Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme最新文献

{"title":"Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology Annual Conference.","authors":"","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"S1-S83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobilizing knowledge generated from Canadian Institutes of Health Research-Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (CIHR-INMD) food and health strategic research funding.","authors":"M J Makarchuk, N D Rosenblum","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does level of breast support differentially affect exertional symptoms and respiratory system responses in large- and small-breasted women during treadmill exercise?","authors":"Camilla R Illidi, Dennis Jensen","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0043","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed how different levels of breast support affected exertional symptoms and respiratory responses in small- and large-breasted females during treadmill exercise. Twenty recreationally-active females (mean ± SD age: 22 ± 2 years) were divided into small (SBV: 322±77 mL) and large breast volume (LBV: 580±88 mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>g</i> = 2.98) groups. Participants completed three 5 min bouts of treadmill exercise at 30%, 60%, and 90% of individual peak power output (PPO)-corresponding to walking, low-intensity running, and high-intensity running-wearing either a high-support or low-support sports bra (randomized). Measurements included cardiorespiratory variables, operating lung volumes, inspiratory muscle electromyographic, respiratory muscle pressures, breast acceleration, and exertional symptoms (breathlessness, chest tightness due to bra). High- versus low-support sports bras reduced mean breast acceleration (<i>p <</i> 0.001, <math><msubsup><mi>η</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </math> =0.55), but evoked higher ratings of chest tightness (<i>p =</i> 0.040, <math><msubsup><mi>η</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </math> =0.16) in LBV participants at low- and high-intensity running (<i>g</i> = 1.09 and <i>g</i> = 0.99, respectively). Although breathlessness was not significantly different by bra or breast volume (all <i>p</i> > 0.05), LBV participants consistently reported breathlessness intensity and unpleasantness ≥ 1 Borg unit (BU) higher than SBV participants during low- and high-intensity running (breathlessness intensity: ∼5 vs. ∼3 BU at 60% PPO; ∼9 vs. ∼7 BU at 90% PPO; breathlessness unpleasantness: ∼4 vs. ∼2 BU at 60% PPO, ∼8 vs. ∼6 BU at 90% PPO). There were no differences in cardiorespiratory variables, inspiratory muscle activity, operating lung volumes between breast volume groups or sports bras (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). We emphasize the importance of addressing subjective discomfort, including chest tightness and breathlessness, when developing effective breast support for weight-bearing exercise, especially for larger-breasted individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144277009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cumulative effects of consecutive days of prolonged, physical work or activity on heat strain and physical performance: a systematic review.","authors":"Daniel C Moore, Sean R Notley, Brad Aisbett, Luana C Main","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0391","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With climate warming, there is an urgent need to understand the health effects of occupational heat exposure. This systematic review examined the cumulative effects of consecutive days of prolonged physical work or activity on heat strain and physical performance. Electronic databases MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, PsychInfo, and Academic Search Complete were searched until July 2024 with terms related to work, consecutive days, and heat. Studies were included if they involved ≥4 h of physical work/activity on ≥2 consecutive days, and included a measure of heat strain (e.g., core temperature) or physical performance (e.g., repetitions). After removing duplicates, 6030 studies were screened (title and abstract), 133 progressed to full-text screening, and 33 met the inclusion criteria with risk of bias assessed. However, only five studies used standardized environmental and work conditions across days. Synthesis of the cumulative effects (without meta-analysis) was therefore restricted to these studies. None observed a cumulative impact on heat strain, as indexed by a higher core temperature or heart rate compared to day 1. None reported a reduction in physical task performance across days. These findings indicate that the cumulative effects of occupational heat exposure on heat strain and physical task performance were minimal, although evidence supporting this conclusion is sparse. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023452936.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study: the effect of intensity and menstrual cycle phase on exercise-induced leukocytosis in females.","authors":"Vito A Pipitone, Daniel L Scurto, Joey Pozzi, Fasih A Rahman, Joe Quadrilatero, Kevin J Milne","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0344","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-intensity exercise increases inflammation and elicits leukocytosis but may also increase infection risk. Interestingly, females have higher cell-mediated immunity than males. Sex hormones fluctuate across the menstrual cycle (MC), and the luteal phase has been linked to a more pro-inflammatory environment than the follicular phase. This study investigated whether white blood cell (WBC) count and WBC differential (i.e., neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils) differed across two MC phases following an acute bout of exercise that varied in intensity. Eight regularly menstruating females (age = 21.6 ± 3.0; BMI = 20.9 ± 4.1 kg/m²) completed a <math> <mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow> <mo>˙</mo></mover> <msub><mtext>O</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> peak (37.8 ± 11.0 mL/min/kg) test and two 40 min cycling exercise trials (30 min of moderate intensity (%HRmax = 71.13 ± 8.5, % <math> <mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow> <mo>˙</mo></mover> <msub><mtext>O</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> peak = 49.8 ± 21.6) and ∼10 min of high intensity (%HRmax = 93.3 ± 6.7, % <math> <mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow> <mo>˙</mo></mover> <msub><mtext>O</mtext> <mn>2</mn></msub> </math> peak = 75.4 ± 27.6)) 14 ± 2 days apart. Blood samples were taken pre- and post-moderate-intensity exercise (30 min), as well as immediately post-high-intensity exercise (∼40 min). Both moderate- and high-intensity exercise increased WBC counts (<i>p</i> < 0.01, (<i>d</i> = 1.11 and 1.34, respectively)). More specifically, neutrophil counts increased following both moderate (<i>p</i> < 0.05, <i>d</i> = 0.72) and high (<i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>d</i> = 0.95) exercise intensities. However, lymphocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>d</i> = 1.15) and monocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>d</i> = 0.99) were only elevated following high-intensity exercise. MC phase did not significantly alter WBC counts nor differentials, although there were trends observed towards greater leukocytosis at moderate-intensity exercise during the luteal phase. These results demonstrate that in some cases moderate-intensity exercise increased leukocytosis (in particular, neutrophils), while high-intensity exercise resulted in significant leukocytosis primarily as a result of increased neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Future research should investigate this relationship in a larger sample observing inflammatory cytokines and WBC function/activity with the inclusion of a group in the early follicular phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on interval training for health and performance.","authors":"Jonathan P Little, Martin J Gibala","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The conversation around malnutrition: a qualitative study of dietitian and patient perspectives.","authors":"Michelle St-Jacques, Nancy Verdin, Jennifer Easaw, Shelly Longmore, Marlis Atkins, Catherine Chan, Chelsia Gillis","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malnutrition is prevalent among older adults in Canada and it can be mitigated through personalized dietitian-led counselling. This qualitative study aimed to explore how malnutrition is communicated and perceived, providing insight for future care. This multisite qualitative study was conducted in Alberta and Quebec, Canada. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling to target patients ≥65 years old who spoke French or English, had a malnutrition diagnosis, and received counseling for malnutrition from a dietitian. Dietitians who had worked directly with patients ≥65 years old with a diagnosis of malnutrition were recruited through advertisement. Semi-structured interviews were recorded both in person and over the phone. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Twenty-five patients and 10 dietitians were interviewed, producing five themes (two dietitian themes and three patient themes). First, <i>diagnosing malnutrition</i>: dietitians highlighted challenges in diagnosing malnutrition due to limited support and resources. Second, <i>using the</i> \"<i>M</i>\" <i>word</i>: dietitians hesitated to use the term \"malnutrition\" with patients. Third: <i>knowing I'm malnourished</i>: patients reported not being informed of their diagnosis. Fourth, <i>what is malnutrition</i>? Patients revealed the word sounds extreme and unrelatable. Reactions to the diagnosis varied: acceptance, shock, detached, and neutral. Finally, <i>stigma and blame</i>: some patients distanced themselves from the stigma by rationalizing their nutrition problems. Gaps in management of malnutrition were identified. Future research should focus on how to communicate the diagnosis to improve outcomes for malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience capacity in older women engaged in resistance training: physiological and functional adaptations to training interruption imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic followed by retraining.","authors":"Marcelo A S Carneiro, Paulo Ricardo P Nunes, Jarlisson Francsuel, Felipe Lisboa, Natã Stavinski, Nelson H Carneiro, Cláudio O Assumpção, Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto, Eduardo L Cadore, Edilson S Cyrino","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Novelty: </strong>Two years of training interruption imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic impair physiological and functional outcomes in older women engaged in resistance training. Retraining led to resilience capacity only in muscular strength gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The client's goals are my primary responsibility\": a qualitative study examining clinical and food services dietitians' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to incorporating environmentally sustainable food systems in healthcare settings.","authors":"Katy Saucis, Jessica Wegener, Liesel Carlsson, Tracy Everitt","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current industrial food systems are not sustainable; they threaten future generations and cause rapid environmental degradation. Shifts to more sustainable food systems (SFS) and associated dietary practices can help reduce the carbon footprint and promote environmental sustainability. Dietitians working in healthcare settings can impact SFS initiatives. This study explored dietitians' SFS practices and their perceptions of the barriers and facilitators within healthcare settings. This study analyzed secondary data from a survey of dietitians in Canada, the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, and the United States (US). A convenience sample of dietitians was recruited through national dietetic associations, professional networks, social media, listservs and snowball sampling. Responses were isolated for dietitians working in clinical and food service practice areas and analyzed thematically. The socio-ecological framework was used to understand areas where dietitians have influence within healthcare settings. Across four countries, clinical and food services dietitians (n=111) are incorporating SFS into practice in healthcare settings through education, communication, and workplace-related activities. Barriers included operational and organizational factors (competing priorities), external factors (rising food costs), practice area constraints (limited role clarity), and concern for the client-practitioner relationship (CPR). The CPR tension emerged as a particular challenge for clinical dietitians in incorporating SFS into patient counselling. Facilitators included organizational factors (leadership), research and educational resources, personal factors (interest), and practical tools and resources (e.g. national food guides). This study underscores the important work that dietitians are already doing across countries with different yet comparable dietetic professions and health systems. Recognizing that the barriers and facilitators identified in this research will vary between nations, institutions and practitioners, four areas of consideration were suggested, including expanding the client-practitioner relationship to include planetary health; learning from what dietetics and nutrition professionals are doing in other countries; advocating for policy and organizational changes within healthcare, and communicating in the language of decision-makers. This study identified that there may be gaps for some dietitians in understanding client-centredness in the context of planetary health. This exploratory work calls for further research to understand how best to support those with specific health conditions in planetary health. SSHRC Insight Development Grant 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"S1-S90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of maximal glycolytic rate from ergometer to on-water sprinting in elite canoe polo players.","authors":"Benedikt Meixner, Manuel Matzka, Billy Sperlich","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0450","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Maximal glycolytic rate is not transferable between ergometer and on-water settings in canoe players. Calculated glycolytic contribution is highly correlated to power output on the ergometer. νLa_max is moderately correlated to on-water performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}