Forces in mechanics最新文献_第2页

Modified CEL method for determination of defect formation mechanism in underwater stationary shoulder FSW based on softened pressure-overclosure contact relationship

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100296

Akbar Hosseini, Alireza Fallahi Arezoudar

{"title":"Modified CEL method for determination of defect formation mechanism in underwater stationary shoulder FSW based on softened pressure-overclosure contact relationship","authors":"Akbar Hosseini, Alireza Fallahi Arezoudar","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method was employed to simulate underwater friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder tool (USSFSW). The governing equations in the CEL method were formulated for FSW based on the immersed boundary method. A new softened pressure-overclosure model was introduced to define contact pressure within the overclosure zone, and an initial nodal clearance control method was implemented to prevent the penetration of Eulerian elements into the Lagrangian domain. For modeling the mechanical and thermal interactions between surfaces, the VUINTERACTION subroutine was utilized. The study focused on the defect formation mechanisms during USSFSW, highlighting the roles of material flow velocity and nodal forces. Simulation results demonstrated close alignment with experimental data, revealing three flow paths that developed during the process, merging in the empty area behind the pin and generating upward material flow. Notably, the maximum flow velocity at the boundary of the third and fourth quadrants ranged from 0.189 to 0.495 m/s, while the overall maximum material flow velocity varied from 0.193 to 0.502 m/s. The nodal force was found to vary between 180 and 600 N; notably, when this force dropped below 200 N, the driving force for material flow decreased, resulting in the inability to fill the cavity behind the tool. Conversely, increasing the nodal force enhanced both backward flow (BF) and horizontal flow (HF), promoting higher material extrusion into the cavity. Ultimately, when the flow velocity fell below approximately 0.25 mm/s and the nodal force dropped below about 200 N, cavity defects in USSFSW became inevitable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning approach for predicting early-age thermal cracking potential in concrete bridge piers 预测混凝土桥墩早期热裂潜力的机器学习方法

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100297

Tu Anh Do, Ba-Anh Le

{"title":"Machine learning approach for predicting early-age thermal cracking potential in concrete bridge piers","authors":"Tu Anh Do, Ba-Anh Le","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In concrete construction, early-age thermal cracks in foundations, abutments, piers, and slabs can arise from non-uniform temperature distribution due to heat from cement hydration. These cracks negatively impact the integrity, load-bearing capacity, and service life of the concrete structures. This paper investigates the application of machine learning (ML) models to predict early-age thermal cracking in concrete bridge piers. The study aims to develop models to forecast thermal cracking potential (<em>η<sub>max</sub></em>) and estimate the timing of potential cracking (<em>t</em>) based on a dataset of various cross-sectional bridge piers and typical tropical temperatures. Four ML models—Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Genetic Programming (GP)—were trained on 759 samples. The dataset, prepared using the EACTSA program, included parameters like cross-sectional dimensions, ambient temperature, and initial concrete temperature, with <em>η<sub>max</sub></em> and <em>t</em> as outputs. Results show that all the ML models achieved high prediction accuracy with R² scores over 0.96. The GP symbolic equations offer transparency and practical implementation. Compared to conventional methods, ML models provide a rapid, effective tool to optimize concrete member dimensions, formwork removal timing, and control concrete temperature, mitigating early-age thermal cracking risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical and numerical stress analysis in the cam of a medium voltage switchgear vacuum circuit breaker supported by image processing of deformation 通过变形图像处理对中压开关真空断路器凸轮进行理论和数值应力分析

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100298

Mahmood Matin , Erfan Fatahi , Hossein Darijani , Aram Arjmand

{"title":"Theoretical and numerical stress analysis in the cam of a medium voltage switchgear vacuum circuit breaker supported by image processing of deformation","authors":"Mahmood Matin , Erfan Fatahi , Hossein Darijani , Aram Arjmand","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) are widely used in the switchgear industry. Over the past decades, leading companies have conducted extensive research and development to optimize the mechanical mechanisms and understand the kinematics and dynamics behavior of VCBs. The mechanical life of these devices is crucial for safety and reliability. This paper investigates an essential component of the VCB mechanism by evaluating the stress in the cam using theoretical and numerical methods. Furthermore, the calculations are supported by examining a deformed cam in a VCB after 2500 cycles. To this end, contact stress equations for the cylindrical part of the cam and its follower were developed. The ABAQUS finite element software was employed with specified contact properties. Additionally, an image of a cam in a VCB after 2500 cycles was processed and compared to other methods. The results demonstrate that the cam exhibited alternating stress values at different local locations at the end of its profile. However, in general, the Von Mises stress increased as the location on the cam progressed from 0° to 240°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quasi-static puncture shear loading characteristics of GLARE/nanoclay laminates with various indenters 带有不同压头的 GLARE/nanoclay 层压板的准静态穿刺剪切加载特性

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100295

Thiyagu Murgaiyan , Vasudevan Alagumalai , Yoganandam Krishnamoorthy , Prem kumar , Arumugaprabu Veerasimman , Sundarakannan Rajendran , Megavannan Mani , Senthilkumar Jadamuni , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam , Oisik Das

{"title":"Quasi-static puncture shear loading characteristics of GLARE/nanoclay laminates with various indenters","authors":"Thiyagu Murgaiyan , Vasudevan Alagumalai , Yoganandam Krishnamoorthy , Prem kumar , Arumugaprabu Veerasimman , Sundarakannan Rajendran , Megavannan Mani , Senthilkumar Jadamuni , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam , Oisik Das","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential challenge of delamination in fibre–metal laminates highlight the importance of improving interfacial bonding within the laminate. Developing a comprehensive understanding of the nature of this failure is essential for implementing effective mitigation strategies. This study explores fibre metal laminates comprising aluminium sheets and glass/epoxy, with and without the addition of nanoclay at varying weight percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt.%). Fabrication involved the hand layup method followed by compression moulding, and the laminates were subjected to flexural, inter-laminar shear strength, and quasi-static punch shear tests (QS-PS). Two different indenters, flat and hemispheric, were employed in the QS-PS. Observations from flexural and interlaminar shear strength tests indicated that fibre metal laminate (FML) composites lacking nanoclay exhibit weakened interfacial bonding between aluminium and fibre layers. Notably, at 1.5 wt.% nanoclay, a substantial improvement in interfacial bonding between the fibre and aluminium layers improved the flexural strength (ca. 337 MPa), interfacial shear strength (ca. 16 MPa) and puncture resistance. The puncture failure modes exhibited variability based on the type of the indenter used, whether flat or hemispherical. For FML composites containing 2 wt.% nanoclay, the puncture shear strength differed significantly between the two indenters, measuring approximately 81 MPa under the flat indenter and about 49 MPa under the hemispherical indenter. Additionally, the corresponding energy absorption values were 880 KJ/g and 919 KJ/g for the flat and hemispherical indenters, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free vibration analysis of a functionally graded porous nanoplate in a hygrothermal environment resting on an elastic foundation 湿热环境中位于弹性地基上的功能分级多孔纳米板的自由振动分析

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100294

Ali Mottaghi , Ali Mokhtarian , Mohammad Hashemian , Mostafa Pirmoradian , Soheil Salahshour

{"title":"Free vibration analysis of a functionally graded porous nanoplate in a hygrothermal environment resting on an elastic foundation","authors":"Ali Mottaghi , Ali Mokhtarian , Mohammad Hashemian , Mostafa Pirmoradian , Soheil Salahshour","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the free vibrational behavior of a functionally graded porous (FGP) nanoplate resting on an elastic Pasternak foundation in a hygrothermal environment. The nanoplate is modeled based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) and considering several plate theories including the CPT (classical plate theory), the FSDT (first-order shear deformation theory), and the TSDT (third-order shear deformation theory). Several patterns are investigated for the dispersion of pores, and the surface effects are incorporated to enhance the precision of the model. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived via Hamilton's principle and an exact solution is provided via the Navier method. The impacts of several parameters on the natural frequencies are inspected such as length scale and nonlocal parameters, surface effects, porosity parameter, hygrothermal environment, and coefficients of the foundation. The results show that the impact of the porosity parameter on the natural frequencies of nanoplates is significantly dependent on the porosity distribution pattern. It is discovered that by increasing the porosity parameter from 0 to 0.6, the relative changes of natural frequencies vary from a decrease of 30 % to an increase of 6 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced meshfree method with nodal integration for analysis of functionally graded material sandwich curved shells 用于分析功能梯度材料夹层曲面壳的节点积分增强型无网格方法

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100292

Thien Tich Truong, Binh Khanh Ngo, Nha Thanh Nguyen, Vay Siu Lo

{"title":"Enhanced meshfree method with nodal integration for analysis of functionally graded material sandwich curved shells","authors":"Thien Tich Truong, Binh Khanh Ngo, Nha Thanh Nguyen, Vay Siu Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a nodal integration technique, the sub-domain stabilized conforming integration (SSCI), for the meshfree radial point interpolation method (RPIM) applied to the static and modal analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich curved shells. FGM sandwich shells with different kinds of core and face sheets are considered in this work while the interested curved shell is formulated by the first-order shear deformation theory. The numerical integration technique to compute the stiffness and mass matrices in the equilibrium equation is the SSCI, which is a stabilized nodal integration with strain smoothing to preserve the accuracy and stability of the numerical results. The RPIM shape functions are utilized in this study for interpolating both the field variables and the geometry of the curved shell due to their ability to satisfy the Kronecker delta property, a rare advantage among meshfree methods. The static and modal analysis of different geometry curved shells with various sandwich FGMs are conducted. Through several numerical examples, the accuracy and efficiency of the SSCI technique in the meshfree RPIM are demonstrated and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved eight-node non-conforming hexahedral element for structures of various shapes 适用于各种形状结构的改进型八节点不规则六面体元素

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100293

Shengrong Hu, Jingjing Xu, Xinhong Liu

引用次数: 0

A Euler-lagrange Model of dynamic internal friction 动态内摩擦力的欧拉-滞后模型

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100291

H.H. Hardy

{"title":"A Euler-lagrange Model of dynamic internal friction","authors":"H.H. Hardy","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Euler-Lagrange model of dynamic internal friction is proposed and is shown to match the frequency and decay of oscillations in both simple extension (pull) and cantilever beam experiments. The proposed dynamic internal frictional stress, <span><math><msub><mi>τ</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, is proportional to the rate of change of the engineering stress, <span><math><msub><mover><mi>σ</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. i.e.<span><span><span><math><mrow><msub><mi>τ</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><msub><mover><mi>σ</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span></span></span>with <span><math><msub><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></msub></math></span> the dynamic internal friction coefficient. A single value of the dynamic internal friction coefficient is shown to match the results of the experiments for a number of different geometries of the silicon rubber, Dragon Skin<sup>TM</sup>. Dragon Skin<sup>TM</sup> is used in skin effects for movies and in prosthetics and cushioning applications. It is chosen here because of its ease of preparation and relatively simple non-linear stress-strain response. Because of these characteristics, it provides a simple starting place for simulating more complicated synthetic rubber and biological materials, which are used in a myriad of commercial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Static bending analysis of BDFG nanobeams by nonlocal couple stress theory and nonlocal strain gradient theory 利用非局部耦合应力理论和非局部应变梯度理论对 BDFG 纳米梁进行静态弯曲分析

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100289

Minhaj Uddin Mahmood Siddique , I.M. Nazmul

{"title":"Static bending analysis of BDFG nanobeams by nonlocal couple stress theory and nonlocal strain gradient theory","authors":"Minhaj Uddin Mahmood Siddique , I.M. Nazmul","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents analytical solutions for the bending behavior of bi-directional functionally graded (BDFG) micro and nanobeams, wherein the material properties vary along both the thickness and axial directions, following power-law and exponential-law profiles, respectively. This study employs two size-dependent theories, nonlocal modified couple stress theory (NCST) and nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT), to account for size effects inherent in nanoscale structures. The governing differential equations are derived using Hamilton's principle, and the Laplace transform technique is utilized for their solution. The study critically compares the size effects captured by NCST and NSGT and assesses the influence of material gradation parameters in both directions. Additionally, the impacts of nonlocal and length scale parameters are thoroughly investigated. The findings indicate that NSGT tends to overestimate size effects compared to NCST. This research enhances the understanding of the mechanical behavior of BDFG nanobeams, offering valuable insights for the design and analysis of nanoscale structures across diverse applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666359724000350/pdfft?md5=2071d7bdfb7674d4acc2d527c01d7d39&pid=1-s2.0-S2666359724000350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response of circular type sandwich panel using JUCO-glass fiber with PU foam under three-point bending loading 使用聚氨酯泡沫的 JUCO 玻璃纤维圆形夹芯板在三点弯曲荷载下的响应

IF 3.2

Forces in mechanics Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100290

Md Shahriar Haque , Md Foisal Hossain , Muhammed Sohel Rana , Md Shafiul Ferdous

{"title":"Response of circular type sandwich panel using JUCO-glass fiber with PU foam under three-point bending loading","authors":"Md Shahriar Haque , Md Foisal Hossain , Muhammed Sohel Rana , Md Shafiul Ferdous","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2024.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a circular type honeycomb sandwich panel using natural <em>JUCO</em> and synthetic woven glass fiber was fabricated, and the bending properties like bending strength, modulus of rupture (<em>MOR</em>), and modulus of elasticity (<em>MOE</em>) were evaluated. Polyurethane (<em>PU</em>) foam was injected into the core structure to improve the bending strength. The orientation of jute and cotton fiber was varied to investigate the best stiffness and strength. In addition, twill-type <em>JUCO</em> fiber mat and synthetic woven glass fiber were also used to fabricate the circular type honeycomb sandwich panel. Finite element modeling was undertaken to validate the experimental results. Prior to the finite element analysis, a tensile test was carried out to determine the boundary conditions. Injecting polyurethane foam into the honeycomb core does not show any significant impact on bending properties. However, the deformation rate increased considerably by adding <em>PU</em> foam in the core structure. According to the results, honeycomb sandwich panels made of woven glass fiber with <em>PU</em> foam exhibited more homogenous deflection and bending compliance compared with others.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666359724000362/pdfft?md5=7ca57f8954aaae661ff4f20e49f8798d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666359724000362-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0