risk group. Patients in the very high-risk group showed limitations in all physical performance tests (short physical performance battery (SPPB), gaitspeed, handgrip strength and chair rise test). Also, polypharmacy and a risk for malnutrition (from mini nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF)), were present. All parameters showed significant associations with group allocation to very high-risk group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of the geriatric patients are at a very high-risk for osteoporotic fractures. Also, this group presented several limitations in the comprehensive geriatric assessment highlighting the vulnerability of this group. Clinicians need to reinforce fracture-risk assessment and familiarize with treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale inferomedial femoral neck bone quality in type 2 diabetes patients with fragility fracture.","authors":"Praveer Sihota, Saroj Kumar, Ruban Dhaliwal, Piyush Uniyal, Ram Naresh Yadav, Vandana Dhiman, Deepak Neradi, Shailesh Karn, Mohin Sapara, Sidhartha Sharma, Sameer Aggarwal, Vijay G Goni, Vishwajeet Mehandia, Björn Busse, Deepak Vashishth, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada, Navin Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2024.117375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both trabecular and cortical bone undergo changes at multiple scales. We previously demonstrated the multi-scale changes in trabecular bone quality that contribute to bone fragility in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The link between increased fragility in T2D and multi-scale changes in cortical bone and their interaction with glycation remains unclear. This study presents, first-ever, multi-scale cortical bone quality parameters in T2D patients after their first hip fracture. The study objective was to determine the association between cortical porosity (Ct.Po.), mechanical, material, and bone compositional properties in T2D. Inferomedial femoral neck (FN) bone tissue specimens were collected from patients (n = 10 with T2D, n = 25 age- and sex-matched non-diabetes controls) who underwent hip replacement surgery following the first hip fragility fracture. Bone mineral density at FN was found to be similar between groups. In T2D, Ct.Po was higher (p = 0.038), while ultimate stress (p = 0.021), ultimate strain (p = 0.040), post-yield strain (p = 0.011), toughness (p = 0.005), yield energy (p = 0.003), and post-yield energy (p = 0.004) were notably lower. Tissue compositional differences included lower gravimetric mineral/matrix (p = 0.017), higher non-enzymatic collagen cross-link ratio (NE-xLR) (p = 0.049) and higher sugar/matrix ratio (p = 0.042) in T2D. Fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (fAGEs) content was higher in T2D bone (p = 0.043). At the mesoscale, the fAGEs in the bone matrix are inversely related to the yield- and ultimate strain of T2D bone, and NE-xLR is negatively correlated with yield- and ultimate- stress in the T2D group. In conclusion, study findings demonstrate that elevated glycation weakens the mechanical integrity of cortical bone by reducing its ability to absorb energy and resist deformation, thereby contributing to bone fragility in T2D. The strong association of fAGEs with lower yield strain, along with the association of NE-xLR with lower yield- and ultimate stress, establishes a causal link between AGEs and the deterioration of cortical bone mechanical properties. These findings underscore the need for strategies targeting glycation and collagen quality to mitigate fracture risk in T2D patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A statistical shape and density model can accurately predict bone morphology and regional femoral bone mineral density variation in children.","authors":"Yidan Xu, Jannes Brüling, Laura Carman, Ted Yeung, Thor Besier, Julie Choisne","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finite element analysis (FEA) is a widely used tool to predict bone biomechanics in orthopaedics for prevention, treatment, and implant design. Subject-specific FEA models are more accurate than generic adult-scaled models, especially for a paediatric population, due to significant differences in bone geometry and bone mineral density. However, creating these models can be time-consuming, costly and requires medical imaging. To address these limitations, population-based models have been successful in characterizing bone shape and density variation in adults. However, children are not small adults and need their own population-based model to generate accurate and accessible musculoskeletal geometry and bone mineral density in a paediatric population. Therefore, this study aimed to create a biomechanical research tool to predict the personalized shape and density of the paediatric femur using a statistical shape and density model for a population of children aged from 4 to 18 years old. Femur morphology and bone mineral density were extracted from 330 CT scans of children. Variations in shape and density were captured using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Principal components were correlated to demographic and linear bone measurements to create a predictive statistical shape-density model, which was used to predict femoral shape and density. A leave-one-out analysis showed that the shape-density model can predict the femur geometry with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.78 ± 0.46 mm and the bone mineral density with a normalized RMSE ranging from 8.9 % to 13.5 % across various femoral regions. These results underscore the model's potential to reflect real-world physiological variations in the paediatric femur. This statistical shape and density model has the potential for clinical application in rapidly generating personalized computational models using partial or no medical imaging data.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute performance fatigue on tibial bone strain during basketball maneuvers.","authors":"Chenxi Yan, Ryan J Bice, Jeff W Frame, Mariana E Kersh, Stuart J Warden","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tibia is one of the most common sites for bone stress injury (BSI) in active individuals. BSIs are thought to occur in response to damage accumulation from repetitive loading below the tissue's yield limit. The effect of fatigue on musculoskeletal biomechanics and tibial bone strain during athletic movements remains unclear. In this study, participant-specific finite element (FE) and musculoskeletal models in 10 collegiate-basketball players were used to analyze the effect of acute performance fatigue on joint kinematics and torques, ground reaction forces (GRFs), and the magnitude and distribution of tibial bone strains during select basketball maneuvers. Participants were fatigued by performing repeated exercises wearing a weighted vest until their vertical jump height decreased by 20 %. Fatigue reduced the vertical GRF during midstance of a jump task, and lowered hip and knee peak extension torques and ankle plantarflexion. However, fatigue had limited impact on tibial bone strain magnitude and distribution during jumping. In contrast, there was a shift in peak strain timing following fatigue during a lateral cut task and reduced strain at various times of stance during sprinting. The results suggest that fatigue was induced and, if anything, reduced tibial bone strain. As increased bone strain is thought to be associated with increased BSI risk, the reduced strain observed in the current study suggests that fatigue may actually be partly protective, possibly as a result of reduced muscle activation and force production.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of injury due to low bone mineral density in adults aged 55 years and older, 1990 to 2021: A population-based study.","authors":"Jiansheng Wang, Shaoting Luo, Fuxi Wang, Federico Canavese, Lianyong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the global burden of injuries due to low bone mineral density (BMD) among adults aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and analyzing trends across sexes, age groups, and sociodemographic index (SDI) regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. Joinpoint regression quantified temporal changes in mortality and DALYs, calculating average annual percentage change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort modeling elucidated demographic influences, and decomposition analysis identified key contributors to mortality changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, in 2021, the crude DALY rate for injuries due to low BMD was 900.32 (95 % UI: 742.64 to 1081.51) per 100,000, and the crude mortality rate was 27.04 (95 % UI: 22.49 to 30.75) per 100,000. The age-standardized mortality rate for injuries due to low BMD showed no significant change from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.26 %, P = 0.071), but there was a significant increase in countries with a high SDI (AAPC 0.51 %, P = 0.001). The burden of disease in persons aged 80 years and older remained substantial, with a slight increase. Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the main driver of increasing mortality and DALYs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the reductions in DALY rates, the mortality has remained stable worldwide; however, has risen significantly in high SDI countries. The substantial and slightly increasing burden of disease in people aged 80 years and older underscores the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and management of low BMD to mitigate the future global impact of these injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are balance and lower extremity muscle strength correlated with fracture risk independent of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women?: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Büşra Şirin Ahısha, Nurdan Paker","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of fractures due to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and impaired physical function. While fracture risk assessment tools like FRAX include clinical factors and BMD, they exclude functional measures such as balance and muscle strength, which are critical for fall prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between two functional tests- the 30-Second Sit to Stand Test (30STS) and the One Leg Stance Test (OLST)- and fracture risk, independent of BMD in postmenopausal women aged 50-70.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal women aged 50-70. Fracture risk was assessed using FRAX. Postural balance was evaluated using the OLST, while lower extremity muscle strength was measured with the 30STS. Both tests were analyzed for correlations with 10-year risks of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF), hip fractures, femoral neck BMD, and T-score at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Participants were grouped based on OLST (<10 s) and 30STS (<15 repetitions) cut-offs, and fracture risks were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OLST and 30STS scores were significantly negatively correlated with 10-year hip fracture risk (r = -0.347, p < 0.001 and r = -0.197, p = 0.014, respectively). A significant negative correlation was also observed between OLST scores and 10-year MOF risk (r = -0.245, p = 0.002). Participants with OLST <10 s had significantly higher 10-year hip and MOF risks, while those with 30STS <15 had significantly higher 10-year hip fracture risk only. No correlation was found with femoral neck BMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LST and 30STS are associated with fracture risk independent of BMD in postmenopausal women aged 50-70. These practical tests may help identify individuals at higher fracture risk and support early interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protection of nicotinamide riboside against diabetes mellitus-induced bone loss via OXPHOS.","authors":"Jie Gao, Xiangyuan Meng, Xingxiang Yang, Chenqi Xie, Chunyan Tian, Jianbao Gong, Junwei Zhang, Shiyou Dai, Tianlin Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bone.2025.117411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is a global disease that results in various complications, including diabetic osteoporosis. Prior studies have indicated a correlation between low levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) and diabetes-related complications. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a widely utilized precursor vitamin of NAD⁺, has been demonstrated to enhance age-related osteoporosis through the Sirt1/FOXO/β-catenin pathway in osteoblast progenitors. However, the impact of NR on bone health in diabetes mellitus remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the potential effects of NR on bone in diabetic mice. NR was administered to high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice (T2DM), and various parameters, including metabolic indicators, bone quality, bone metabolic markers, and RNA sequences, were measured. Our findings confirmed that HFD/STZ-induced T2DM impaired bone microstructures, resulting in bone loss. NR effectively ameliorated insulin resistance, improved bone microarchitecture, and bone quality, reduced bone resorption, enhanced the Forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling pathway, mitigated the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway, and ameliorated the disorder of the oxidative phosphorylation process (OXPHOS) in diabetic mice. In conclusion, NR demonstrated the capacity to alleviate T2DM-induced bone loss through the modulation of OXPHOS in type 2 diabetic mice. Our results underscore the potential of NR as a therapeutic target for addressing T2DM-related bone metabolism and associated diseases. Further cell-based studies under diabetic conditions, such as in vitro cultures of key cell types (e.g., osteoblasts and osteoclasts), are necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":93913,"journal":{"name":"Bone","volume":" ","pages":"117411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}