Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Patient Characteristics and Outcomes among Two COVID-19 Therapeutics Registries in Maine","authors":"Massey Kyle D, Kakkad Astha, Trumbo Jennifer L, Anderson Krysta, Gass Rebekah","doi":"10.23937/2474-3658/1510289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3658/1510289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46071080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and Diagnostic Aspects of Cholera Epidemics in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo between January 2011 and June 2022","authors":"Ndeba Patrick AYONGA, Shinga Bruce WEMBULUA, Wone Fatimata, Bardiguyo Alain-Bruno, Diallo Lassina, Mpinga Jackson BYAMUNGU, Kitutu Henriette MULASI, Senga Raphael KABANGWA KAKONGO, Cisse Viviane Marie-Pierre, Tine Roger Clément Kouly","doi":"10.23937/2474-3658/1510291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3658/1510291","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nearly 4 million cases of cholera are reported each year worldwide, including 189,000 (5 to 14%) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The eastern provinces, known as “hot spots”, report more than half of these cases. Objective: Describe the epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of cholera in eastern DRC. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retro-prospective descriptive and analytical study of Vibrio cholerae (Vc) O1 isolates collected at the North Kivu provincial public health laboratory (AMI LABO) from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2022. Results: A total of 4,709 out of 17,443 suspected cholera cases have been confirmed, representing a prevalence of 26.99%. Only 4382 isolates fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The majority of samples (72.46%, n = 3175) came from the province of North Kivu. Half of the patients (51.5%, n = 2258) were male with a median age of 11 years [IQR: 4-25]. Children under 14 accounted for 57.8% of cases (2535/4382). Of the 3 serotypes isolated, the serovar Inaba was the majority (57.6%, n = 2522). Over 90% of 83 Vc Hikojima strains and 98.9% of 1777 Vc Ogawa strains were isolated between 2019 and 2022, making them emerging strains in the region. Very high levels of resistance were found to ampicillin (74.7%), nalidixic acid (83.8%), erythromycin (73.6%), chloramphenicol (68.8%) and Sulfamethoxazole/ Trimethoprim (82%). On the other hand, quinolones (except nalidixic acid), macrolides (except erythromycin) and cyclins remained relatively sensitive. Conclusion: Cholera remains a real public health problem in eastern DRC. Hence the importance of strengthening epidemiological surveillance, improving hygiene conditions and access to drinking water.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46321338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSERVATION OF CHOLERA VIBRIOS IN COMPLEX MICROCOSM CONTAINING GREEN MICROALGAE","authors":"S. Titova, E. Menshikova, Sergei Olegovich Vodop'yanov, Oksana Vasilyevna Borodina, Artem A. Gerasimenko, I. P. Oleynikov, Nadechda Alexandrovna Selyanskaya","doi":"10.17816/eid120009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/eid120009","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. In the summer-autumn period, the peak of reproduction and flowering of phytoplankton occurs, as a result of which, during this period, a deterioration in the quality of river water is noted. At the same time, cases of gastrointestinal diseases in humans are recorded, and epidemic complications of cholera may occur in endemic areas. The formation of biofilm forms by V. cholerae on the surface of chitinous hydrobionts and plastic components can lead to the spread of V. cholerae and possibly explains the autochthonous mechanism of their existence in water bodies. \u0000AIM to determine the duration of vibrio cholerae preservation on biotic (chitin) and abiotic (plastic) substrates in the presence of green unicellular algae with a change in cultivation temperature, under experimental conditions. \u0000 \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS. to achieve this goal, bacteriological and molecular genetic methods were used. \u0000RESULTS. It was shown that the preservation of toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of V. cholerae O1 El Tor and V. cholerae O139 (ctxAB+ tcpA+csh1- and ctxA tcpAcsh1+) for six months, including three months at a low temperature simulating autumn winter period, as part of biofilms in microcosms, where one of the components is green microalgae. We noted an excess of the concentration of V. cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups by two orders of magnitude in samples, where one of the components is chitin and the reproduction of green microalgae in the presence of a chitin substrate, which is probably one of the stages of the food chain in the ecology of water bodies and, accordingly, can be a reservoir for biofilm forms of cholera vibrios. Preservation of V. cholerae O1 El Tor non-toxigenic strain in a viable state in biofilm samples on plastic at a decrease in temperature to 8 2C for three months is possibly due to the presence of a cold shock gene in its genome. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION. Without a substrate for adhesion, colonization and biofilm formation, vibrios are not capable of long-term persistence at low temperatures","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81822027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SENSITIVITY OF PATHOGENIC AND OPPORTUNISTIC MICROORGANISMS TO PROBIOTIC STRAINS IN THE LIGHT OF PERSONALIZED PROBIOTIC THERAPY","authors":"T. Suranova","doi":"10.17816/eid117545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/eid117545","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study. To study the sensitivity of clinical strains of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria and fungi to microorganisms that are part of probiotic preparations. Materials and methods. The sensitivity of 93 cultures of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms (UPM) isolated from the feces of patients with intestinal dysbiosis to strains of probiotic bacteria isolated from commercial probiotic preparations was studied: L. plantarum 8RA-3, E. coli M-17, B. subtilis strain VKPM B-10641, E. faecium SF-68, S. boulardii CNCM I-745 by delayed antagonism method. Results. It was found that pathogenic microorganisms showed low and moderate sensitivity to the probiotic strain of L. plantarum. Sensitivity to the probiotic strain of B. subtilis was detected in S. aureus strains, low or completely absent in P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., S. marcescens. The most sensitive to the probiotic strain were clinical strains of E. coli. Conclusion. UPM and pathogenic microorganisms isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of patients with dysbiosis have different sensitivity to probiotic strains: from high to several probiotics to its complete absence. The empirical approach in prescribing a probiotic does not guarantee a therapeutic effect, which makes it expedient to personify the selection of a probiotic based on an assessment of its antimicrobial activity against isolated pathogens.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87291904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTS OF HIV-ASSOCIATED CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY","authors":"M. Nagibina","doi":"10.17816/eid112120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/eid112120","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation. The identification of cardiological pathology in patients at various stages of HIV infection is relevant due to the data available in the scientific medical literature on the negative impact of this infection on the cardiovascular system. The published article presents the results of a cardiological examination of 60 patients in the third (20 patients) and fourth (40 patients) stages of HIV infection. Cardiological pathology was detected in 22 (37%) HIV infected patients, 5 of them with stage 3 and 17 with stage 4 of the disease. Infectious endocarditis with tricuspid valve lesion was diagnosed more often than other types of cardiological pathology in 20 patients (91%). Comparison of the results obtained with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) showed that among patients who did not receive ART for the entire period of the disease, pathology was detected in 68.4% of cases; among patients with late initiation of ART or lack of adherence, it was detected in 58% of cases; in those who received ART in a timely and regular manner, cardiological pathology was found in five times less often in 11.8%. This suggests that ART has a significant inhibitory effect on the development of cardiovascular pathology in HIV infection.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82714886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BALOXAVIR MARBOXIL IS A NEW SPECIFIC ANTI–INFLUENZA DRUG","authors":"N. V. Breslav, A. V. Ignatjeva, E. Mukasheva, Anastasiya S. Krepkaia, E. Burtseva","doi":"10.17816/eid114969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/eid114969","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Baloxavir marboxil is the first antiviral drug with a unique single dose, registered in Russia in September 2020 under the trade name Xoflusa for the treatment of infection caused by influenza A and B viruses. The article presents an overview of studies on the anti-influenza activity of Baloxavir marboxil by foreign colleagues. The data of scientific articles by different authors were analyzed and in vitro results and clinical data were taken into account, which can help in making recommendations for the use of the drug for the treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza. \u0000Review. Baloxavir marboxil acts as a selective low molecular weight inhibitor of an enzyme specific to the influenza virus in the viral RNA polymerase complex and is effective against strains resistant to oseltamivir. Combined phenotypic analysis and analysis based on the sequence in the protein of PA polymerase showed that the frequency of viruses showing reduced susceptibility to the drug remains low. Numerous studies have demonstrated the safe profile and productivity of influenza treatment in patients of various population groups (without risk factors and high-risk patients). \u0000Conclusions. Baloxavir marboxil stops the replication of the influenza virus in the early stages of the process, which leads to the termination of its release during the first day, and on the second day significantly relieves the patient's condition. Monitoring of the antiviral activity of the drug, especially in groups of children under the age of 12 and people with weakened immunity, should be closely monitored in order to develop clinical recommendations to prevent the formation of substitutions I38 (I38T/F/M/S/L/V) in the PA of influenza A and B viruses that reduce their sensitivity to the drug.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81320317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MICROSCOPY OF SURGICAL MATERIAL PERFORMED BY CITO! IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ECHINOCOCCOSIS","authors":"T. V. Gavrilyuk, S. S. Кozlov, Yu. F. Zakharkiv, V. N. Mokrousov, A. V. Saulevich, Ibrahim Giramudinovich Abdulazizov, V. S. Turitsin","doi":"10.17816/eid115024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/eid115024","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the relevance of echinococcosis is due to their wide prevalence in Russia. Cases of the disease are registered in more than 30 of the 88 administrative territories of the country. In establishing the final diagnosis of echinococcosis, the main importance is given to instrumental (ultrasound, CT, MRI) and serological methods (determination of specific antibodies based on ELISA). \u0000However, imaging methods in some cases do not allow to differentiate echinococcal cysts from other volumetric formations, and serological tests can give false negative results. Hydatidoses are characterized by a long course, and are often diagnosed late when complications develop. The surgical method is considered a radical method of treatment. Confirmation of the diagnosis is the results of pathomorphological examination of the surgical material. Of the 47 examined samples of operational material performed by cito! Protoscolexes of E. granulosus were found in 31 patients (65.7%). In two cases (4.3%), only single hooks of larvae of this parasite were found in the studied samples. In three patients (6.4%), the echinococcal nature of cysts was confirmed by delayed pathomorphological studies of the surgical material with the production of histological sections. In eleven patients (23.4%), the parasitic nature of the volume formations was excluded.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84927252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox Virus: Transfer from Endemic Areas to Non-Endemic Areas Due to Ease of Travel","authors":"Ghasemi Moslem","doi":"10.23937/2474-3658/1510286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3658/1510286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46670327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Histamine Theory: Why Anti-Histamines Should Be Incorporated as the Basic Component in COVID-19 Management?","authors":"Mashauri Harold L","doi":"10.23937/2474-3658/1510287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3658/1510287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48013094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Consulted at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon","authors":"C. Yamssi, Nadia Noumedem Anangmo Christelle, Ambe Niba Felicien, Guy-Armand Gamago Nkadeu, Payne Vincent Khan","doi":"10.23937/2474-3658/1510288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3658/1510288","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection with public health importance. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and its risk factors among pregnant women consulted at the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Methods: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out on pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic at the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Venous blood was collected in dry tubes and analyzed for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. A rapid diagnostic test was done with a cassette to detect IgG and IgM antibodies in the serum. The cassette was labeled with the patient’s identification number and placed on a flat surface. The potential risk factors were evaluated with the administration questionnaire using a binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was measured at P < 0.05. Results: The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 23.9% with 0.85% for IgM and 23.08% for IgG. Women in the second trimester (26.66% for IgG and 3.33% Ig M) of gestation were highly infected than those in the first trimester (20% for IgG and 0% Ig M) but no significant association was reported between the age of pregnancy and toxoplasmosis seroprevalence. High seropositivity (33.33% for IgG and 0% Ig M) was observed in women of age group 23-31, it was not found to be a risk factor for toxoplasmosis, as age was not statistically significant in this study. A statistical significant higher prevalence (20%) was seen in women who had no knowledge on Toxoplasmosis and in single women with seroprevalence (28.13% IgG and 3.13% IgM). Conclusion: Screening for toxoplasmosis should be done routinely during antenatal care to reduce the risk of transmission from the mother to fetus.","PeriodicalId":93465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of infectious diseases and epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}