International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Residents' Perceptions and Attitudes towards Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices in Freetown Central Zone, Sierra Leone.","authors":"T. Komba","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0702002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0702002","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste management has not only become a daunting task, but also an obvious apprehension in many urban cities, especially for developing nations. Sierra Leone is no exception to such apprehension. The issue is exacerbated particularly for municipal authorities who lack the capacity and basic required logistics to manage the escalating waste condition. Freetown is a mix and most rapidly growing municipality in Sierra Leone, as it is the hub for all major commercial activities. The unappealing piles of solid waste and windblown litter on major streets in Freetown have greatly compromised its environmental quality, natural beauty and aesthetic appearance. This paper is aimed at assessing residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards municipality solid waste management practices in the Freetown Central Zone. To achieve the aim of this study, the Theory of Planned Behaviour which offers a framework for studying human behaviour, directed the study. Using a structured survey electronic questionnaire and thorough interview guide, data was collected from 273 arbitrarily selected household respondents. It was established from the assessment that residents recognized solid waste management as a principal problem in the environment. Approaches to managing municipality solid waste problems will require the provision of sufficient skips, waste bins, and place them at suitable locations accessible to the communities. Even where there are deficiencies in the enforcement of rules and regulations, utilizing community commitment and neighbourhood passion can help in enhancing an effective solid waste management practice in the study area. Additionally, rigorous public education and payment of subsidies by municipality authorities for waste management services should be prioritized to model the existing perception and attitude of residents of the study area. The findings of this study will help open the minds of stakeholders about the concept of perception and attitude to attaining a sustainably cleaner environment. Finally, this research will aid policymakers to consider restructuring existing solid waste management policy to incorporate the circular economy paradigm and factor the role of attitude and perception of waste producers.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89706043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the Climatic and Topographic Conditions of Different Locations on the Geographical Fingerprints of EVOOS by using LC IMS Qtof Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Ayca Akca Uckun","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0703001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0703001","url":null,"abstract":": The polyphenolic compounds and sterols present in six samples of olive fruits which obtained different climatic and topographic conditions in same region were analysed by LC IMS Qtof mass spectometry. All samples were collected same day during the normal picking period for olive oil production, in Karaburun region of Izmir provience and were obtained from the Erkence variety in six different olive location areas. In the Karaburun region samples, it was analyzed the obtained data using Progenesis QI software to analyze multivariate and to determine the geographical differences with help of statics on sterol and polyphenol profiles of olive oils. Results showed that Karaburun region is clustered significant quantitative differences of virgin olive oils (EVOOs) from different geographical locations. These results permit to use a successful distinction of EVOOs this research. It is recommended that olive oils to be labeled as geographical indication should be labeled on the basis of small local regions.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"500 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84122555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Gaseous Air Pollutants on Agricultural Crops in Developing Countries: A Review","authors":"Satesh Kumar Devrajani, Mehran Qureshi, Uzma Imran, Tamat Ul Nisa","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0602001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0602001","url":null,"abstract":"This review provides knowledge about air pollution and its impact on agriculture crop yield and quality in developing countries. The need of increasing agriculture production has been very important for the increasing of population. Air pollutants pose risks on yield of crops depending on the emission pattern, atmospheric transport and leaf uptake and on the plant’s biochemical defence capacity. In the recent research it is identified that the agriculture production is being affected by air pollution, the impact of air pollution is caused by number of air pollutants (sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), and Ozone (O3). Air pollutants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which adversely affect biochemical processes of plants and reduce their tolerance capacity to other stresses also. Several vital physiological processes such as photosynthetic CO2 fixation and energy metabolism are also affected negatively by air pollutants. An adverse effect caused by air pollutants depends not only upon its concentration, but also on the duration and combination of air pollutants. Ozone is the most phytotoxic of the common air pollutants. It is concluded that the continuous increasing concentration of pollutants will pose a critical threat to future world food security.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85627944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abundance and Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in a Soil Polluted by Mining Activities in Lubumbashi (Haut-Katanga, D.R. Congo)","authors":"","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0604001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0604001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87596296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimental Pollen Distribution in the Northeastern Indian Ocean and their Palaeo-Environmental Information","authors":"Chixin Chen, Chuanxiu Luo, R. Xiang, Jianguo Liu, Jun Lu, X. Su, Qiang Zhang, Sazal Kumar, Lin Yang","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0603001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0603001","url":null,"abstract":"Seabed sediments in the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean have preserved comprehensive information of the typical tropical oceans and ancient marine environment. Firstly, the sample of core 12I712 was used for paleoclimate reconstruction of the northeastern Indian Ocean. In zones A and B (45~36 ka BP) of the 12I712 core, tree pollen had a higher percentage. Combined with the high pollen concentration in A and B zones, this reflects the warm and humid climate of the resource areas, which was associated with a high sea level. The percentage of pollen of the trees in zones C and D (36 ~ 5 ka BP) decreased and the percentage of pollen of the herbaceous plants increased. The percentages of pollen from Betula and Alnus increased, reflecting the gradual transformation to a cold and dry climate with scarce vegetation and drought. Then, based on a fossil pollen analysis on two cores from the northeastern Indian Ocean and compared with fossil pollen results from the South China Sea, we determined that warm pools can be taken as a climate humidity index both in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean. Pinus pollen can be taken as an index of sea level change; its percentage decreased in the low sea level period only in the cores near the continental shelf, and its percentage increased in the low sea level period in the cores in the northeastern Indian Ocean because they are in the deep sea.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78725297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Quality Assessment using a Water Quality Index (WQI) in Nine Major Cities of Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"P. Akram, G. S. Solangi, Farrukh Shehzad, Aftab Ahmed, Kandhro, S. S. Arain, M. A. Kamboh","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0603002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0603002","url":null,"abstract":"Water quality is considered as an important factor to detect the environmental changes which are associated with social and economic development [1]. The recent global crisis of surface water, population growth and rapid industrialization has ultimately resulted in relying on groundwater consumption. Hence groundwater becomes an indispensable source for the drinking, household doings, livestock needs, irrigation, industrial and many more commercial activities [2, 3]. The quality of groundwater depends upon its physical characteristics, the concentration of chemical constituents and the geology of the area. Different natural and anthropogenic activities tend to change the physicochemical characteristics of ground-water and deteriorate its quality [4, 5].","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90053143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Groundwater Sustainability Index using AHP/GIS Approach","authors":"M. Sadek, K. Hagagg","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0604003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0604003","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of water scarcity and food deficit while population progressively over-increasing, agricultural expansion into deserts become urgent, this requires sustainable groundwater resources to be secured. A wide range of sustainability indicators are available in literatures but efforts are still needed to develop them into measurable indexes that help to judge the extent to which the groundwater resources are developed sustainably and to direct toward better development This work introduces a novel groundwater sustainability index developed using the Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which is a widely used MultiCriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method. Five indicators have been selected in this work (Change in Water level, Renewability of Groundwater, Aquifer Saturated Thickness , Water Quality and Vulnerability Indexes ), these consider both quantitative and qualitative dimensions of the resources and reflect the economic and environmental sustainability and social well-being. The selected criteria and sub criteria have been assigned weights and rates based on their relative importance to the main goal, the weights and rates were compared with each other in pair-wise matrixes , the eigen values and consistency ratio were calculated to validate the assigned weights and rates of the selected parameters ; the ranges of these parameters are classed and rated then reclassified with GIS and RS for application of the sustainability index in pilot area. The results of hydrochemical and isotopic analysis of groundwater samples as well as mapping of inventoried data form ElKhatatba pilot area have been used for hydrochemical and hydrogeological characterization of the system and for preparation the site thematic layers on which the developed indexapplied. The overall sustainability of groundwater resources in the ElKhatatba area vary between moderate to poor grades moderate to poor grades which highlights the necessity for continuous monitoring and better management of the groundwater resources. Finally, the proposed index was validated using the change in land use with time","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83977114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical Assessment of the Water Quality of the Yopougon Bay, (Lagune Ebrie, Cote D'ivoire)","authors":"A. Mireille, Akobe Apie Colette, A. Paul, Amani Abraham Bledou, Aka, Kouamé","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0604004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0604004","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on the analysis of the physicochemical parameters of the bay of Yopougon. A first series of data was measured in situ at a fixed station in the bay where a sensor was installed. Another comes from an analysis of the water sample. This work was carried out as part of the monitoring of RNO water (national observation network). Its objective is to evaluate the characteristics of the physico-chemical chemical parameters (pH, temperature, conductivity, TDS, dissolved oxygen, ORP, TSS) of the Yopougon bay and of the nutrient salts (ammonium, nitrite and phosphate). The study was conducted on the surface and in the bay's water column. The curves obtained show a variation in the physico-chemical parameters from the surface to the depth of the bay. The concentrations of the parameters are above normal. The waters of Yopougon Bay are warm, alkaline. They are impacted by discharges from agro-industrial companies and wastewater. This water could be very harmful to use and therefore unsuitable for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77504025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric Content of Particulate Matter PM2.5 in Gazipur and Mymensingh City Corporation Area of Bangladesh","authors":"Rakib Hasan, ⃰. MD.AZHARULISLAM, Sanzida Marzia, Hafsa Jahan Hiya","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0602003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0602003","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution has become a public health concern in Bangladesh and regarded as one of the major environmental hazards in Bangladesh as well as worldwide. Particulate matter pollution is a major concern in the large cities of Bangladesh. The main contributors of air pollution are motor vehicles, brick kilns, diesel generators and industries. In recent years much research interest has been shown on atmospheric particles as they influence on climate change and cause adverse health effects (Islam et al., 2017; Hoque et al., 2014). Atmospheric PM is of great concern to the public and to government agencies because of its significant impact on human health, visibility reduction, agriculture and atmospheric chemistry (Sarker et al., 2018; Begum et al., 2012). Particle pollution is the term for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. These include \"inhalable coarse particles,\" with diameters between 2.5 micrometers and 10 micrometers, and \"fine particles,\" 2.5 micrometers and smaller (EPA, 2016). Developing (like Bangladesh) or rapidly industrializing countries are most vulnerable to air pollution because a great amount of air pollutants from various sources mix continuously in the environment. In developing countries like Bangladesh, population explosion along with widespread urbanization has resulted in dense urban centers with poor air quality. Biomass burning and dust deposition profound deterioration of air quality which reported by a Abstract: The particulate matter PM2.5 concentrations in the air of Gazipur and Mymensingh citycorporation during February to April, 2019 have been studied. The PM2.5 status and the sources of air pollution in these cities have been investigated. Sampling was done by “SNDWAY SW-825 Laser PM2.5 Detector tester gas monitor Digital Air Quality Monitor. The sampling sites were Joydebpur road, Vogra Bypass Bus Stop, Gazipur Chowrasta Bus stop, Telipara and Salna in Gazipur city-corporation In Mymensingh city-corporation the sampling sites were BAU Campus, Bridge Moor, Chorpara, Town-hall, Bypass Moor Bus stop, respectively. The concentrations of PM2.5 significantly changed with respect to that of previous years. Though Gazipur is a very busy traffic point and Mymensingh is a semi residential area, the concentrations of PM2.5 Gazipur city-corporation has been found higher than that of Mymensingh citycorporation. PM2.5 concentration in the air of Gazipur city-corporation ranged (137.25 341.44 μg m ), the highest PM2.5 concentration 282.50 μg m -3 was found in Telipara and the lowest concentration 147.08 μg m was found in Salna, with mean value of 203.68 μg m, while standard deviation was 55.39 μg m. PM2.5 concentration in the air of Mymensingh city-corporation ranged from (120.67-268.67 μg m), the highest PM2.5 concentration 233.83 μg m -3 was found in Bridge moor and the lowest concentration 128.58 μg m was found at BAU Campus, with mean value of 172.73 μg m, while standard deviation was 40.10 μg m","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"2002 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88361517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Noise Level in selected Markets in Jos-North, Plateau State","authors":"Joshua YohannaGwanshak, Onoja Sunday, Jatau Ramond Yohanna","doi":"10.20431/2454-9444.0603003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0603003","url":null,"abstract":"Noise is an unpleasant sound, being a product of urbanization and industrialization is now recognized as an emerged environmental nuisance (Nathaniel, 2007; Pathak, Tripathi and Mishra, 2008). Exposure to high levels of noise have differing effects within a given population, and the involvement of reactive oxygen species suggests possible avenues to treat or prevent damage to hearing and related cellular structures (Ingatius, 2016). Noise is an underestimated threat that can cause a number of shortand long-term health problems, such as sleep disturbance, cardiovascular effects, poorer work, poor school performance, hearing impairment, among others. Public complaint about excessive noise is more often in the recent times, most especially at market places.Markets are conjunction of buyers and vendors gather for their commercial, economic and social transactions that created communities and their activities as they gather, result in noise pollution of the environment. The numbers of purveyors and buyers to the tune of hundreds to thousands to people gathered and coupled with the fact that these markets are operated in open spaces create a serious environmental noise problem (Akpan, 2018). Some of the purveyors in an attempt to advertise their products thereby attracting customers shout and blare loudspeakers in full volume which result in indescribable noise pollution. Herbal medicine vendors are not excluded from this act, Small power generating sets are used by some vendors to run their grinding machines, source of power and these constitute serious noise hazard as the machines themselves also produce noise (Akpan, 2018). Pathways are created within the market space and there high vehicular movement of trucks, Lorries, cars, tricycles, and even Abstract: Noise has been identified to be a silent killer yet, not much has been done to control its impact particularly in commercial centres of developing countries. this study evaluates and mapped noise level at notable commercial centres and selected markets in jos-north, plateau state with a view to underscore its existing harmful effects to the public.markets were purposively selected based on the intensity of relative activities observed at each point over time at locations such as, terminus, Gada-Biu and Katako market with a total of twenty-one (21) commercial (stalls) points using GPS coordinate points. Morning and evening records of noise level were recorded at the intervals of five (5) hours with sound level meter. The ArcGIS software was used for interpolation of the spatial distribution of noise level in selected study points at JosNorth as well as the equivalent noise level (leq). Noise level (db) for each stall was compared with permissive range provided by the regulatory body (NESREA), and it was observed that a majority of the points were above the stipulated standard of allowable noise level in human environment. Specifically, terminus market was within the range of 83.8db-90.4db, Gada-Biu","PeriodicalId":93649,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research in environmental science and toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83358448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}