Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ最新文献_第6页

Development of Transparent Transgenic Zebrafish Strain to Study NF-KB, Annexin 5, and the Microglia 利用透明转基因斑马鱼株研究NF-KB、膜联蛋白5和小胶质细胞

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.21633/ISSN.2380.5064/S.2021.04.01.01

Karen Aikhionbare, Chelsea Appiah, Aminah Wood, L. Ouellette, Sureendra Rajpurohit

引用次数: 0

Distribution of Leptin Receptor-Expressing Cells in Various Regions of Mouse Brain 瘦素受体表达细胞在小鼠脑不同区域的分布

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.21633/ISSN.2380.5064/S.2021.04.01.20

Arsheen Kudchikar, Y. Lei

引用次数: 0

Fear and the Frontier: The Role of Terror in Territory Defense and Identity Definition in the Colonial Period 恐惧与边疆:殖民时期恐怖在领土防御和身份界定中的作用

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.21633/ISSN.2380.5064/S.2021.04.01.36

Keturah Stewart, Matthew Pope, Hubert VanTuyll

引用次数: 0

Running a Food Bank during COVID-19 在COVID-19期间运营食品银行

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.21633/ISSN.2380.5064/S.2021.04.01.12

Olivia Ertz, N. Peritore

引用次数: 0

Pen, to Paper, to the Polls 笔，纸，投票

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5068

Benjamin Donohoe

{"title":"Pen, to Paper, to the Polls","authors":"Benjamin Donohoe","doi":"10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5068","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2000, over 700 voter-initiated ballot measures have appeared on ballots in statewide elections (Institute for Public Policy and Social Research [IPPSR], 2016). Because these measures must gain support in the form of voter signatures, an entire industry of political consulting firms focused on signature collecting has formed across the country. Indeed, in California alone, over $150 million has been spent since 2000 on gathering signatures for ballot initiatives (California Secretary of State [CA SOS], 2020a). To that extent, spending on signature gathering significantly affects whether an initiative gets on the ballot. But do these signature gathering campaigns have an impact on whether the ballot initiative is passed? Can signature gathering campaigns serve a dual purpose—qualify a measure for the ballot, and build electoral support for the measure via connections with voters? If signature gathering campaigns are effective means of consciousness raising among voters and end up spurring voters to the ballot box, we could see a significant correlation between signature spending and outcomes, suggesting that committees could use these campaigns to strategically motivate voters. If more intense signature gathering campaigns only reach already mobilized supporters, we could see limited effects on electoral outcomes. The strength of these signature campaigns can be measured in two ways: the total amount of money spent on the campaign, and the actual number of signatures gathered in the campaign. The number of signatures required for an initiative to qualify for the ballot depends on the turnout for the previous gubernatorial election (CA SOS, 2020b). To analyze spending at the statewide level (with each ballot initiative serving as one observation), using the amount spent per required signature as a metric of signature campaign strength best accounts for changes in the required number of signatures for an initiative. For county-level analysis (with Abstract. Does the act of signing a petition to place initiatives on the ballot make a voter more likely to vote for that measure? Previous research suggests that television advertising can influence vote share for ballot propositions and that signature gathering campaigns increase registration and turnout and decrease ballot roll-off but has failed to examine the link between petition drives and vote share. Using heteroskedasticity-robust regression with clustered standard errors and multiple levels of fixed effects, I examine whether either statewide spending on petition circulation or the number of voters a petition campaign reaches in a county has a significant impact on vote share. Though statewide spending analysis proves largely inconclusive, the strength of a petition drive within a county has a significant, positive effect on vote share even after endogenizing campaign strategy and incorporating turnout effects.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67176597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Front Matter: Cover Page, Table of Contents, and a Letter from the Editors 封面内容:封面、目录和编辑来信

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5124

Skanda K Sastry, Jong Eun Jung, Catherine Martinez, Seok Hee Hong

引用次数: 0

The Multiple Benefits of Urban Agriculture 都市农业的多重效益

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5059

Camille Oldani

{"title":"The Multiple Benefits of Urban Agriculture","authors":"Camille Oldani","doi":"10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5059","url":null,"abstract":"In a global society that experiences pervasive rates of food insecurity and environmental degradation, urban agriculture has become an increasingly popular form of food production that can meet the needs of underserved communities in urban populations. Food production systems, especially urban food movements, have been shaped by the historical, social, and environmental contexts of their time. Today, hunger is understood through measurements of “food insecurity,” defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as the “situation when people lack secure access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life” (Roser, 2020, p. 18). Across the world, one in four people—1.9 billion people globally—are reported to be moderately to severely food-insecure (Roser, 2020). In the United States alone, 11 percent of the population was foodinsecure in 2018 (Roser, 2020). Field agriculture is still the largest form of food production in the United States and in most countries worldwide, yet it remains a highly unsustainable system that has failed to serve billions of people who are undernourished. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, in 2014, one-third of the world’s food—1.3 billion tons—was wasted as 800 million people were simultaneously reported to be “hungry” (Food and Agriculture, 2014). Urban agriculture is an alternative method of food production that can provide multifaceted solutions to urban communities facing high rates of food insecurity. The urban food production movement is evolving quickly and takes many forms, from","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49250042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Domestic Workers and the Employer-Employee Relationship in Delhi 德里的家政工人与雇主-雇员关系

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5100

Alexis Pramberger

{"title":"Domestic Workers and the Employer-Employee Relationship in Delhi","authors":"Alexis Pramberger","doi":"10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5100","url":null,"abstract":"A. The Indian Context There are approximately four to five million domestic workers in India today who are part of India’s unorganized and unregulated workforce, the sector which includes 94% of all workers. (National Domestic Workers Movement, 2016). Workers in the unorganized sector lack job security, anti-harassment infrastructure, and reassurance of safe working conditions due to lack of legislative regulation. Unlike workers in the organized sector, domestic workers do not have social securities such as medical leave, insurance, pension, or minimum wages (DW Advocate A, personal communication, April 23, 2020). Workers are vulnerable to the breaching of informal contracts, unsafe and unregulated working environments, and power differences in the employee-employer relationship which limit power in facing abuse (Rights for Domestic Workers, n.d.; DW Advocate A, personal communication, April 23, 2020). Between the end of the 20st century and 2011-2012, the number of domestic workers in India increased fourfold (John, 2019). Data on domestic workers is sparse because A) domestic work is seen as illegitimate and considered extension of the household, B) many workers are part time, so they do not register domestic work as their primary occupation, and C) because there is little government-mandated data collection for the sector (Sahni & Junnarkar, 2019). Currently, most middle to upper class households traditionally employ at least one domestic worker. As traditional","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42827067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Eyes: Corporate Surveillance of Environmental Activists 绿色眼睛：环境活动家的企业监督

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5063

E. Irigoyen

{"title":"Green Eyes: Corporate Surveillance of Environmental Activists","authors":"E. Irigoyen","doi":"10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5063","url":null,"abstract":"Author of Secret Maneuvers in the Dark: Corporate and Police Spying on Activists (2012), Eveline Lubbers has brought attention to a new field of research called activist intelligence and covert strategy which focuses on corporate involvement in political policing and spying. In her research, she has uncovered the furtive methods of corporations to avoid reputational harm and has proposed that corporate intelligence gathering has shifted from being defensive to proactive. This shift has sparked the need for research on the ways in which corporations gather information from environmental groups and the drivers of such conduct. As a relatively new field, the literature on this particular topic is minimal. This research aims to identify which aspects of this topic remain unexplored, pose new questions to guide future research, and to provide an overview of the different features of environmental corporate surveillance. Since the literature on this subject is still in its early phases, it’s important to provide a general but broad overview of the various aspects of corporate intelligence. This review will probe the legal conception of privacy which will be explored in the context of surveillance, the drivers of this surveillance, the ways in which surveillance is carried out, and its connection to social media. Proceeding an introduction to the literature, it is important to define central terms and offer guiding questions for the topics that will be discussed. How do we as a society understand privacy in both legal and colloquial terms? How do those notions affect the interpretation of my findings? Privacy is a term that is difficult to properly define and operationalize. Historically, privacy has been viewed in two competing aspects: as a positive or negative right (Waldman, 2018). Privacy as a positive right would constitute a more proactive outlook that grants us the freedom to “make choices, to formulate ideas beyond the prying eyes of others, or to realize","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49037668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viable Prediction for Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation 导管消融后房颤复发的可行性预测

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5077

Vinila S Baljepally, J. Raffa, Xiao Zhao

{"title":"Viable Prediction for Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation","authors":"Vinila S Baljepally, J. Raffa, Xiao Zhao","doi":"10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15695/VURJ.V11I1.5077","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm abnormality and a leading cause of stroke affecting nearly 3 million people in the United States. More than 750,000 hospitalizations and 130,000 deaths occur each year because of AF. Incremental costs of AF are about $26 billion each year (Kim et al., 2011). A normal heartbeat begins as a single electrical impulse that comes from the atria (Figure 1). The impulse sends out an electrical pulse that causes the atria to contract and move blood into the lower ventricles. The electrical current then passes through the AV node, causing the ventricles to contract and relax in a steady, rhythmic sequence (Laske et al., 2009). When AF occurs, the electrical impulse does not follow this order. Instead of one impulse moving through the heart, many impulses begin in the atria and fight to get through. These extra impulses cause the atria to fibrillate, quiver or twitch, in a fast and disorganized way. The chaotic atrial activity can cause several problems including stroke (Hunter, 2014). Restoring regular sinus rhythm improves symptoms and prevents stroke. Although new developments aimed at treating AF are being explored actively (Camm et al., 2010), current treatment options for AF mainly are medications or radiofrequency catheter ablation. Medications are not very effective and can cause serious side effects (Verma & Natale, 2005); therefore the American College of Cardiology and the Heart Rhythm Society recommended ablation as the preferred treatment for AF (January et al., 2014). Ablation burns or freezes the abnormal tissue through radiofrequency energy and has a greater chance of reducing or eliminating AF (Camm et al., 2010).","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48755555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1