Biological research for nursing最新文献

{"title":"Advances in Supportive Therapy for Patients With Thalassemia: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Raditya Bagus Septian, Rafi Achmad Rukhama, Nisa Nur Hasanah","doi":"10.1177/10998004251406267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251406267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo analyze various innovative approaches in the supportive therapy of patients with thalassemia and to summarize the efficacy of different biomedical interventions from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT).MethodsThis systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251163054). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four major databases: Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Sage Journals. The inclusion criteria for this review involve patients with thalassemia, focus on the supportive therapy of thalassemia, conducted in healthcare settings, and employ a RCT design. The literature quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool for RCT. The data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach.ResultsFrom 2,394 records, 13 articles were identified. Luspatercept and Thalidomide were found to be the most effective in reducing transfusion dependence and increasing hemoglobin levels. For iron overload, Amlodipine and Spirulina significantly improved cardiac T2*, contributing to cardioprotection. Furthermore, Curcumin supplementation was shown to improve lipid metabolism and inhibit systemic inflammation. Meanwhile, therapies using Green Tea and Vitamin E were effective in reducing markers of cellular oxidative damage, with Green Tea also demonstrating dual efficacy in reducing serum ferritin (SF) and liver iron concentration (LIC).ConclusionOverall, new and adjuvant supportive therapies significantly support the biological management of patients with thalassemia. Further studies are required to integration between pharmacological therapies and nutraceutical approaches should be further explored to optimize improvements in hematological status, oxidative stress, and patients' metabolic profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"309-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Aquatic and Pilates Exercises Improve Pain, Mobility, Functional Disability, and Quality of Life in Women With Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Afshin Moghadasi, Fatemeh Mousavi","doi":"10.1177/10998004251388995","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251388995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common musculoskeletal condition that negatively impacts pain, mobility, functional ability, and quality of life, especially in women. While aquatic and Pilates exercises each offer benefits, limited research has explored their combined effects in LDH rehabilitation.ObjectiveTo compare the effects of aquatic exercise alone versus a combination of aquatic and Pilates exercises on pain, spinal mobility, functional disability, and quality of life in women with mild to moderate LDH.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 45 women aged 30-50 years with MRI-confirmed mild to moderate LDH were assigned to one of three groups: control (n = 15), aquatic exercise (n = 15), and combined aquatic + Pilates exercise (n = 15). The intervention lasted eight weeks, with three supervised sessions per week. Outcomes were assessed using the Visual Numeric Scale (pain), Modified-Modified Schober Test (mobility), Oswestry Disability Index (disability), and SF-36 (quality of life). Data were analyzed using mixed-model ANOVA and Scheffé post hoc tests.ResultsBoth intervention groups showed significant improvements in all outcomes compared to the control group (<i>p <</i> 0.001). The combined aquatic + Pilates group showed greater improvements in spinal mobility (<i>p</i> = 0.027), functional disability (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and quality of life (<i>p</i> = 0.046) compared to the aquatic-only group.ConclusionAn eight-week program combining aquatic and Pilates exercises is more effective than aquatic exercise alone for improving pain, mobility, disability, and quality of life in women with LDH. This multi-modal, non-invasive approach may enhance clinical rehabilitation outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"28 2","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrogen Stabilizes Interferon-Inducible Genes During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.","authors":"Tara Movaghar, Juli Petereit, Barbara St Pierre Schneider","doi":"10.1177/10998004251411301","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251411301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Inflammation is essential for skeletal muscle repair following acute injury, and successful muscle regeneration requires a balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling. Estrogen regulates inflammatory responses, suggesting a role in tissue repair. CD169+ macrophages are also associated with tissue repair. However, these cells and related interferon-inducible genes have not been investigated in regenerating muscle. <b>Objective:</b> To examine how 17β-estradiol treatment influences the expression and co-expression network of Siglec1 (encoding CD169), an interferon-inducible gene, during muscle regeneration. <b>Methods:</b> Ovariectomized mice received either 17β-estradiol or placebo before undergoing a standardized crush injury to hindlimb muscle groups and exposure to simulated flight. Mice were euthanized at 32-h, 96-h, or 192-h postinjury. Differential gene expression analysis was performed on injured muscles to assess treatment-related transcriptional changes, and additional muscles were evaluated for regeneration stage and CD169 protein expression. <b>Results:</b> At 192-h postinjury, Siglec1 was among the top upregulated genes in 17β-estradiol-treated mice relative to placebo mice, which reflected a decline in Siglec1 expression over time in the placebo group. Correlation analysis revealed that Siglec1 was strongly associated with interferon-related genes under placebo treatment, whereas the connectivity of Siglec1 under 17β-estradiol treatment was weakened. Immunohistochemistry confirmed stronger CD169 staining in regenerating muscle of 17β-estradiol-treated mice. <b>Conclusion:</b> Siglec1 expression is more stable in an estrogen state compared to an ovarian-hormone-deficient state. Understanding how estrogen deficiency alters inflammatory signaling after muscle injury may inform interventions to promote recovery in postmenopausal women, who may be at risk for impaired muscle repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"264-273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12929644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The HALP Index as a Bridge Between Nutrition, Inflammation, and Coagulation in Predicting DVT Risk in Stroke Patients.","authors":"Siqi Zhang, Shuangyang Niu, Yonghui Wang","doi":"10.1177/10998004251404366","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251404366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) index, a composite marker reflecting nutritional, inflammatory, and immune status, has been linked to various health outcomes. However, its role in predicting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurrence in stroke patients and its potential influence on coagulation biomarkers, particularly D-dimer, remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the association between the HALP index and the occurrence of DVT in stroke patients, exploring the potential moderating role of HALP in regulating D-dimer levels and DVT formation. A retrospective study was conducted with 611 stroke patients, categorized into quartiles based on HALP scores. Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and subgroup analyses stratified by age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and D-dimer levels were performed to assess the relationship between HALP and DVT. Moderation analysis was used to explore the regulatory effect of HALP on D-dimer levels. HALP levels were inversely associated with DVT occurrence. Patients in higher HALP quartiles (Q3: 33.40-47.93, Q4: 47.93-152.58) exhibited significantly lower odds of DVT (<i>p <</i> .001). RCS modeling identified a threshold effect, with a sharp increase in DVT occurrence below a HALP level of 33.5. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective association of higher HALP scores with reduced DVT incidence was consistent across all age groups and was significant in patients with both low and high D-dimer levels. This protective association was particularly strong in males (OR = 0.148) and overweight patients (OR = 0.089). The interaction between HALP and D-dimer was significant (<i>p <</i> .001), with HALP moderating the association between D-dimer and DVT occurrence. HALP is a strong, independent predictor of post-stroke DVT and moderates the prothrombotic impact of D-dimer. As a low-cost, integrative marker, HALP offers clinical value for early DVT occurrence stratification and individualized prevention strategies in stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"218-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of a Blue-Blocking Filter Over One Eye on Health and Performance Outcomes and Its Implications for Night Workers.","authors":"Mariana G Figueiro, John D Bullough, Muneer Rizvydeen, Barbara Plitnick, Weixin Li, Mark S Rea","doi":"10.1177/10998004251406550","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251406550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The higher risk for cancer documented among night-shift nurses compared to the day-shift nurses possibly results from lower melatonin levels associated with exposure to light at night in the work environment. Research demonstrates that eliminating spectral power <530 nm to both eyes prevents light-induced nocturnal melatonin suppression, and complete occlusion of one eye reduces melatonin suppression relative to that when both eyes are open. This study investigated whether filtering short wavelengths from one eye using a blue-blocking filter, rather than occluding one eye, would maintain high melatonin levels, alertness, and visual performance. This crossover, within-subjects study ran for six nights. Subjects experienced one of six light conditions involving combinations of binocular versus monocular and filtered versus unfiltered vision per night. Normalized melatonin concentration area under the curve (AUC_n) served as the primary outcome and the numerical verification (NVT) and go/no-go (GNG) performance tasks, pupil area, and subjective sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale [KSS]) served as secondary outcomes. Both filtered and unfiltered monocular light conditions resulted in significantly greater melatonin AUC_n than the unfiltered binocular light condition. Performance at the NVT and at the GNG was not affected by filtering one eye compared to the unfiltered binocular light condition, nor did it affect KSS ratings. Melatonin AUC_n positively correlated with pupil area for corresponding light conditions. In conclusion, filtering one eye can help preserve melatonin levels in night workers while maintaining alertness and visual performance, which could be a simple and effective solution for improving health in night-shift nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"242-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13056126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Methylation of <i>SLC6A4</i> and <i>NR3C1</i> in Term and Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study of NICU-Associated Stress.","authors":"Kathryn J Malin, Yvette Conley, Aleigha Barry, Rosemary White-Traut","doi":"10.1177/10998004251387628","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251387628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Preterm infants requiring prolonged hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are often exposed to early-life stress, which may contribute to long-term health consequences. Epigenetic markers, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm) of stress-related genes such as <i>SLC6A4</i> and <i>NR3C1</i>, have been identified as potential biomarkers of early-life stress. Limited research has compared DNAm patterns between term and preterm infants or examined associations between NICU-related stress and DNAm in preterm populations. <b>Objectives:</b> This pilot study aimed to (1) compare DNAm patterns between preterm and term infants, (2) examine relationships between NICU-related stress and DNAm alterations in preterm infants, and (3) explore DNAm changes over time in preterm infants. <b>Methods:</b> Buccal swabs were collected from 10 term and 23 preterm infants within the first week of life. Eleven preterm infants returned for a repeat sampling three months post discharge. The Neonatal Infant Stressor Scale (NISS) was used to calculate early-life stress. DNAm at specific CpG sites were analyzed using Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests and Spearman's rho correlations. <b>Results:</b> Preterm infants exhibited significantly different DNAm patterns at select CpG sites compared to term infants. Among preterm infants, higher NISS scores during hospitalization correlated with altered DNAm patterns in both genes. At three months post-discharge, new and persistent DNAm alterations were identified; although, total average DNAm did not significantly differ over time. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that NICU-related stress is associated with DNAm alterations in preterm infants, supporting the need for further investigation of DNAm as a biomarker of early-life stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"28 2","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination Against Immigrant Latina Mothers Associated With Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Their Preschool-Aged Children.","authors":"Rebeca Alvarado-Harris, Krista M Perreira, Hudson P Santos","doi":"10.1177/10998004251410515","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251410515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> For immigrant mothers navigating the challenges of an unfamiliar sociopolitical landscape, the burden of discrimination extends beyond their personal experiences. Over time, cumulative exposure to discrimination may shape the environments in which young children grow and develop, with potential biological effects across the lifespan. <b>Objectives:</b> This cross-sectional observational study examined (1) whether maternal experiences of post-migration discrimination in the past year are associated with pro-inflammatory gene expression in their preschool-aged children, and (2) the potential contributing roles of maternal depressive symptoms and child body mass index (BMI). <b>Methods:</b> Immigrant Latina mothers completed sociodemographic and psychosocial measures (acculturation, discrimination, depressive symptoms). Buccal swabs were collected from children to assess mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-8, IL-1β), and child BMI was measured. Analyses included 70 mother-child dyads with ≥1 valid biomarker. We fit a multivariate model with correlated residuals across biomarkers to test associations between experiences of maternal discrimination and child gene expression. <b>Results:</b> Most mothers (69%) reported experiencing discrimination in the past year, primarily due to race or ancestry. Children whose mothers reported more frequent experiences of discrimination had higher IL-8 (<i>B</i> = .05, <i>SE</i> = .01, <i>p</i> < .001) and IL-1β (<i>Β</i> = .03, <i>SE</i> = .01, <i>p</i> = .03) mRNA expression. Associations persisted after adjusting for maternal depressive symptoms and child BMI. <b>Conclusions:</b> Early life experiences that devalue immigrants and their children may be critical predictors of health disparities that develop after migration. Cultivating welcoming environments for immigrant families may help support children's potential and broader community resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"254-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12912277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sex-Based Mechanisms of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Stephanie Buxhoeveden, Theresa Swift-Scanlan, Myla D Goldman, Ryan Canissario, Unsong Oh","doi":"10.1177/10998004251387318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10998004251387318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by both immune-mediated inflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. While both processes occur in all individuals with MS, females more often present with heightened inflammatory activity, whereas males tend toward accelerated neurodegeneration and disability progression. This review synthesizes current evidence on biological, hormonal, genetic, epigenetic, and environmental mechanisms underlying sex-based differences in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), the most common MS subtype. We integrate findings from human studies, animal models, and molecular research to examine the contribution of genetics and epigenetic regulation including sex chromosomes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) to MS pathophysiology. We discuss the influence of sex hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone, and environmental risk factors such as Epstein-Barr virus infection and vitamin D3 deficiency. Evidence suggests that X-linked immune-related genes, hormone - immune interactions, and sex-specific epigenetic regulation shape differential immune responses and neuronal vulnerability in males and females with MS. miRNAs emerge as critical molecular bridges linking genetic susceptibility, hormonal milieu, and environmental exposures to downstream inflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways. Understanding the mechanisms driving sex differences in MS may enable the development of targeted interventions addressing both neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Integrated miRNA - mRNA analyses, explicitly powered to assess sex as a biological variable, hold promise for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Such approaches could inform more personalized treatment strategies and improve long-term outcomes for all people with MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":"28 2","pages":"283-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Theoretical Intersection of Plant-Based Diets, Alzheimer's, and Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Tricia Rae VanCleef, Emily J Jones","doi":"10.1177/10998004261439115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004261439115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are significant health concerns for older adults globally. Plant-based diets (PBDs) are a potential non-invasive lifestyle strategy to address the risk factors common to both conditions. Research on plant-based diets and older adults is limited, especially when it comes to the overlap between the development of CVD and AD. This theoretical paper examines the relationships between PBDs, AD, and CVD through the integration of six theories and concepts: the vascular hypothesis, microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) theory, neurovascular unit (NVU) theory, antioxidant theory, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and mitochondrial dysfunction. By integrating these theories and concepts, a comprehensive model is provided for understanding how plant-based diets may mitigate both AD and CVD through shared pathophysiological pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"10998004261439115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychobiological Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Veterans: Associations Among PTSD, Homocysteine, and B Vitamins.","authors":"Christina Coyle","doi":"10.1177/10998004261433527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004261433527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, yet the biological mechanisms linking psychological trauma to cardiovascular risk remain incompletely understood. Disruptions in one-carbon metabolism, reflected by elevated homocysteine and altered folate and vitamin B12 levels, contribute to vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction and may represent a modifiable pathway linking PTSD to CVD. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among physiological biomarkers (homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12), PTSD diagnosis, PTSD treatment participation, and CVD risk in a veteran population. A quantitative, comparative retrospective chart review was conducted among 279 U.S. veterans with documented homocysteine levels. CVD risk was categorized as high or low-to-moderate based on metabolic and vascular risk factors. Logistic regression, odds ratios, and chi-square analyses were used to examine predictors of CVD risk and elevated homocysteine. The Neuman Systems Model guided variable selection and interpretation. Elevated homocysteine was significantly associated with age, gender, race, systolic blood pressure, folate, vitamin B12, PTSD diagnosis (OR = 4.31, 95% CI [1.36-13.61]), and CVD risk (OR = 3.50, 95% CI [1.01-12.05]). Participation in PTSD treatment was significantly associated with homocysteine levels (OR = 6.43, 95% CI [2.02-20.45]). Findings support homocysteine as a clinically relevant biomarker linking PTSD and cardiovascular risk. The association between PTSD treatment and homocysteine suggests psychological interventions may influence biological pathways relevant to cardiovascular health, underscoring the value of biomarker-informed nursing assessment in trauma-exposed populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93901,"journal":{"name":"Biological research for nursing","volume":" ","pages":"10998004261433527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}