International journal of diabetes and clinical research最新文献

{"title":"Diabetes in Latin America: Prevalence, Complications, and Socio-Economic Impact","authors":"Sinisterra-Loaiza L, Cardelle-Cobas A, Abraham Ag, Calderon Mn, E. Ma, González-Olivares Lg, Gotteland M, Pazos-Sierra A, Martin S San, Cepeda A, Gagliardino Jj, Project Group Iberobdia","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410112","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000 \u0000To review and update epidemiological data on type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Spain and four Latin American countries: Colombia, Mexico, Chile, and Argentina. \u0000Methods \u0000Literature was reviewed by a search of PubMed, publications of the Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, International Diabetes Federation, and other public health agencies of each respective country. \u0000Results \u0000Of the five countries above, Mexico (13.6%) had the highest prevalence of diabetes, followed by Spain (10.4%). Within these countries, significant differences between urban and rural areas were observed (7.8% and 1.4%, respectively). Diabetes consumes between 7% and 15% of the total expenditure of these countries' national health budgets. Mortality due to this disease has been reduced in different countries, demonstrating the success of measures taken to control this situation. \u0000Conclusion \u0000The literature shows that despite different eating habits and environments, Spain and these Latin American countries share a comparable magnitude of the T2D problem. Therefore, it might be worthwhile to implement similar effective educational programmes to solve it. \u0000Diabetes Mellitus (DM), one of the largest epidemics of the 21st century [1,2], is a chronic condition due to lack or insufficient production of insulin to cope with increased demand from peripheral tissues with a resulting constant increase in blood glucose [3]. It imposes a heavy burden on both the person suffering the disease as well as the public health system. \u0000Type 2 diabetes (T2D), is the most frequent clinical form of this disease (about 90% of all cases) [4] that frequently appears in older adults but is currently increasing its development at younger ages -even children and adolescents- associated with a higher incidence of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy diets [5]. \u0000T2D usually develops asymptomatically, making early diagnosis difficult to establish, and frequently taking a decade or more to reach one [6]. It is characterized by a decrease of tissue sensitivity to insulin (insulin resistance), together with decreased mass and function of pancreatic β-cells [7]. This defect leads to impaired glucose metabolism in liver, muscle, and fat cells [8]. \u0000The development of T2D is preceded by a stage of prediabetes characterized by blood glucose concentrations above normal (> 100 mg/dL) but below the cut off for diabetes diagnosis (≥ 126 mg/dL), which implies a higher risk of developing T2D in the future [9]. The prediabetes stage includes impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and a combination of these two alterations [10]. These different stages present a different chronological degree of annual progression to T2D [6]. However, this progression is possible to prevent, and normal glucose metabolism may even be restored by the adoption of healthy life styles [11]. However, since prediabetes is frequently associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseas","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43462468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More Than Just 1200 Foot Care Nurses in America are Needed for 30.3 Million People Who Have Diabetes","authors":"E. SharpeJacqueline","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48764698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it Time to Review the Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Diabetes Management?","authors":"Quang Le Minh","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410110","url":null,"abstract":"• Page 1 of 4 • Quang. Int J Diabetes Clin Res 2019, 6:110 Citation: Quang LM (2019) Is it Time to Review the Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Diabetes Management?. Int J Diabetes Clin Res 6:110. doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410110 Accepted: September 17, 2019: Published: September 19, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Quang LM. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Is it Time to Review the Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Diabetes Management?","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45014086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring Guided Assessment of Concentrated 200 IU/Ml rDNA Human Premix 30/70 Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","authors":"Thacker Hemant, K. Jothydev, Ingole Shahu, Rajgopal Jayesh, J. Rishi","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are on insulin analogues which are costly as well as usage of higher units of insulin on a daily basis increases the cost of the monthly therapy. Concentrated insulin are a way forward for patients who needs higher units of insulin especially Human insulin which address the issues of higher cost and the need for higher concentration in the same or lesser volume of insulin. However, data on 24-hour glycemic control with concentrated insulin in Indian T2DM patients are limited. Hence, this study was conducted to study 24hour glycemic control in T2DM patients treated with U-200 by measuring the variability in 24-hr blood glucose profile measured using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device over 6 days. Material and methods: In this prospective, open label single arm, two center study, adult T2DM patients on treatment with human insulin (regular/NPH/Premix) on stable insulin dose were treated with U-200 for 6 days. Variability in 24-hour blood glucose profile was measured by estimating mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE). Duration and frequency of hypoglycemic (< 70 mg/dl) and hyperglycemic (> 150 mg/dl) episodes were recorded. Results: Sixty patients (mean age of 55.47 ± 9.68 years) were included. Mean number of hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic episodes were 2.64 and 0.22 with mean duration of 165.16 min and 27.35 min respectively. Blood glucose levels were within the normal limits (70-150 mg/dL) for 62.35% of time. MAGE was 77.24 ± 22.50 mg/dL. In this study, not a single patient experienced any adverse event. Conclusion: U200 insulin led to less glycemic variability, minimal hypoglycemia and efficient glucose control in Indian T2DM patients.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Novel Use of a Group Event for Young Adults with Diabetes to Promote Completion of Essential Diabetes Checks and Diabetes Education","authors":"R. Ravindran, Specialist Register in Diabetes, K. Obuobie, S. Ward, E. Jones, C. Diabetes","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410108","url":null,"abstract":"Management of polygenic disorder in young adults (aged 16-24 years) brings a singular set of challenges and issues that need any scrutiny. polygenic disorder may be a chronic condition and having the proper care timely is important permanently health and future well-being. one in three and three in four young diabetics develop renal disorder and retinopathy in their early 20s. Majority of those complications occur at intervals eight years of their identification of polygenic disorder. A study worn out the U.S showed that solely Revolutionary Organization 17 November of early young adults (ages 18-25) and half-hour currently young adults (ages 26-30) with polygenic disorder were ready to deliver the goods glycemic management [1]. Longitudinal follow up studies have shown that up to five hundredth of young diabetics develop diabetes-related complications in their 20s [2]. the chance of developing future complications like retinal, urinary organ and nerve complications ar reduced by shut observation (annual review checks), adequate treatment with hormone and patient education tailored to a personal desires. Despite these essential health and psychosocial considerations, there's a notable lack of evidence-based clinical services and support for young adults with polygenic disorder. \u0000The transition from medicine to adult care services for chronic conditions as well as polygenic disorder is poorly managed in most units and is carried into young adulthood [3]. A literature review in Gregorian calendar month 2010 of ten studies showed that the foremost ordinarily used approaches to boost the attendances in young adult clinics was patient education [1]. though effective at first, the clinics see a gradual decline in attendances as time progresses and inflated disengagement by the patients in these clinics [4]. \u0000Traditional young adult clinics are shown to own restricted impact and not 'fit for purpose'. though assistance is offered in young diabetic clinics, most frequently they're expected to require management and responsivity of their polygenic disorder and overall health. A high rate of patients failing to attend these clinics is noted. The challenges featured by young diabetic people ar several [5] associated it becomes tough as they're in an unstable amount of development. a number of the challenges embody changes in life style like education, jobs; ever-changing and evolving inhume personal relationships with members of the family, partners, friends; and adapting to the constant and typically complicated changes in their treatment. This has crystal rectifier to poor management of patient's polygenic disorder and adverse outcomes on their health. though it's quite clear that another approach is required, there's a scarceness of knowledge supported that changes to associate existing system may be created [1]. \u0000It was powerfully felt that associate alternate approach may have the potential to alter the present care being offered to young adults with p","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45377225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic Autoantibodies in Sudanese Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Mahdi Yahya Rabab, Hashim Urwa, Abdullah","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46642917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Proteinuria among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen","authors":"Dr. Aleem Ali, Ali Abdullatif Daiffallah, Jermozy Hussein Al","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic nephropathy remains the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Microalbuminuria is the first clinical sign of renal dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus. A urine total protein: creatinine ratio (TPCR) is a convenient and inexpensive measure of proteinuria and could be used to predict the presence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of proteinuria among type2 diabetic patients in Dhamar governorate, Yemen. Method: This was a cross sectional study, spot urine TPCR was performed on 200 diabetic patients who attended the diabetic clinic at Dhamar General Hospital and Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital from March 2016 to June 2016. Results: This study indicated higher prevalence of pathological proteinuria (TPCR ≥ 150 mg/g of creatinine) 64% of the study population. Estimated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) revealed that 49% of the diabetic patients had microalbuminuria (ACR 30-300 mg/g) and 25.5% was estimated as macroalbuminuria (ACR > 300 mg/g). Multivariate analysis revealed that the Hypertension (Ad OR: 3.44; % CI: 1.57-7.55; p: 0.002), duration of diabetes 5-10 years (Ad OR: 5.55; % CI: 2.22-13.89; p: 0.000) and beyond 10 years (Ad OR: 8.88; % CI: 3.04-24.77; p: 0.000) and obesity (Ad OR: 0.15; % CI: 0.03-0.69; p: 0.015) were associated with a progressively greater likelihood of pathological proteinuria. Conclusion: The present study revealed high prevalence of nephropathy among Type-2 diabetic patients. Hypertension, duration of diabetes and obesity are the risk factors associated with diabetic proteinuria. Screening for TPCR and estimation of microalbuminuria allow early identification of nephropathy which help in implementing effective interventions to manage the risk factors and prevent the serious diabetic complications.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42572352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Fractionated Neem Leaf Extract (IRC) on Blood Glucose Level in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats","authors":"Okpe Aaron C, Shu Elvis N, Nwadike kenneth I, Udeinya Iroka J, Nubila Nubila, Nkoyo I, Aniagor Ebele N","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410105","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the hypoglycaemic effects of fractionated neem leaf extract (IRC) on alloxan induced diabetic wistar rats. IRC dissolved in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) PH 7.2 was administered as 50 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg single doses and 5 mg/ kg, 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg repeated doses in the diabetic rats while in the normoglycaemic rats 100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg were used respectively. The positive control groups received single and repeated doses of glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) while the negative control groups were left untreated in each case. Single doses of the extract in diabetic wistar rats produced maximal dose dependent percentage reduction after 4 hours of administration with percentage reductions of 13.10% (500 mg/kg), 14.40% (1000 mg/kg) and 17.50% (2000 mg/kg) respectively. The result shows that 500 mg/kg repeated doses gave the highest percentage reduction in fasting blood glucose in alloxan induced diabetic rats after 7, 14 and 21 days as follows 55%, 31.7% and 29.3% while 250 mg/kg repeated doses produced the highest percentage reduction of fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic rats at 7, 14 and 21 days and are 21.4%, 26.6%, 25.16% respectively. In conclusion, IRC lowered fasting blood glucose levels in non-diabetic and alloxan induced diabetic rats when given orally.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46852494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMART Population Screening and Management in Qatar","authors":"Abdulla Samya Ahmad Al, Hassan Dahlia Mustafa, Mohammed Azza Mustafa, B. Joelle","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410099","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains one of the world’s most debilitating diseases. According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Qatari Adult population is approximately 17%. By 2020, it will contribute to 7% of the total disease burden, and 10% of the mortality in Qatar. The burden of the disease is higher among Qatari National. “Qatari nationality was the strongest risk factor for DM” [1]. Our aim is to try to study the association between key risk factors and the risk of having “Diabetic Status” defined as hemoglobin A1c >= 5.7 among Adult Qatari nationals. In addition, we tried to evaluate the impact of initiatives that encourage the adoption of healthier life style such as the Primary Health Care Corporation’s SMART Clinics. Methods: The SMART clinic was firstly established at Al Wakra Health Center in the Southern region of Doha, Qatar. At the clinic individuals were screened for type II DM and depending on the outcome, a specific pathway was designed for them to follow ensuring patients and their families remained on the correct health initiative. A cross-sectional study design was used to study adult Qatari nationals registered at Al Wakra Health center’s Smart Clinic using data obtained between (Jan 2015-Jan 2016). The sample chosen was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using scaled hemoglobin A1c readings, participants were categorize into normal, pre-diabetic or diabetic ranges. We examined the association between key risk factors and having “Diabetic Status” using multiple logistic regression, and we estimated odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Using a paired sample T-Test we examined the before and after HbA1c mean levels to try to determine the effectiveness of the intervention introduced to pre-diabetic and diabetic participants. Results: 3515 adult Qatari individuals were screened for type II DM. Out of them we chose 1876 subjects who had complete data on key risk variables to be studied. From multiple regression analysis we found that variables namely “Age, BMI, Blood Pressure, Central Obesity, HDL Level, and Cholesterol Level” were associated with a greater risk of having “Diabetic Status” (P < 0.05). Age group (>= 58) (OR = 7.822; 95% CI = 4.287-14.273; P = 0.000) when compared to the reference group (18-27). High Blood pressure (>= 140/90) (OR = 2.176; 95% CI = 1.520-3.177; P = 0.000) when compared to the reference group (BP < 140/90). HDL (< 1.03), OR = 1.917; 95% CI = 1.192-3.085; P = 0.007) when compared to the reference group (HDL > 1.55). Cholesterol level (> 6.2) (OR = 1.966; 95% CI = 1.1743.293; P = 0.010) when compared to the reference group (<= 6.2). BMI >= 25 (OR = 1.555; 95% CI = 1.045-2.314; P = 0.029) when compared to the reference group (BMI < 25). Central Obesity (Males with waist circumference >= 102 cm, and females with waist circumference >= 88 cm) (OR = 1.370; 95% CI = 1.031-1.819; P = 0.030) when compared to the reference group (males WC < 102 cm,","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42398964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Medical Case Masquerading as Surgical Pathology in an Individual Living with Diabetes","authors":"R. Ravikumar, Obuobie Kofi","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410100","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosing the cause of abdominal pain in a young type 1 diabetic can be a challenging task and involves a wide array of differential diagnosis. Most commonly the pain is thought to be secondary to diabetic neuropathy. It becomes even more problematic if there is significant weight loss, if extensive investigations have not found any organic pathology and if the pain does not fit into any pattern of diabetic neuropathy. We present such a case where a young 21-years-old female diabetic had lost 16 kgs in 6 months due to diffuse left sided abdominal pain with radiation to the back. It was also associated with a very poor diabetic control with a HbA1C of 150 mmol/l. Despite trying a wide variety and combination of different pain killers (Amitriptyline, Paracetamol, Codeine, Duloxetine, Pregabalin, TENS machine, oral Morphine and Tramadol), there was no relief and the patient continued to lose weight. The investigations which included Short Synacthen test, contrast CT of the abdomen/pelvis, MRI of the abdomen, capsule endoscopy, OGD (with normal duodenal biopsies) and MRI of the spine were all normal. Also anti TTG antibodies were negative. She proceeded to have Left iliopsoas muscle block after liaising with the pain control team. This resulted in complete resolution of the pain. She began to regain the lost weight and her weight has remained stable at 49 kgs. This was a case of iliopsoas syndrome masquerading as a surgical pathology.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49158834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}