Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc最新文献

{"title":"A comparison of three typing methods for Serratia marcescens during an outbreak across four neonatal intensive care units","authors":"Michelle Giles MBBS, FRACP,&nbsp;Sepehr Tabrizi MS, PhD,&nbsp;Elizabeth Grabsch BSc, MPH,&nbsp;N Deborah Friedman MBBS, FRACP,&nbsp;Elizabeth Gillespie BN, MPubHlth(Melb),&nbsp;Despina Kotsanas BSc(Hons), MClinEpi,&nbsp;Hua Li M Med,&nbsp;Tony M. Korman FRACP, FRCPA,&nbsp;Andrew Daley FRACP, FRCPA","doi":"10.1071/HI07020","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to compare pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) - polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and automated ribotyping for the typing of <em>Serratia marcescens</em> across four geographically separate neonatal intensive care units. A selection of clinical and screening isolates of <em>S. marcescens</em> were obtained from patients during an outbreak period and tested along with archived specimens from the previous ten years. Sixty three selected isolates of <em>S. marcescens</em> were tested, 34 by PFGE, RAPD-PCR and automated ribotyping (RiboPrinter®) and 29 by PFGE and RAPD only. Of the 34 isolates tested by all three methods, 29 had concordant results. Four of the remaining five isolates had concordant results by RAPD and PFGE, but not by automated ribotyping. Of the 29 isolates tested by RAPD and PFGE only, 27/29 test results were concordant. Typing and discrimination of isolates was achieved with all three molecular methods. The decision as to which method to use will be guided by the level of requirement for timely epidemiological and standardized results balanced against the laboratory costs and availability of labor resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 20-22, 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian Infection Control Association Fourth Biennial National Conference 2006 – The Key to Success 20-22 September 2006 – Sydney, Australia","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI06140","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>These abstracts contain information which represents the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily refect those of the Australian Infection Control Association Fourth Biennial Conference organisers or the host organisation. Abstracts are listed in programme order: These abstracts have been made available by the presenters. Abstracts are not available for all presentations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 140-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"101073074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposures experienced by medical students during overseas electives","authors":"Philippa Smith MBBS,&nbsp;Christina Drummond FRACP FAFPHM,&nbsp;Ian Woolley MBBS FRACP","doi":"10.1071/HI06123","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of occupational exposure to potentially-infected body fluids experienced by Australian medical students on elective rotations overseas. This was a retrospective study, using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire given to final year medical students enrolled at Monash University in 2003, who had completed their medical elective programme overseas between November 2002 and July 2003.</p><p>A total of 56 (67%) of the 84 students returned their questionnaires. Seven students (12.5% of those who returned completed questionnaires) reported sustaining occupational exposure to potentially-infected fluids during their elective. Twenty two (39%) of the students perceived that exposure to blood-borne viruses was the greatest risk to their health and safety while on elective. Only 21 (37%) of the students knew that their elective institution had a policy for the management of needlestick injuries. Of the 34 students who travelled to developing nations, 10 (29%) took a starter kit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus post-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PEP) medications with them.</p><p>Australian medical students are at a moderately high risk of sustaining occupational exposures to potentially infected fluids while on overseas electives. Multiple targets for risk minimisation were identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 123-124, 126-128, 130, 132-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59225965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporicidal activity of tea tree oil","authors":"Syndie Messager BSc PhD,&nbsp;Katherine A Hammer BSc PhD,&nbsp;Christine F Carson BSc (Hons) PhD,&nbsp;Thomas V Riley PhD FRCPath","doi":"10.1071/HI06112","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to the lack of antiseptics with sporicidal properties, the activity of tea tree oil (TTO)-containing products was investigated according to the EN 14347 European suspension method. The activity of different concentrations of TTO in 0.001% Tween 80, as well as an alcoholic hygienic skin wash (AHSW) and an alcoholic handrub (AHR), was compared to the sporicidal disinfectants sodium hypochlorite (SH) and hydrogen peroxide (HP), and the antiseptic povidone iodine (PVI). These formulations were assessed after 30, 60 and 120 minutes against two strains of spore-forming bacteria: <em>Bacillus</em> cereus and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>.</p><p>The TTO formulated products and PVI did not achieve &gt;4 log₁₀ reduction in spore counts, thus did not meet the European standard requirements. Nevertheless, 5%, 10% and 15% TTO in 0.001% Tween 80 significantly reduced the concentration of bacterial spores when compared with the water control, and were generally more effective than PVI. At a concentration of 15%, TTO was more active than 0.05% SH against spores of both strains after 30 minutes’ contact time, while 5% TTO in Tween 80 was generally more active than the AHSW that also contained 5% TTO.</p><p>These findings emphasise the fact that it is necessary to assess final formulations rather than the active component by itself as excipients may interfere with the activity. The alcohol-containing AHSW and AHR did not demonstrate any sporicidal properties, confirming previous studies showing that alcohol is not sporicidal and suggesting no synergy between TTO and alcohol against spores. Hence these should not be used for hand hygiene or surface decontamination if spores are involved. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the potential sporicidal activity of TTO directly on human skin <em>in vivo</em> with volunteers andlor by using an ’<em>ex vivo</em>’ test that uses freshly excised human skin and which would allow testing of any biocide as well as any spore-forming bacterial strain, including pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 112, 114, 116-118, 120-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Credentialling: the process so far","authors":"Chris Hunt,&nbsp;Jane Hellsten","doi":"10.1071/HI06108","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Page 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection control: another look","authors":"Rob Baird MBBS FRACP, Infectious Diseases Physician and Microbiologist","doi":"10.1071/HI06110","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06110","url":null,"abstract":"Infection control, or its more appropriate term 'healthcare epidemiology', has made dramatic advances in the last 20 years, with innovations such as universal precautions in 1987 following the HIV awareness of the 1980s, the many good national initiatives, such as AS4187 (1994 and onwards) and the various NH&MRC manuals have laid the groundwork for infection control practice and services.","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 110-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Watch","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI06134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI06134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Journal Watch presents a brief description of articles recently published in other journals and thought to be of relevance or interest to the AIC readership. Readers are encouraged to refer to the full article for complete information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 134-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137154322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary of Events 2007","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI06136","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 4","pages":"Page 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing a communication model of infection control in country South Australia: a qualitative approach","authors":"Haroon Dusmohamed RN RMN RNT MEd,&nbsp;Irene Wilkinson BSc (Hons) MPH MASM,&nbsp;Christine Hunt RN RM B.Nurs Grad Dip Infection Control CICP","doi":"10.1071/HI06090","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI06090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper summarises the elements of a qualitative approach used to develop a communication model for infection control in South Australia's (SA) rural and remote health services. In designing the qualitative approach, consideration was given to the geographical vastness of rural and remote SA, in particular the distance separating regional hospitals. A qualitative methodology based on different models of inquiry enabled the project coordinator to gain entry into the health services in order to investigate, in collaboration with the local staff, the possibility of implementing a centralised infection control communication model. Principles of grounded theory and methods facilitated the process of implementing change.</p><p>Gaining knowledge of the country regional health services by way of field visits and interviews was of great value as it provided insight into the special difficulties of health care delivery in remote and rural areas, where distance, funding, resources and accessibility are the main barriers in the delivery of care. The results show that careful planning, building relationships with regional staff, and working together to find potential solutions to problems helped to gain support for the proposed model. Although the project outcome was not exactly as proposed by this model, mainly due to a structural reorganisation of country health services, a country infection control forum has been established to ensure sustainability of the basic concepts of the model represented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 90, 92-94, 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary of Events 2006-2007","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI06100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI06100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"11 3","pages":"Page 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI06100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137222185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}