Sarah Kohn Loizzo, Melissa A Prah, Min J Kong, Daniel Phung, Javier C Urcuyo, Jason Ye, Frank J Attenello, Jesse Mendoza, Yuxiang Zhou, Mark S Shiroishi, Leland S Hu, Kathleen M Schmainda
{"title":"Multisite Benchmark Study for Standardized Relative CBV in Untreated Brain Metastases Using the DSC-MRI Consensus Acquisition Protocol.","authors":"Sarah Kohn Loizzo, Melissa A Prah, Min J Kong, Daniel Phung, Javier C Urcuyo, Jason Ye, Frank J Attenello, Jesse Mendoza, Yuxiang Zhou, Mark S Shiroishi, Leland S Hu, Kathleen M Schmainda","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8531","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>A national consensus recommendation for the collection of DSC-MRI perfusion data, used to create maps of relative CBV (rCBV), has been recently established for primary and metastatic brain tumors. The goal was to reduce intersite variability and improve ease of comparison across time and sites, fostering widespread use of this informative measure. To translate this goal into practice, the prospective collection of consensus DSC-MRI data and characterization of derived rCBV maps in brain metastases is needed. The purpose of this multisite study was to determine rCBV in untreated brain metastases in comparison to glioblastoma (GBM) and normal-appearing brain by using the national consensus protocol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Subjects from 3 sites with untreated enhancing brain metastases underwent DSC-MRI according to a recommended option that uses a midrange flip angle, GRE-EPI acquisition, and the administration of both a preload and second DSC-MRI dose of 0.1 mmol/kg gadolinium-based contrast agent. Quantitative maps of standardized relative CBV (srCBV) were generated and enhancing lesion ROIs determined from postcontrast T1-weighted images alone or calibrated difference maps, termed Δ T1 (dT1) maps. Mean srCBV for metastases were compared with normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and GBM from a previous study. Comparisons were performed by using either the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired comparisons or the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> nonparametric test for unpaired comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine patients with a primary histology of lung (<i>n =</i> 25), breast (<i>n =</i> 6), squamous cell carcinoma (<i>n =</i> 1), melanoma (<i>n =</i> 5), gastrointestinal (GI) (<i>n =</i> 3), and genitourinary (GU) (<i>n =</i> 9) were included in comparison to GBM (<i>n =</i> 31). The mean srCBV of all metastases (1.83±1.05) were significantly lower (<i>P</i> = .0009) than mean srCBV for GBM (2.67 ± 1.34) with both statistically greater (<i>P</i> < .0001) than NAWM (0.68 ± 0.18). Histologically distinct metastases are each statistically greater than NAWM (<i>P</i> < .0001) with lung (<i>P</i> = .0002) and GU (<i>P</i> = .02) srCBV being significantly different from GBM srCBV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using the consensus DSC-MRI protocol, mean srCBV values were determined for treatment-naïve brain metastases in comparison to normal-appearing white matter and GBM thus setting the benchmark for all subsequent studies adherent to the national consensus recommendation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"529-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Cortese, Sherief Ghozy, Parya Valizadeh, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Melika Amoukhteh, Payam Jannatdoust, Amir Hassankhani, Ali Ahmadzade, Dan Adrian Popica, David F Kallmes, Ramanathan Kadirvel
{"title":"Initial Experience with the Pipeline Vantage Flow Diverter for Intracranial Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jonathan Cortese, Sherief Ghozy, Parya Valizadeh, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Melika Amoukhteh, Payam Jannatdoust, Amir Hassankhani, Ali Ahmadzade, Dan Adrian Popica, David F Kallmes, Ramanathan Kadirvel","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8555","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Pipeline Vantage Flow diverter (Vantage) is the latest generation of Pipeline flow diverters introducing Cobalt-chronium drawn-filled tubing and 48 to 68 wires.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We report the initial safety and efficacy of Vantage in treating intracranial aneurysms in the published literature.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to established protocols. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web-of-Science, and Embase databases up to December 2023. Original studies reporting treatment outcomes for intracranial aneurysms using Vantage in more than five patients were included.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Pooled data from 5 studies (373 patients, 418 aneurysms) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Outcomes of interest were: technical success, occlusion rates, complication outcomes and mortality.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>A technical success rate of 99.2% (95% CI: 98.29%-100%) was found. In unruptured cases, success rate was 378/383 (99.6%) versus 17/20 (85.0%) in ruptured cases (<i>P</i> < .01). Complete occlusion rate was 74.3% (95% CI: 67.43%-80.59%), with no significant difference between ruptured and unruptured cases (<i>P</i> = 0.72); median of follow up 6 months. Overall mortality rate was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.01%-3.64%), significantly higher in ruptured (18.6%; 95% CI: 5.13%-36.26%) versus unruptured cases (0.23%; 95% CI: 0%-1.36%) (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Hemorrhagic complications occurred at 1% (95% CI: 0%-3.36%) pooled rate. Thromboembolic complications were reported at 6.1% (95% CI: 2.60%-10.73%), decreasing to 4.35% (95% CI: 1.91%-7.54%) after excluding one outlier study.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Only five studies, some with small number of patients, were included in this meta-analysis which may limit the generalizability of our findings. The absence of long term follow-up also limits the assessment of treatment durability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this meta-analysis, we found that Vantage initial experience is similar to previous version of the Pipeline Embolization Device in terms of safety and efficacy for treatment of intracranial aneurysms, in particular unruptured aneurysms. Further prospective and comparative studies with patient outcome data specific to aneurysm location are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of Vantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"510-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Thaler, Bogdana Tokareva, Rabea Wentz, Christian Heitkamp, Matthias Bechstein, Noel van Horn, Vincent Geest, Lasse Dührsen, Hanno S Meyer, Maxim Bester, Jens Fiehler, Lukas Meyer
{"title":"Risk Factors for Unfavorable Functional Outcome after Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.","authors":"Christian Thaler, Bogdana Tokareva, Rabea Wentz, Christian Heitkamp, Matthias Bechstein, Noel van Horn, Vincent Geest, Lasse Dührsen, Hanno S Meyer, Maxim Bester, Jens Fiehler, Lukas Meyer","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8511","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Cerebral vasospasm remains a strong predictor of poor outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Endovascular treatment of vasospasm can be considered when conservative treatment options are exhausted, but its superiority over standard treatment remains a subject of critical debate. This study focuses on patients with clinically relevant vasospasm after aSAH who underwent endovascular vasospasm treatment and aims to analyze patients' individual risk factors, intensity, and extent of cerebral vasospasm associated with poor functional outcomes after aSAH.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with aSAH admitted at a tertiary stroke center between January 2016 and December 2022. Patients with medically refractory cerebral vasospasm necessitating at least 1 endovascular intervention were analyzed. Primary end point was defined as functional outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores after 6 months. Secondary end point was the occurrence of cerebral infarctions following cerebral vasospasm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 138 patients received endovascular treatment due to cerebral vasospasm, including 322 treatments, with 78 patients receiving more than 1 endovascular treatment. In 65.2% (90) of patients, cerebral vasospasm developed in both hemispheres; in 16.7% (23), cerebral vasospasm occurred involving the posterior circulation; and in 10.1% (14), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed an association of higher age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.05, 95% CI: 1.0-1.1), higher Hunt and Hess grades (aOR, 2.12, 95% CI: 1.38-3.24), the occurrence of rebleeding (aOR, 4.97, 95% CI: 1.0-24.65), and bihemispheric vasospasm (aOR, 4.05, 95% CI: 1.4-11.72) with unfavorable outcome (mRS 3-6). Further analysis showed that higher age (aOR, 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.13) was associated with an increased risk of developing vasospasm-associated infarctions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate an association between bihemispheric cerebral vasospasm and poor functional outcomes after aSAH. This finding supports a more aggressive treatment strategy in patients developing bihemispheric vasospasm to prevent unfavorable disease courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"495-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clare E Buntrock, Ceren Dinçer, Onur Tuncer, Matthew White, Alexis Swensen, Mark Folkertsma, Can Özütemiz
{"title":"DSC MR Perfusion at 7T MRI: An Initial Single-Center Study for Validity and Practicability.","authors":"Clare E Buntrock, Ceren Dinçer, Onur Tuncer, Matthew White, Alexis Swensen, Mark Folkertsma, Can Özütemiz","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8513","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>DSC perfusion is an advanced imaging technique routinely used at 1.5T and 3T MRI. However, its utility is not well known in 7T MRI systems. We aim to evaluate if DSC perfusion is a valid and practicable tool at 7T MRI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A successful DSC perfusion was performed in 9 patients with an FDA-approved 7T MRI system (Siemens Terra with 1tx/32rx Nova head coil) in 2023. Half-dose contrast was administered by hand, followed by saline flush. Acquisition was initiated 45 seconds before contrast injection. Voxel size was 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. Perfusion maps were generated by using either SyngoVia or DynaSuite software. Parameters including relative CBV (rCBV), relative CBF (rCBF), relative MTT (rMTT), and relative TTP (rTTP) were measured in 5 anatomic locations bilaterally (precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, corona radiata, thalamus, occipital cortex) and enhancing lesions if present. Normalized ratios of rCBV (nrCBV), rCBF (nrCBF), rMTT (nrMTT), and rTTP (nrTTP) were calculated and compared on boxplots. Two neuroradiologists reviewed each scan visually by using a 5-point Likert scale regarding imaging quality and artifacts. Qualitative and quantitative assessments were made on DSC perfusion in cases with enhanced target lesions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Uploading the source images to imaging software took approximately 30 minutes to a few hours. In a few circumstances, large data caused software crashes. Map generation took approximately 10-15 minutes. Susceptibility artifacts varied from mild to moderate in cerebellum, temporal lobes, brainstem, and basal ganglia and none to minimal in the frontal, occipital, and parietal gyri. Map quality was excellent to reasonably good for all cases. The nrCBV, nrCBF, nrMTT, and nrTTP resulted in similar measurements for each anatomic area. Six target lesions were assessed in 2 different patients with well to excellent visualization on fused maps. Three lesions were characterized as tumor progression (1 biopsy-confirmed, 2 unconfirmed), 1 lesion as indeterminant (regressed in follow-up), and 2 lesions as radiation necrosis (1 stable, 1 regressed on follow-up).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite limitations with postprocessing issues, it is possible to reliably measure nrCBV, nrCBF, nrMTT, and nrTTP values with DSC perfusion by using a clinical 7T MRI system, and qualitatively, excellent or reasonably good fusion maps can be generated with high resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"627-634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technical Tips for CT-Guided Fibrin Glue Patching of CSF-Venous Fistulas.","authors":"Mark D Mamlouk","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibrin glue patching can be an effective treatment for CSF-venous fistulas, along with transvenous embolization and surgical ligation.<sup>1,2</sup> The technique differs from routine epidural patching, which is typically targeted in the dorsal or ventral epidural spaces. Instead, fibrin glue patching for CSF-venous fistulas is specifically targeted to the venous drainage pattern.<sup>3</sup> There are 3 main locations to target: 1) the cyst-vein junction, 2) paravertebral \"wall,\" and 3) direct cyst puncture, and the goal is to sever the connection between the cyst and vein. In this video, technical tips for successful patching will be illustrated for these target locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":"46 3","pages":"597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143559742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Girish Bathla, Amit K Agarwal, Steven A Messina, David F Black, Neetu Soni, Felix E Diehn, Norbert G Campeau, Vance T Lehman, Kenneth J Warrington, Rennie L Rhee, Thorsten A Bley
{"title":"Imaging Findings in Giant Cell Arteritis: Don't Turn a Blind Eye to the Obvious!","authors":"Girish Bathla, Amit K Agarwal, Steven A Messina, David F Black, Neetu Soni, Felix E Diehn, Norbert G Campeau, Vance T Lehman, Kenneth J Warrington, Rennie L Rhee, Thorsten A Bley","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8388","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary large vessel systemic vasculitis in the Western World. Even though the involvement of scalp and intracranial vessels has received much attention in the neuroradiology literature, GCA, being a systemic vasculitis, can involve multiple other larger vessels including the aorta and its major head and neck branches. Herein, the authors present a pictorial review of the various cranial, extracranial, and orbital manifestations of GCA. An increased awareness of this entity may help with timely and accurate diagnosis, helping expedite therapy and preventing serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"457-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atin Saha, Haley Gibbs, Kyung K Peck, Onur Yildirim, Parsa Nilchian, Sasan Karimi, Eric Lis, Vilma Kosović, Andrei I Holodny
{"title":"Comprehensive Review of the Utility of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for the Diagnosis and Treatment Assessment of Spinal Benign and Malignant Osseous Disease.","authors":"Atin Saha, Haley Gibbs, Kyung K Peck, Onur Yildirim, Parsa Nilchian, Sasan Karimi, Eric Lis, Vilma Kosović, Andrei I Holodny","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8398","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional MRI is currently the preferred imaging technique for detection and evaluation of malignant spinal lesions. However, this technique is limited in its ability to assess tumor viability. Unlike conventional MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI provides insight into the physiologic and hemodynamic characteristics of malignant spinal tumors and has been utilized in different types of spinal diseases. DCE has been shown to be especially useful in the cancer setting; specifically, DCE can discriminate between malignant and benign vertebral compression fractures as well as between atypical hemangiomas and metastases. DCE has also been shown to differentiate between different types of metastases. Furthermore, DCE can be useful in the assessment of radiation therapy for spinal metastases, including the prediction of tumor recurrence. This review considers data analysis methods utilized in prior studies of DCE-MRI data acquisition and clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"465-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alice M L Santilli, Mark A Fontana, Erwin E Xia, Zenas Igbinoba, Ek Tsoon Tan, Darryl B Sneag, J Levi Chazen
{"title":"AI-Generated Synthetic STIR of the Lumbar Spine from T1 and T2 MRI Sequences Trained with Open-Source Algorithms.","authors":"Alice M L Santilli, Mark A Fontana, Erwin E Xia, Zenas Igbinoba, Ek Tsoon Tan, Darryl B Sneag, J Levi Chazen","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8512","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Lumbar spine MRIs can be time consuming, stressful for patients, and costly to acquire. In this work, we train and evaluate open-source generative adversarial network (GAN) to create synthetic lumbar spine MRI STIR volumes from T1 and T2 sequences, providing a proof-of-concept that could allow for faster MRI examinations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 1817 MRI examinations with sagittal T1, T2, and STIR sequences were accumulated and randomly divided into training, validation, and test sets. A GAN was trained to create synthetic STIR volumes by using the T1 and T2 volumes as inputs, optimized with the validation set, and then applied to the test set. Acquired and synthetic test set volumes were independently evaluated in a blinded, randomized fashion by 3 radiologists specializing in musculoskeletal imaging and neuroradiology. Readers assessed image quality, motion artifacts, perceived likelihood of the volume being acquired or synthetic, and the presence of 7 pathologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal model leveraged a customized loss function that accentuated foreground pixels, achieving a structural similarity imaging metric of 0.842, mean absolute error of 0.028, and peak signal-to-noise ratio of 26.367. Radiologists could distinguish synthetic from acquired volumes; however, the synthetic volumes were of equal or better quality in 77% of test patients and demonstrated equivalent or decreased motion artifacts in 78% of test patients. For common pathologies, the synthetic volumes had high positive predictive value (75%-100%) but lower sensitivity (0%-67%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work links objective computer vision performance metrics and subject clinical evaluation of synthetic spine MRIs by using open-source and reproducible methodologies. High-quality synthetic volumes are generated, reproducing many important pathologies and demonstrating a potential means for expediting imaging protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"552-558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":"46 3","pages":"644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143559364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamie E Clarke, John Manov, Josephine M Ndolo, Tangayi Githu, Khushi Saigal, Gaurav Saigal
{"title":"Imaging of the Hyrtl Fissure: A Rare Cause of Congenital CSF Otorrhea.","authors":"Jamie E Clarke, John Manov, Josephine M Ndolo, Tangayi Githu, Khushi Saigal, Gaurav Saigal","doi":"10.3174/ajnr.A8525","DOIUrl":"10.3174/ajnr.A8525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyrtl fissure is a rare cause of congenital CSF otorrhea in infants, with only a few cases previously described in the English literature. Given the predisposition to repeated ear and intracranial infections, identification of this bony anomaly is critical in the diagnosis and management of recurrent meningitis or otitis media in a child, especially in the presence of CSF otorrhea. We describe 3 cases of this entity with a specific focus on the embryologic basis of the etiology and conventional and advanced imaging features of this unique entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93863,"journal":{"name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"580-582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}