Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc最新文献

{"title":"Healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staph aureus (MRSA) control in Australia and New Zealand-2007 Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases (ASID) Conference forum convened by Healthcare Infection Control Special Interest Group (HICSIG)","authors":"John Ferguson FRACP, FRCPA","doi":"10.1071/HI07060","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A forum on healthcare-associated (HCA) methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) control took place at the 2007 Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases (ASID) Conference in Hobart. The aim was to highlight differing rates of MRSA morbidity across Australia and New Zealand and explore the emerging consensus about patient screening and isolation processes.</p><p>Annual incidence of HCA MRSA bacteraemiae in Australia are much lower in Western Australia (WA) (1.1/100,000 population per year), Tasmania (0.6/100,000), South Australia (SA) (2.4/100,000) and Queensland (3.4/100,000) compared with Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (9.2/100,000), New South Wales (NSW) (6.3–8.7/100,000), Darwin (13.3/100,000) and Victoria (5.4–6.6/100,000). Lowest rates are associated with use of more stringent approaches to MRSA infection control as can be seen in WA and New Zealand.</p><p>Conference delegates strongly supported the concept of a surveillance system that generates nationally comparable data on HCA <em>S. aureus</em> infections (including MRSA). A possible mechanism would be the adoption of a uniform national indicator for HCA <em>S. aureus</em> bloodstream infection.</p><p>In terms of infection control management of MRSA, most jurisdictions appear to be moving towards more stringent approaches. Implementation of more active control in NSW and Victoria, the states with the largest burden of MRSA disease, is hindered by resource and logistic considerations and perhaps a lack of unified professional support behind such measures. However, it is likely that better control efforts would reduce patient morbidity significantly and be cost-effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 60, 62-64, 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59227288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary of Events 2007","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI07070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI07070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 2","pages":"Page 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91654775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection control: another look","authors":"Wendy Beckingham,&nbsp;Di Dreimanis,&nbsp;Peter Collignon","doi":"10.1071/HI07042","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 42-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59227359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza vaccination for health care workers","authors":"Jan Davies MBA, PhD,&nbsp;Alan Hampson MSc, Hon M.D.(Melb), OAM","doi":"10.1071/HI07005","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07005","url":null,"abstract":"The evidence to support the vaccination of health care workers is robust. In a recent systematic review Burls and colleagues 5 concluded that influenza vaccination is highly effective in health care workers with minimal adverse effects, and that it protects them and provides indirect protection to people at high risk of developing complications from influenza. Another recent study by Hayward and colleagues 6 used a pair matched cluster randomised control trial design and found that vaccinating aged care facility staff can prevent deaths, health service use, influenza like illness and hospital admissions in residents during periods of moderate influenza activity.","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New control chart methods for monitoring MROs in Hospitals","authors":"Anthony Morton MSc(Appl), MD,&nbsp;Michelle Gatton BSc(Hons), PhD,&nbsp;Edward Tong BA, BSc (Hons),&nbsp;Archie Clements MVM, PhD","doi":"10.1071/HI07014","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Routine surveillance of colonisations with multiple antibiotic resistant organisms (MROs) is now widespread and these data are increasingly summarised in control charts. The purpose of their analysis in this manner is to provide early warning of outbreaks or to judge the response to system changes designed to reduce colonisation rates. Conventional statistical process control (SPC) charts assume independence of observations. In addition, there needs to be a run of stable, non-trended (stationary) data values to obtain accurate control limits.</p><p>Colonisation with an MRO is not an independent event as it must involve transmission from a carrier and this can lead to excessive variation. In addition, non-linear trends are often present and MRO prevalence data display temporal correlation. The latter occurs when data at particular times are more like data at related, usually contiguous times, than data from more distant times; thus they are not temporally independent. These characteristics make it difficult to implement conventional SPC charts with MRO data. To overcome these problems, we suggest the use of generalised additive models (GAMs) when there is no temporal correlation, as with new colonisations, and generalised additive mixed models (GAMMs) when temporal correlation is present; as occurs commonly with prevalence data. We illustrate their use with multi-resistant methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (mMRSA) prevalence and new colonisation data. These methods are able to deal with excess variability, trends and temporal correlation. They are easily implemented in the freely available R software package.</p><p>Our analysis demonstrates an upward non-linear trend in mMRSA prevalence between January 2004 and October 2006. The mMRSA new colonisation data also display an upward trend between September 2005 and May 2006. Monthly new colonisation rates exceeded the upper control limit in April 2005 and equalled it in May 2006. There was a modest downward trend in the new colonisation rate in the latter part of 2006.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 14, 16-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of pre-diagnostic data sources for influenza surveillance","authors":"Lynne Dailey BSc, MPH,&nbsp;Rochelle E Watkins BSc (Physio), PhD,&nbsp;Thomas V Riley BAppSc, MAppEpid, PhD,&nbsp;Aileen J Plant MBBS, DTM&H, MPH, PhD","doi":"10.1071/HI07008","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditionally, influenza is monitored via passive surveillance, which is often neither timely nor likely to identify an outbreak early in its course. Early detection of influenza epidemics could prevent significant morbidity and mortality and as a result the emphasis of research has changed to investigate early indicators for detection. This review identifies the strengths and weaknesses of data sources available for influenza surveillance and their potential impact on infection control resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 8, 10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Watch","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI07026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI07026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Journal Watch presents a brief description of articles recently published in other journals and thought to be of relevance or interest to the AIC readership. Readers are encouraged to refer to the full article for complete information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 26, 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136933309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV testing following significant body fluid exposure","authors":"Tony Panayotou B App Sci (MLS), M App Sci (MS),&nbsp;John Hamblin B App Sci (MLS), M App Sci (MLS)","doi":"10.1016/S1329-9360(16)30025-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1329-9360(16)30025-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Page 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1329-9360(16)30025-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56482329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary of Events 2007","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/HI07030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HI07030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Page 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136932834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for an Influenza Pandemic","authors":"Rhonda Stuart MBBS, FRACP, PHD, Associate Editor","doi":"10.1071/HI07004","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI07004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92877,"journal":{"name":"Australian infection control : official journal of the Australian Infection Control Association Inc","volume":"12 1","pages":"Page 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI07004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59226925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}