International journal of diabetes and clinical research最新文献

{"title":"Histopathological Alteration in STZ-Nicotinamide Diabetic Rats, a Complication of Diabetes or a Toxicity of STZ?","authors":"Elamin Nahid MH, Fadlalla Imt, Omer Shadia A, Ibrahim Hala AM","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410091","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) previously known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes mellitus. The rapid increasing prevalence, high morbidity and mortality of the disease must be encountered by an increase in scientific research. Animal models are very important in the preclinical studies to validate the use of new drugs. Streptozotocin nicotinamide (STZ-NA) is used to induce T2DM in animals. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess STZ-NA as a model of T2DM and to investigate the causative factors that lead to hepatic histopathological changes. Methodology: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. One normal non-diabetic control group (NNC) (n = 6), two diabetic groups subdivided into non-treated diabetic group (NTD) (n = 6) and metformin treated diabetic group (MTD) (n = 7) and the fourth group was composed of rats failed to develop diabetes [failed induction group (FIG)] (n = 6). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg-bw) 15 min after intraperitoneal administration of nicotinamide (120 mg/kgbw). Induction of diabetes was confirmed after 72 hours by fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 250 mg/dl. 8 weeks after induction, oral glucose tolerance test was performed; blood samples were taken for analysis of lipid profile, urea, creatinine and hepatic enzymes; samples from the liver were prepared for histopathological study and samples from the skeletal muscles were taken for determination of insulin receptor content by Elisa. Results: Metformin improved glucose intolerance. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly reduced in the NTD group compared with the NNC group (P value 0.006) whereas no significant difference in low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides detected. Skeletal muscle insulin receptor was reduced in both diabetic groups yet, reduction was significant in MTD group compared with NTD group [P values were (0.01) and (0.06) in the MTD and NTD respectively]. Hepatic enzymes, urea and creatinine were within normal range. Histopathological study revealed hepatic histopathological alterations which were more obvious in NTD compared with MTD and FIG. Conclusion: Our study showed that STZ-NA is a good model for T2DM regarding hyperglycemia, response to metformin, dyslipidemia and the histopathological changes. In addition, it emphasized that hepatic hydropic degeneration of the hepatocytes was a consequence of diabetes rather than STZ.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42703827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous Insulin Safety Concerns","authors":"M. Jeanne","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410094","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Manzi J (2018) Subcutaneous Insulin Safety Concerns. Int J Diabetes Clin Res 5:094. doi. org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410094 Accepted: September 27, 2018: Published: September 29, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Manzi J. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Protective Effect of Resveratrol on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy","authors":"K. Tugba, K. Muammer","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42950062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Kidney Damage in Diabetics on Alternative Medicine","authors":"Ragoobirsingh Dalip, Morrison Errol, T. Herbert","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410082","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study was designed to ascertain whether plant extracts had deleterious effects on patients using it to replace or compliment their prescribed medication. Animal model studies were also conducted to confirm or negate the findings in the patient study. Methods: Thirteen diabetic patients who had a history of exposure to herbal treatment and/or food toxins were compared to 10 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 10 normal controls. Each group was matched for age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and in the case of the diabetic controls duration of diabetes. Microalbumin, urinary amylase, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood pressure were measured using standard techniques. Purified extract from the seeds of the annatto, Bixa Orellana, was fed to anesthetized mongrel dogs (n = 8-14). Subsequently, oral glucose tolerance tests and insulin measurements were performed using the standard methods. Concomitant electron microscopy of tissue biopsies was done. Results: Microalbuminuria was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in those that used bush medicines than in the control groups. Urinary amylase concentration was also higher in the former. Confounding factors such as high blood pressure and urinary tract infections were excluded as causes for the differences. The purified extract demonstrated hyperglycemia in the dog model. Electron microscopy of tissue biopsies revealed damage to major organs especially kidneys and pancreas. Conclusion: It is apparent that patients who substitute or take bush treatment along with or instead of their prescribed medication suffer severe kidney damage as confirmed by the animal studies.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45055024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different Insulin Initiation Regimens in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - A Review Article","authors":"Ali Mir Mudassir, Aung Khin Thida, Ali Meela, Eligar Vs, Davie Js, Young Madelein","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose Tolerance Test in Clinical Practice is Varied in Basic Research","authors":"Cheng Kai-Chun, Li Yingxiao, Cheng Juei-Tang","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410084","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Kai-Chun C, Li Y, Juei-Tang C (2018) Glucose Tolerance Test in Clinical Practice is Varied in Basic Research. Int J Diabetes Clin Res 5:084. doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410084 Received: January 26, 2018: Accepted: March 13, 2018: Published: March 16, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Kai-Chun C, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49318803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age at the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Correlates with Phenotype of Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase","authors":"F. Gloria‐Bottini, E. Antonacci, A. Neri, A. Magrini, E. Bottini","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410081","url":null,"abstract":"Several lines of evidence suggests that cytosolic Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (cLMWPTP), encoded by ACP1 gene, could be a candidate gene for T2D. Previous studies, however, have not found a direct association between enzyme phenotype and susceptibility to the disease but have only found associations with its clinical manifestations. The data reported in present note suggest that in subjects with advancing age a significant direct associations between cLMWPTP and susceptibility to T2D may indeed exist. Two hundred seventy four subjects with T2D from the population of Penne were studied. All patients gave informed verbal consent to participate in the study that was approved by the Sanitary Direction of Hospital. 380 subjects without T2D were studied in the same population as controls. cLMWPTP phenotype was determined by starch gel electrophoresis. Statistical analyses were carried out by SPSS programs. In patients aging more than 67 years at onset of T2D (corresponding to 90° centile of age distribution) the proportion of cLMWPTP phenotype is statistically different from that of patients aging 67 years or less at onset of the disease and from that of controls. Most of the difference is due to ACP1 B and CB phenotypes: B phenotype shows a progressive decrease of frequency with advancing age at the onset while CB shows an increase of frequency with advancing age of onset. Environmental, alimentary and life style factors could anticipate the onset of T2D: these factors may overshadow the effect of cLMWPTP on susceptibility to T2D: this effect seems to emerge in subjects experiencing the disease in advancing age. REsEARch ARticlE","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45945283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Blood Lipids in Minorities with Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Joel C Exebio, Sahar Ajabshir, Adriana Campa, Tan Li, Gustavo G Zarini, Fatma G Huffman","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410093","DOIUrl":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency and type 2 diabetes are common among Hispanics and African Americans in the US. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of supplemental vitamin D intake (4000 IU/day or 6000 IU/day of vitamin D3 over a 6-month period) on blood lipids in a sample of African Americans and Hispanics with type 2 diabetes and vitamin D insufficiency.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Participants (n = 75) were recruited by community outreach. Participants in both groups were required to take either 4000 IU or 6000 IU of vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) per day given in the form of a pill in a single daily dose. Mixed model was used to compare treatment effects (4000 IU vs. 6000 IU) on the outcome variables. Bonferroni multiple comparison test was used to detect significant changes from baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant decrease in total cholesterol (from 193.88 ± 41.03 to 180.48 ± 27.53 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = 0.040) and triglycerides (from 201.44 ± 91.35 to 172.92 ± 76.87 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = 0.037) was found for the 6000 IU group at 6 months. The significance was lost after adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that the positive effect of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile may be mediated by other cofactors related to vitamin D metabolism among Hispanic and African American participants with type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6731032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48056912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}