International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Fermented Fish Entrails and Used Diaper Gel as Culture Medium of Tomato Plant (Solanum Lycopersicum)","authors":"Christian Sthephen M. Marquez, Vilma Muega Geronimo","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0503004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0503004","url":null,"abstract":"The battle of human to safeguard his existence enables him to develop his state of living, but the cost of his actions drastically changes his environment today. In a country like Philippines, pollution, inadequate solid waste disposal, excessive flooding in urban areas, and even loss of fertile land are results of urbanization and modernization thus most agricultural lands are converted into commercial lands.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81612044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Rainfall Variability at Adwa District, Central Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"Mekonnen Yibrah, TilahunDandesa, Bekele Kebebe, Bezuneh Sego","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0501001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0501001","url":null,"abstract":"Climate variability and change are affecting the whole world (IPCC, 2007). The impacts are significantly negative on rain fed agriculture (Travis et al., 2010) on which the economies of most developing countries depend (Lamboll et al., 2011) with less adaptive capacity (Michael, 2006; Yesuf et al., 2008; UN-OHRLLS, 2009). Particularly, many low income countries, located in the tropical and sub-tropical region are vulnerable to shifting and variable climate (Joachim, 2008).","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73222656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Prototype Wastewater Treatment Plant for Selected Households","authors":"Eunice MacPepple, C. Egwuonwu, F. Orji, Stephena E. Tolubanwo","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0503008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0503008","url":null,"abstract":"Around the globe, solid and liquid waste are naturally generated anywhere humans are found. The higher the population of an area, the more quantity of waste generated. Sewage in most parts of Nigeria is usually collected in septic tanks from residential houses, institutions, recreational and commercial areas, left there until the tanks are full, and then evacuated by the government environmental authorities. In Rivers State there is only one known sewage treatment plant in Eagle Island, Port-Harcourt, which is scarcely adequate to serve the municipality alone. Due to this incapacity, a lot of sewage collection vehicles dispose of the collected raw sewage directly into rivers, gutters and other surface waters in and around the city. Some residents who cannot afford to pay the collection vehicles simply evacuate their filled septic tanks directly into surrounding soils. This situation is even worse in towns and villages situated in the coastal areas of Rivers State, where raw sewage is directly dumped into the receiving waters on a daily basis.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89336728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Abandoned Broken Down Vehicles on Road Users in Port Harcourt Metropolis: Implications for Efficient Urban Transportation Planning","authors":"C. Wizor, S. Arokoyu","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0503006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0503006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the impact of abandoned broken down vehicle on road users in Port Harcourt Metropolis and Nigeria in general. At present, not much has been done about the subject matter but great damage has been traceable to it both at workplaces and mobility at large. The importance of considering the impact of abandoned broken down vehicles on road users in urban areas cannot be over emphasised. According to FRSC (2015), the road transport system accounted for over 75% of mobility needs in Nigeria. The abandonment and near collapse of the rail system by successive Federal Governments and the high cost of air travels have put quite a lot of pressure on the nation’s road transport industry. It is therefore imperative that plans should be formulated and executed on how free accessibility can be possible to reduce pressure on roads for vehicles, passengers and other road users.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83040767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Relative Humidity in New Halfa Agricultural Scheme (Sudan)","authors":"T. Mohamed, H. M. Hassan, Mahmoud Abdelrahim Abdelgiom","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0502004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0502004","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of the Aswan High Dam, in the early 1960’s, was a huge disaster to the Sudanese Nubians living in the border town of Wadi Halfa and the neighboring villages. The dam buried the oldest civilization land in Africa which back to more than 3000 B.C under its water. Consequently, more than 50,000 Sudanese Nubians (Halfawien) had to be relocated to new villages in northeastern Sudan near to the Atbara River called New Halfa, about 850 kilometers southeast of their original homes [1,2]. It is one of the largest centrally planned and executed human relocations in the world history [3]. Several observers of the exodus operations alarm that a large amount of Nubian’s mineral wealth might have been obscured in the lake waters. But the humanitarian factor in the evacuation of Nubians to their new residences is definitely the worst one.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88262794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonality in Particulates Distribution from Dumpsites in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A Health Risk Assessment Approach","authors":"Glory Richard, M. Nwagbara, V. Weli","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0502002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0502002","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonality in the Niger Delta is a function of two main seasons, dry and wet periods, with rainfalls beginning from April to October with intermittent break often referred to as: August break and dry season from November terminating in March of the following year. In August, there is a decline in amount of rainfall often referred to as little dry season i.e end of July to beginning of August (Adejuwon and Odekunle, 2006). In recent times, it appears that rainfall pattern is beginning to shift from the conventional known time. For instance, Adejuwon (2011) studied seasonal patterns in the Niger Delta between 1931 and 1997 and reported that raining season begins from February/March to November and dry season from December to January/February. This variation could be associated to difference in rainfall determinant factors linked to inter-tropical discontinuity (Adejuwon, 2011). The patterns, distribution and total amount of rainfall are important aspects of the Niger Delta climate. According to Omogbai (2010), the factors that enhance or inhibit rainfall precipitation in West Africa and Nigeria in particular is the progression or regression of the zone of influence of the tropical maritime air mass and related discontinuity zone. Several human activities often cause air pollution. But in developing country like Nigeria most of the activities are seldom monitored apart from oil and gas sector and few other manufacturing/ production facilities. Many of these manufacturing sectors generate wastes some of which are treated before discharge into the environment. However, the Abstract: This study evaluated seasonality in particulates distribution from waste dump sites in some selected Niger Delta states. The particulates (PM1, PM 2.5, PM 4, PM 7, PM 10, and TSP) were determined at 3 distances (3.05 meter, 7.62 meter and 15.24 meter) for 6 months covering the predominant seasons (wet and dry) Delta, Bayelsa, Rivers and Abia states. The particulates were measured with mini-volume air sampler and the health risk was carried out following standard protocol. The health risk assessment was carried under two background scenarios (median and geometric mean). Results for PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM7, PM10, TSP ranged from 16.43 – 24.71μg/m3, 26.44 – 40.10 μg/m3, 41.64 – 61.53 μg/m3, 62.37 – 98.54 μg/m3, 81.63 – 141.51μg/m3, 110.20 – 270.91μg/m3, respectively. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant variations at p<0.05 across the distances, locations and months of study and their interactions. In addition, the particulates showed significant relationship with each other at p<0.01. The particulates were higher during the dry season compared to wet season, suggesting the influence of climate/weather condition. Health risk assessment showed that particulates were within slight pollution (50<HRA≤100) to Hazardous (200<HRA≤250). The health risk assessment under both background scenarios showed slight variations. The health assessment suggests that sensitive g","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82336913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Some Blood Cells and Metabolites of Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Hybrid) Exposed to Sublethal Concentrations of Sarosate","authors":"I. Inyang, Akparanta, Sylvester Chibueze Izah","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0501004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0501004","url":null,"abstract":"Sarosate induced changes on some blood cells and metabolites activity of Heterobranchus bidorsalis (hybrid), a common Niger Delta wetland fish were assessed. Adult fish (mean length, 15.07±0.29cm) were acclimatized to laboratory conditions for nine days and then exposed to varying sublethal concentration of sarosate (1.00, 2.00 and 3.00gl-1) in a semi static bioassay for 32 days. All the parameters were determined in the plasma. Some blood cells (red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets) values were significant (p<0.05) almost in a dose dependent pattern. RBC values increased as the concentration of sarosate increases, TWBC only showed a significant value at the last concentration, compared to control. Platelets values observed were not concentration-dependent pattern. Bilirubin values at the last concentration were statistically significant. Albumin values fluctuate within the experimental group. A slightly retrogressive value was observed in platelets, akin to haemoglobin at 1.00 and 2.00gl-1. It is concluded that sarosate at high concentration could be toxic to Heterobranchus bidorsalis. The use of sarosate in the aquatic environment should be done with caution. Additionally, Blood cells and metabolites parameters used in this research may serve as useful biomarkers of sublethal effect of sarosate on Heterobranchus bidorsalis.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90508013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Erodibility Potential of Northern Part of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"F. O. Olumuyiwa","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0504001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0504001","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion by general description is the loosening, removal and transport of soil material from one place to another (detachment, transportation and deposition). It is a natural geomorphic process occurring continually over the earth’s surface [1]. It is a universal or natural occurrence wherever there is soil, and by agents such as wind, water, and/or ice. Soil erosion begins with detachment, which is caused by the breakdown of aggregates by rain impact, shearing, or the drag force of water [2]. The loss or removal of the superficial layer of the soil by the action of water, wind, or by the activities of man is now a global natural disaster which every country, as a matter of urgency must assess and mitigate against it in any form [3]. However, the acceleration of this process through anthropogenic perturbation can have severe impacts on soil and environmental quality. Detached particles are transported by flowing water, overland flow, inter-flow, and wind, then deposited when the velocity of water decreases by the effect of slope or ground cover. It is also of universal importance as man’s activities, directly or indirectly, depend on the soil.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89862297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review on Socio-Economic Consideration in Nepalese Environmental Impact Assessment.","authors":"A. Parajuli, T. K. Shrestha, Sarita Lawaju, G. Paudel, Sebika Dhakal, Sandhya Manandhar, P. Gyawaly, L. Ghimire","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0504002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0504002","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal enters into the federal state from a long unitary system of governance. With this changing governance system, there is high level of development aspiration and demand of people. Government of Nepal, Province and Local Government are planning to carry out development activities in an accelerating pace with the goal of high-level economic growth. In an era where global population growth continues to increase geometrically and development is inevitable (MEA, 2005), there has been a consensus to pursue sustainable development by harmonizing development with the environment (Glasson et al, 2012). One of the tools recommended in achieving the goal of sustainable development is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) (Jay et al, 2007). The effectiveness of EIA has been given great attention by EIA practitioners, academics and policy makers (Sandham and Pretorius, 2008) through examining the quality of EIA (Fuller, 1999; Cashmore et al, 2002).","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"12 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77583638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Protection as Disasters’ Risk Reduction Strategy in Rwanda: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Community Members in Kamonyi District","authors":"Narcisse Ntawigenera, Callixte Yadufashije","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0503001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0503001","url":null,"abstract":"The world is facing an increasing frequency and intensity of disasters (natural and man-made) that has had devastating impacts. As reported by the secretariat of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR, 2015), the last ten years have seen 478,100 people killed, more than 2.5 billion people affected and about US$ 690 billion in economic losses. Disasters triggered by hydrometeorological hazards amounted for 97 percent of the total people affected by disasters, and 60 percent of the total economic losses. Environmental changes, such as anthropogenic global warming, promise to create new challenges to the security and sustainability of communities around the world. (http://www.gdrc.org/uem/disasters/disenvi/intro.html).","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86236959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}