Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc最新文献

{"title":"Journal Watch","authors":"R. V. Van Gelder","doi":"10.1007/s40290-014-0048-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40290-014-0048-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"28 1","pages":"93 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40290-014-0048-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52677249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current issues in testing, selection and use of microbicides in infection control: a critical review","authors":"Syed A Sattar Ph.D","doi":"10.1071/HI04084","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infectious diseases remain a major threat to human health and, indeed, many aspects of modern life are increasing our vulnerability and exposure to a variety of frank and opportunistic pathogens. This, together with rampant antibiotic resistance and reduced prospects for new therapies and vaccines, is increasing our reliance on microbicides as a part of preventive strategies. However, a closer scrutiny of microbicide use reveals flaws in ’official’ methods for product registration, validity of label claims of microbicidal activity as well as short- and long-term health and environmental safety of many chemicals widely used for the purpose.</p><p>This review is a critical look at these issues, with particular emphasis on microbicides used for environmental surface and medical device disinfection in healthcare settings. It summarises current approaches to developing better ways of testing microbicides and to attain global harmonisation of testing and product registration. It also highlights the known and potential dangers of microbicide use in the workplace and the factors to consider in the selection and application of such formulations to optimise safety and effectiveness in the field.</p><p>A better awareness of the general safety issues must precede any continued reliance on microbicides in infection control. The information herein should help: infection control committees in their training, education and advisory services; materials managers in the purchase of suitable and safe products; infection control practitioners in microbicide use for enhanced workplace, patient and environmental safety; manufacturers in designing safer products and in making their labels more user-friendly, and; regulators in updating and refining the process of registration of microbicides. With the increasing reliance on microbicides in infection control, well-informed end-users are crucial to ensure that chemicals used for the purpose are handled as effectively and safely as possible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 84-86, 88-90, 92-94, 96-98, 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readers’ Forum The Emperor's New Clothes: surgical scrubs","authors":"Di Dreimanis RN BHSc (Nursing) MN,&nbsp;Wendy Beckingham RN BHSc (Nursing),&nbsp;Peter Collignon MB BS BSc (Med) FRACP FRCPA FASM","doi":"10.1071/HI04107","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The wearing of restricted attire (surgical scrubs) outside restricted areas continues to be a concern for the infection control team, other staff, visitors and patients at many hospitals. There is a widely held perception by many visitors and health care workers (HCWs) that, when this attire is worn outside restricted areas, discipline and infection control practices may not be of an acceptable standard. This issue is contentious as many HCWs in restricted areas feel that what they wear should not be a concern for ’outsiders’. There is also no evidence to show what they are doing (or not doing) will be associated with health-care associated infections.</p><p>This article has been written in an attempt to address the issue. It is opinion based and meant to be thought provoking. The objective was to develop a dress code policy for restricted and semi-restricted areas. The policy was to provide guidelines for surgical scrub attire and other items that are worn within and outside of the restricted areas. This policy was developed at The Canberra Hospital (TCH) in conjunction with key players from the operating rooms (OR), cardiac catheter laboratory, delivery suite, endoscopy and medical imaging.</p><p>We believe the development of policies that give clear guidelines to staff on the use of theatre attire and dress standards within theatre are essential. Failure to adhere to these guidelines will leave those who visit and/or work in hospitals to have a ’perception’ that infection control standards are less likely to be followed. ’Sloppy’ dress code can be perceived as ’sloppy’ work and infection control practices. While many issues to do with dress standards have not been subjected to rigorous independent scientific studies, the basis behind the dress standard follows many procedures introduced over 100 years ago to combat frequent infective complications of surgery¹. These practices are ’common sense’ and have biological plausibility on how these ’customs’ protect both staff and patients. We believe these practices should be followed unless well-controlled scientific studies show they are not needed. The development and implementation of such policies will make it much easier for infection control practitioners and other HCWs to ’police’ those that disregard the code of dress standards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Watch","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI04111","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Journal Watch presents a brief description of articles recently published in other journals and thought to be of relevance or interest to the AIC readership. Readers are encouraged to refer to the full article for complete information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 111-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37831518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary of Events","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI04116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI04116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 3","pages":"Page 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137398783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eradication of Acinetobacter baumannii from an intensive care unit","authors":"Jan Evans RN RM BHSc (Nursing) (Grad.Cert. Infection Control) ,&nbsp;Natalie Spearing RN BSN MBA ,&nbsp;Martyn Tilse MBBS FRCPA MPH ,&nbsp;Joe McCormack MB BCh FRCP MD FRACP","doi":"10.1071/HI04101","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2000/2001 an outbreak of multi-drug resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (MDR-AB) susceptible only to amikacin and tobramycin occurred in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a general public adult hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Over a 2 year period, a total of 32 new isolates were identified; in all cases, the isolates were considered to be colonising rather than infecting agents. No environmental or other source could be identified. A combination of infection control measures and antibiotic restriction contributed to the eradication of this organism from the ICU.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Watch","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI04074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI04074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Journal Watch presents a brief description of articles recently published in other journals and thought to be of relevance or interest to the AIC readership. Readers are encouraged to refer to the full article for complete information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 74-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90126343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of nursing staff occupational exposures in the operating suite following introduction of a prevention programme","authors":"Julie Hunt RN BN(Hons) MPH,&nbsp;Cathryn Murphy RN MPH PhD CIC (Dr)","doi":"10.1071/HI04057","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study measured the number and type of occupational exposures (OEs) reported by operating suite (OS) nurses after introducing a programme designed to reduce OEs among this group. OS included theatres (OT), day surgery units (DSUs) and anaesthetics &amp; recovery (A&amp;R). The researcher prospectively collected data relating to reported OEs in the OS from 1999 – 2001 in a 230 bed, not for profit, hospital in Sydney, Australia. An OE prevention programme commenced in 2000 and included health care worker (HCW) education, practice changes and implementation of sharps safety devices.</p><p>OE rates among OT and DSU nurses decreased from 2.53 to 1.11 per 1000 surgical procedures and from 1.84 to 1.27 per 1000 surgical procedures respectively over the 2 year study. Half (50%) of the OT OEs were caused by solid bore (suture) needles and occurred most frequently during use (41%). In contrast, in DSUs (35%) and in A&amp;R (67%), these OEs were due to mucocutaneous blood or body substance splashes to nurses not wearing protective eyewear. In DSUs, more than a quarter (26%) of the injuries occurred after use and before disposal.</p><p>Nurses reported a reduced rate of OEs after the OE prevention programme was introduced. However, HCW attitudes to OE risk and prevention, particularly in regard to using personal protective equipment (PPE) and complying with standard precautions, must change before behaviour and practice can be altered. Prevention programmes incorporating ongoing surveillance and analysis of OEs, including consideration of risk among occupational groups, identification of implicated devices and practices, and HCW feedback, are critical to improve HCW safety programmes. Managerial and administrative support is crucial to drive prevention efforts and inculcate a culture of safety within the healthcare facility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 57-60, 62-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a programme designed to reduce occupational exposures from steel-winged butterfly needles in the clinical setting","authors":"Paul Smollen RN GC(ICU) MN(Ed) MPH","doi":"10.1071/HI04047","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The risk of healthcare workers (HCWs) sustaining harm from needle stick/sharps injury (NSI) has been widely publicised, and the prevention and control of exposures to sharp instruments is a high profile issue. Hospital staff work in an environment where numerous sharp instruments are used as routine equipment in patient care.</p><p>The objective of the study was the evaluation of a programme devised to reduce the occupational exposures from steel winged butterfly needles for all hospital staff in the clinical setting – a 400 bed university tertiary referral hospital in Sydney, Australia. A 4 year, 6 month retrospective surveillance study from January 1998 - June 2002 was followed by a 1 year, 6 month post study period from July 2002 – December 2004. Between 1998 and March 2000, the total number of NSIs recorded against steel winged butterfly needles was 26, with the NSI rate associated to these devices at 4.1 per 1000 full-time equivalent (FTE) across four different staffing groups. From April 2000 – June 2002, following the introduction of a safety butterfly device and training sessions, the total reported NSIs recorded fell to four, or 0.6 per 1000 FTE, with NSIs occurring in only two staff groups, demonstrating a significant (χ²=12.197, p&lt;0.0005) decrease in the butterfly NSI rate. In conclusion, the introduction of a safety butterfly device and training sessions significantly reduced (by 86.6%) the amount and frequency of NSIs recorded against butterfly needles among clinical staff.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 47-50, 53-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest editorial: Needlestick injuries (NSIs): an ongoing problem","authors":"Michael Whitby","doi":"10.1071/HI04044","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI04044","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of HIV/AIDS almost 25 years ago brought with it a recognition of the risk to healthcare workers of needlestick injuries (NSIs). Those risks have now been quantified and vary from one in 250-300 for HIV, one in 10-33 for Hepatitis C, and one in 6-30 for Hepatitis B. In an individual situation, the potential for transmission varies with the serostatus of the source, size and type of sharp involved, and the potential for environmental degradation of the virus.","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 44-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI04044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59224475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}