Nannan Wan , Yu Liu , Xinghui Zhang , Zhaoyang Liu , Qiyu Wang , Shuai Liu , Miao Zhang , Bixian Mai
{"title":"Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in tissue and toilet paper from China","authors":"Nannan Wan , Yu Liu , Xinghui Zhang , Zhaoyang Liu , Qiyu Wang , Shuai Liu , Miao Zhang , Bixian Mai","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been found in toilet paper in Europe, the United States, and Africa; however, their presence in Chinese household paper has not been investigated. In this study, 21 legacy and 30 emerging PFASs were analyzed in tissue and toilet paper from China, including 48 samples of different origins and materials. Median concentrations of chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFESAs), hexafluoropropylene oxide homologs (HFPOs), and <em>p</em>-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) were 0.32, 0.19, and 0.10 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The detection frequencies (DFs) of Cl-PFESAs and OBS both were greater than 96%, followed by hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TrA, DF: 85%). Notably, the level of HFPO-TrA in one sample was as high as 540 ng/g dw, indicating a potential environmental risk to humans. In addition, the concentrations of Cl-PFESAs in toilet paper were significantly higher than that in tissue (<em>p</em> < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the concentrations of PFASs in tissue and toilet paper from different materials and origins. This suggests that PFASs, particularly emerging PFASs, are widely detected in tissue and toilet paper products across China, and their presence is a potential source of landfill contamination and human exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691102400008X/pdfft?md5=c09cb73bcc04b9742f6bb2998617ca08&pid=1-s2.0-S266691102400008X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast and highly selective anionic azo dye removal over unique PVDF/MIL-100(Cr) mixed matrix membranes","authors":"Fuja Sagita , Kholifatul Mukhoibibah , Witri Wahyu Lestari , Aep Patah , Cynthia L. Radiman , Grandprix T.M. Kadja","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water pollution is a major challenge in the industrial era that gained the attention of researchers, especially for dye wastewater. Membrane technology is applied to address this issue due to its efficient and effective process. MIL-100(Cr) is a metal-organic framework that becomes an interesting material in membrane technology due to its highly porous characteristics (pore sizes of 24 Å and 29 Å), large surface area, and decent stability. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was modified with MIL-100(Cr) to fabricate PVDF/MIL-100(Cr) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for congo red (CR) dye removal. Furthermore, the membrane performances were determined by its permeability, selectivity, and antifouling properties. The results show that adding MIL-100(Cr) could enhance the membrane’s porosity and average pore size, which led to a boost in membrane permeability. Interestingly, the rejection of the membrane is maintained at a remarkably high level, above 95%, because of the electrostatic repulsion between the membrane surface with anionic congo red. The optimum concentration of MIL-100(Cr) is 1% (w/w), with a permeability of 50.90 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and rejection of 99.9%. Moreover, the flux recovery ratio (FRR) is around 90%, showing notable resistance to the fouling phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000066/pdfft?md5=0ddd6febea3f60c0d980292dfd084700&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000066-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daisuke Inoue, Ryugo Nishimine, Shinpei Fujiwara, Kousuke Minamizono, Michihiko Ike
{"title":"Aerobic biodegradation of chlorinated ethenes by Pseudonocardia sp. D17: Biodegradation ability without auxiliary substrates and concurrent biodegradation with 1,4-dioxane","authors":"Daisuke Inoue, Ryugo Nishimine, Shinpei Fujiwara, Kousuke Minamizono, Michihiko Ike","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioremediation is a promising approach for mitigating commingled contaminations of chlorinated ethenes (CEs) and 1,4-dioxane (DX). However, aerobic bioremediation to simultaneously remove CEs and DX remains challenging. This study aimed to explore the ability of <em>Pseudonocardia</em> sp. D17 (D17) to aerobically degrade CEs and its applicability for concurrent removal of CEs and DX. Aerobic degradation experiments of individual CEs revealed that D17 could degrade trichloroethene (TCE), three isomers of dichloroethene (DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC), and the trend of its degradation ability was <em>cis</em>-1,2-DCE (cDCE) > VC > TCE > <em>trans</em>-1,2-DCE > 1,1-DCE. Notably, the CE-degrading activity of D17 was expressed even without any auxiliary substrates. Further, when TCE, cDCE, or VC was co-present with DX (each at 1 mg/L), D17 could degrade both compounds without any significant inhibition (for TCE and cDCE) or with only a transient and reversible suspension of its DX degradation ability (for VC). These findings indicated that D17 is a promising agent for the aerobic bioremediation of CEs and DX co-contamination and provide novel insights into the future development of efficient aerobic bioremediation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000054/pdfft?md5=2c3ed074cb9db915facd597302dc064c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000054-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibiotic pollution and associated antimicrobial resistance in the environment","authors":"Pramod Barathe , Kawaljeet Kaur , Sagar Reddy , Varsha Shriram , Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The widespread and injudicious usage of antibiotics to contain pathogenic microbial infections, coupled with inadequate treatment of wastes containing non-metabolized antibiotics and their residues is resulting in rising environmental antibiotic concentrations, leading to ‘antibiotic pollution’. Antibiotic pollution is an emerging global challenge as it is proving a major driver for antibiotic- or antimicrobial-resistance (ABR/ AMR) with escalating ramifications worldwide, precipitating a surge in human morbidity. The extensive administration of antibiotics across domains such as human healthcare settings, agriculture, and aquaculture farming endangers the presence of antibiotics in diverse matrices including water, soil, and air. As a result, this dissemination significantly leads to the development of antibiotic resistance in the profuse sectors of the environment further provoking consequential health implications at different trophic levels. Owing to its significance, and to mitigate antibiotic pollution and its subsequential AMR, governmental guidelines and regulations are implemented across the globe to cultivate public awareness as concerted efforts for addressing this global predicament. Given the insufficient attention to the growing antibiotic pollution issues, prompt efforts must be taken to contemplate current circumstances and the rigor of the ongoing research. In this review, we endeavor to elucidate the escalation of antibiotic concentration and antibiotic-driven AMR in water, air, and soil environments with potential public health threats. Further, it focuses on various strategies and interventions to attenuate antibiotic pollution and mitigate its adverse impacts on the healthcare infrastructure, highlighting the success stories, challenges, and future directions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000042/pdfft?md5=13a9d8d8a26d73168e150419d434e74d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000042-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emenike G. Okonkwo , Greg Wheatley , Yang Liu , Yinghe He
{"title":"Metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries cathode materials: Comparative study of sugar-based reductants","authors":"Emenike G. Okonkwo , Greg Wheatley , Yang Liu , Yinghe He","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sugars and sugar-rich agricultural by-products are cheaper and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional reductants used in recovering metals from spent lithium-ion batteries. Still, they are rarely used due to a poor understanding of their performance and reaction chemistry. In this study, two hypotheses bearing on the role of chemistry and influence of non-sugary organic compounds (impurities) on the performance of sugars, namely: glucose, fructose and sucrose, and a parent sugar-rich agro-industrial by-product – molasses, as reductants in the leaching of Li, Co, Mn and Ni from spent lithium-ion battery cathode material were tested. Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed that the performance of the sugars and molasses are similar with >85% Mn, >88% Ni, >88%Co and >98% Li leached at 90 °C and 60 min. This shows that the presence of non-sugar organic compounds does not hamper the performance of the sugars-based reductants. The performance of the sugars relies more on temperature than chemistry. Furthermore, evaluation of the oxidation pathway hints at a potential inhibition of secondary oxidation reactions at lower temperatures. This study provides statistically validated proof that the performance of sugarcane molasses, even at lower concentration, is equipollent to the pure sugars in the leaching of critical metals from spent lithium-ion batteries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000030/pdfft?md5=3354410e5d25ee2194244836892fef28&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140042713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enabling dual-functionality material for effective anionic and cationic dye removal by using Nb2O5/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites","authors":"Tarmizi Taher , Zhongliang Yu , Elisabeth Kartini Arum Melati , Andika Munandar , Rizky Aflaha , Kuwat Triyana , Yudha Gusti Wibowo , Khairurrijal Khairurrijal , Aldes Lesbani , Aditya Rianjanu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of adsorbents capable of adsorbing both anionic and cationic dyes in wastewater treatment remains a challenge. This study presents the successful fabrication of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-MgAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites for the effective removal of methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) dyes via a one-step hydrothermal method. Incorporating a small amount of Nb into MgAl-LDH proved to be an effective strategy for creating nanocomposite materials with dual characteristics. The material’s morphological and crystalline structures were confirmed using FESEM-EDS and XRD. Incorporating Nb during the material preparation led to a remarkable enhancement in the material’s adsorption capacity - up to 3.4-fold and 9.0-fold increases for CR and MB, respectively. The kinetic and point zero charge analysis confirmed that the adsorption of the dyes onto the adsorbent surfaces occurred via an ionic interaction mechanism. These findings offer a promising alternative for fabricating dual-functional adsorbents, enhancing the effectiveness of dye removal in wastewater treatment technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000029/pdfft?md5=3d98ccad5a2853187e21d5626ec0a41a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tae-Kyoung Kim , Donghyun Lee , Griffin Walsh , Changha Lee , David L. Sedlak
{"title":"Unwanted loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during in situ chemical oxidation sample preservation: Mechanisms and solutions","authors":"Tae-Kyoung Kim , Donghyun Lee , Griffin Walsh , Changha Lee , David L. Sedlak","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To assess the performance of hazardous waste sites remediation technologies like in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with persulfate (S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2<em>−</em></sup>) researchers must periodically measure concentrations of target contaminants. Due to the presence of relatively high concentrations of the residual oxidant expected in many samples, the standard analytical method requires the addition of a relatively high concentration of ascorbic acid to prevent the oxidation process from continuing after sample collection. We discovered that addition of ascorbic acid quencher results in a radical chain reaction that transforms two common halogenated solvents (i.e., tetrachloroethene and hexachloroethane). To avoid the artifact associated with the radical chain reaction, a small quantity of n-hexane can be added to aqueous samples to extract target compounds and protect them from the radical chain reaction initiated by addition of the quencher. We recommend the use of this alternative sample preservation method whenever high concentrations of residual S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2<em>−</em></sup> are expected to be present in water samples that are contaminated with halogenated solvents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911024000017/pdfft?md5=3338963548d57841b251e61872405d09&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911024000017-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-temperature oxidation pathways are critical to thermal incineration of PFAS-laden materials","authors":"Rodger E. Cornell , Michael P. Burke","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With growing desire to destroy per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) now known to be detrimental to human health, a sound understanding of fluorocarbon combustion chemistry is important to efficient thermal destruction within incinerators. While most fluorocarbon combustion models and the sets of reactions contained within them were originally developed for the high temperatures encountered in flame suppression applications, they have often been used to assess PFAS destruction in incinerators, which emphasize a lower range of temperatures. We present results that demonstrate that low-temperature fluorocarbon oxidation pathways—not yet known to play a role in fluorocarbon combustion—impact key incinerator performance metrics, including: PFAS surrogate mole fractions, products of incomplete destruction, and waste destruction efficiencies. The results further point to the utility of NO as a potential additive. The present results show the influence of these pathways for CF<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, for which some data are available, but analogous pathways would also occur for other fluoroalkylperoxy radicals, for which little is known. The results demonstrate the need for future work to identify and characterize low-temperature pathways more generally, consider such pathways in kinetic model development, and experimentally probe intermediate temperature conditions to better understand, design, and control thermal destruction technologies for improved PFAS management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911023000266/pdfft?md5=f8240c784c93e5ee1fd3cd1855b92519&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911023000266-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atif Aziz Chowdhury , Nilendu Basak , Ekramul Islam
{"title":"Uranium and arsenic bioremediation potential of plastic associated multi-metal tolerant Bacillus sp. EIKU23","authors":"Atif Aziz Chowdhury , Nilendu Basak , Ekramul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic waste accumulation is a significant environmental concern as it promotes microbial growth and acts as a carrier for heavy metals. This study focuses on a <em>Bacillus</em> sp. strain isolated from the surface of a used plastic bottle, tolerant to various potential toxic elements (PTEs) such as chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, arsenite [As(III)], but sensitive to uranium (U) and arsenate [As(V)] toxicity. The strain demonstrates growth under different abiotic stress conditions, with the optimal pH range of 5.0–8.0 and a temperature of 30 °C. It shows remarkable removal capabilities, removing > 23.3% of U, > 38% of As(III)), and > 22.6% of As(V) from an initial dose of 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup> in an aqueous solution. The biosorption capacity for U, As(III), and As(V) is 3.12, 3.1, and 1.8 mg g<sup>−1</sup> of biomass, respectively. Kinetic modelling suggests that the biosorption of U and As(V) follows a pseudo-second-order mechanism, while As(III) biosorption follows a pseudo-first-order mechanism. Moreover, the strain has the ability to precipitate > 38.1% and ∼67% of U using bacterially released phosphate from inorganic and organic sources, respectively. These findings highlight the strain's potential for bioremediation of PTE-contaminated environments, providing valuable insights for optimizing metal removal and immobilization processes in future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911023000278/pdfft?md5=00aa0ff43d77569d99ac4894ac3b04a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911023000278-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A brief study on heavy metal resistance genes from 10 genomes of Georgenia sp. and In vitro confirmation on Georgenia sp. SUBG003","authors":"Tejas Oza , Pooja Patel , Vrinda S. Thaker","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal pollution is consistently a critical issue in many parts of the world, affecting living systems remarkably. Many microorganisms possess such toxic metals utilizing capacities that can be explored for remediation. The present study demonstrates a comparative analysis of Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Zinc (Zn), and Magnesium (Mg) resistance genes in genomes of 11 different <em>Georgenia sps.</em> and confirmation of this gene pool in <em>Georgenia sp</em>. <em>SUBG003</em> by growth on HgCl<sub>2,</sub> CdCl<sub>2,</sub> CoCl<sub>2,</sub> and ZnCl<sub>2</sub> with varying concentrations and periods of up to 144hrs in a liquid medium and on a solid medium. Over a period HgCl<sub>2</sub> initial concentrations 0.01 mM, 0.03 mM, and 0.05 mM showed controlled growth, at interim concentrations of 0.07 mM, 0.09 mM were found to be an interim effect while 0.11 mM, 0.13 mM and 0.15 mM higher concentrations showed increased growth. While CdCl<sub>2,</sub> CoCl<sub>2,</sub> and ZnCl<sub>2</sub> showed growth inhibition upon increasing concentration from 0.01 mM to 0.5 mM. The concentrations tested are in a higher range than the polluted sources observed and the probable role in remediation is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911023000230/pdfft?md5=aaba4d3e16e515fbbe1925431a24cbf1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911023000230-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138839553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}