British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Switzerland: the European crossroad of sports eligibility decision-making in athletes with cardiovascular conditions.","authors":"David Niederseer, Aaron L Baggish","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-112557","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-112557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1191-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148688476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal 24-hour movement behaviour compositions across trimesters and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: the Pregnancy 24/7 cohort study.","authors":"Kara Whitaker, Alex Crisp, Jacob Gallagher, Melissa Jones, Jaemyung Kim, Katrina Wilhite, Karina Smith, Sabera Rahman, Alexis Thrower, Janet Catov, Christopher Kline, Maisa Feghali, Donna Santillan, Mark Santillan, Iqra Sheikh, Bridget Zimmerman, Bethany Barone Gibbs","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111091","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are primary antecedents of maternal cardiovascular morbidity during and after pregnancy. Despite evidence that 24-hour movement behaviours, including moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity physical activity (MVPA, LPA), sedentary behaviour (SED) and sleep, relate to cardiovascular disease risk, associations with HDP are unknown. This study identified optimal 24-hour behavioural compositions across pregnancy associated with lower HDP risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Pregnancy 24/7 cohort study (N=500) quantified 24-hour movement behaviours in each trimester (10⁰-12⁶, 20⁰-22⁶ and 32⁰-34⁶ weeks gestation) and examined associations with HDP. Participants were enrolled between 2021-2024 from three US study sites. Movement behaviours were quantified from 7-day × 24-hour monitor wear using the activPAL3 micro (MVPA, LPA and SED) and Actiwatch Spectrum Plus (sleep). HDP (gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia) was abstracted from medical records. Compositional binomial regression models predicted HDP risk based on isometric log-ratio transformation of 24-hour movement behaviours. Optimal overlapping behavioural compositions were identified by aggregating up to three repeated assessments of 24-hour data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 470 participants with complete data, 86 (18.3%) developed HDP. The optimal overlapping daily composition (0-5th percentile) associated with the lowest HDP risk (7.2%) consisted of 5.9 (5.5-6.6) hours SED, 7.9 (6.4-8.9) hours LPA, 7 (2-22) minutes MVPA and 10.1 (8.5-11.3) hours sleep. Risk increased exponentially among participants with more than 10 hours/day of SED or less than 5 hours/day of LPA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SED and LPA were the strongest modifiable predictors of HDP, independent of trimester. These findings inform behavioural intervention targets to reduce the risk of HDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1226"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effects of exogenous ketosis on physiological adaptation to exercise in hypoxia(PhD Academy Award).","authors":"Myrthe Stalmans","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111819","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111819","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1272-1274"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic yield of borderline ECG changes and ectopic beats in football players.","authors":"Kentaro Yamagata, Jonathan A Drezner, Dan Augustine, Michael Bowes, Paul Clift, Robert M Cooper, Antoinette Kenny, David Oxborough, Kiran Patel, Dhrubo Rakhit, David Ripley, Tristan Ramcharan, Georgina K Stebbings, Amanda M Varnava, John Walsh, Zaheer Yousef, Charlotte M Cowie, Jamie S McPhee, Sanjay Sharma, Aneil Malhotra","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2026-111868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic yield and clinical implications of so-called 'borderline' ECG findings and ectopic beats in elite football players, in accordance with the 2017 International Criteria (IC17) for ECG interpretation in athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 17 685 professional footballers (84.7% males) underwent cardiac screening including a 12-lead ECG and echocardiography between 2017 and 2024. Borderline ECG changes were classified according to the IC17. Supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats were also analysed. Prevalence of cardiac pathology (major and minor) among athletes with borderline changes was compared with those athletes with normal ECGs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Borderline ECG findings were present in 1389 (7.9%) athletes (8.8% males, 2.6% females; p<0.001), with right atrial enlargement being the most frequently observed pattern (5.5%). Major cardiac pathology was incidentally identified in 2 (1.43%) athletes with isolated left atrial enlargement, compared with 9 (0.06%) athletes with normal ECGs (p=0.004), including 1 case of an anomalous coronary origin and another case with significant aortic root dilatation-both unrelated to the ECG findings. All other borderline patterns as well as ectopy did not reveal any major pathology. No major conditions were identified in 42 athletes with isolated ≥2 borderline ECG findings. Minor cardiac pathology was identified in 18 (1.41%) athletes with isolated borderline findings and in 3 (2.07%) athletes with isolated ectopy. When ≥2 borderline findings were present, 2.38% athletes revealed minor pathology (p=0.463). Minor cardiac pathology was found in 212 (1.34%) of athletes with normal ECGs (p=0.836).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Borderline ECG criteria in the IC17 and ventricular ectopy are poor discriminators for major and minor cardiac pathology in athletes. Borderline changes including ≥2 findings do not warrant further evaluation and could be considered normal findings in future iterations of ECG interpretation criteria in athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder and related disorders in elite athletes: a narrative review.","authors":"Cindy Miller Aron, Emily Kroshus-Havril, Mary E Hitchcock, Claudia L Reardon","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111493","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review examines post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma- and stressor-related mental health disorders in elite athletes. Elite athletes may experience these disorders at higher rates than the general population owing to disproportionate exposure to traumas and stressors, which can be experienced at individual and collective levels. These disorders can be difficult to detect due to complex symptom presentations and coping strategies that may mask symptoms. They can have both psychological and somatic components, and this dual nature has significant relevance for elite athletes given sport demands. Early identification of elite athletes suffering from trauma- and stressor-related symptoms may prevent progression to PTSD and other chronic mental health disorders. Cultural considerations specific to trauma require attention, as athletes' diverse cultural backgrounds shape help-seeking behaviours, symptom expression, stigma and access to care. Within a framework of trauma-informed care, first-line psychotherapies are generally cognitive-behavioural therapy-based, and first-line pharmacological treatments are generally serotonergic antidepressants. Team-based interventions may be necessary if there is a vicarious aspect to traumas or stressors. Future needs for the field include study and implementation of coordinated approaches to trauma screening and trauma- and stressor-related symptom screening for elite athletes. Healthcare providers and other entourage members for elite athletes should receive education on trauma-informed approaches. Organisational supports should facilitate implementation of trauma-informed care. Further research is needed on all types of traumas and stressors and particularly on institutional and systemic maltreatment as well as on established and emerging therapies as uniquely applied to elite athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1168-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining mental health literacy strategies in elite sport.","authors":"Paul Gorczynski, Brian Hainline, Emily Kroshus-Havril","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111476","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1073-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The International Olympic Committee advances a second Consensus Statement on Mental Health in Elite Athletes.","authors":"Brian Hainline, Vincent Gouttebarge, Emily Kroshus-Havril, Claudia L Reardon","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111464","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1071-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contextualising the IOC consensus statement on mental health in elite athletes for low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Tshepang Tshube, Paul Gorczynski, Frank Lu, Scott Sloan, Vincent Gouttebarge, Brian Hainline, Claudia L Reardon, Leslie Swartz","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111484","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1075-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptoms in high-performance athletes and non-athletes: a comparative meta-analysis update.","authors":"Paul Gorczynski, Sharaisha Chanita Bilgoe, Vincent Gouttebarge, Mary E Hitchcock, Alan Currie","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111429","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Provide an updated comparison of the prevalence of mild or more severe depressive symptoms between high-performance athletes and non-athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Comparative OR meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed (Medline), PsycINFO (Ebsco), Scopus (Elsevier) and SportDiscus (Ebsco). We conducted hand searches of reference lists of relevant papers.</p><p><strong>Eligibility: </strong>Studies were included that were published in full in English; compared high-performance athletes and non-athletes; used a validated measure of depressive symptoms; and provided the prevalence of individuals who indicated at least mild depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1834 records were screened, 58 reviewed for eligibility, and five studies were included and added to five studies from our previous meta-analysis. Collectively, 10 studies reporting data on 2430 high-performance athletes and 2725 non-athletes were evaluated. A risk of bias in prevalence studies assessment demonstrated an agreement between the two evaluating authors that was considered substantial or strong with a kappa statistic of 0.75. There was no significant difference in depressive symptom prevalence between high-performance athletes and non-athletes (OR=1.016, 95% CI=0.815 to 1.267, p=0.888). Male high-performance athletes (n=1708) were no more likely than male non-athletes (n=1556) to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms (OR=0.936, 95% CI=0.710 to 1.235, p=0.641). Female high-performance athletes (n=722) were no more likely than female non-athletes (n=1157) to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.031, 95% CI=0.818 to 1.299, p=0.796). Male high-performance athletes (n=1019) were 47% less likely to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms than female high-performance athletes (n=722) (OR=0.527, 95% CI=0.418 to 0.664, p<0.001). Male non-athletes (n=955) were 33% less likely to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms than female non-athletes (n=1157) (OR=0.666, 95% CI=0.447 to 0.992, p=0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis found no significant difference in depressive symptom prevalence between high-performance athletes and non-athletes. However, both female high-performance athletes and non-athletes report a greater prevalence of depressive symptoms than their male counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1158-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use patterns in elite athletes: a scoping review of alcohol, performance-enhancing drugs and other psychoactive substances.","authors":"João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, André Ayalla Rodrigues, Zachary L Mannes, Alexander Smith, Michael Liebrenz, Vincent Gouttebarge, Brian Hainline, Claudia L Reardon, David McDuff","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111489","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically map and synthesise the scientific literature on substance use patterns among elite athletes, encompassing recreational substances, performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) and polysubstance use.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a scoping review conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodological framework and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The review protocol was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and SportDiscus from inception to March 2025.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: </strong>Eligible studies were peer-reviewed original research articles examining substance use, misuse or substance use disorders among elite athletes, including collegiate, professional, Olympic, Paralympic or national-level competitors. Both recreational substances (eg, alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, prescription drugs) and PEDs were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 3292 unique records screened, 119 studies met inclusion criteria. Alcohol was the most extensively studied substance, particularly among National Collegiate Athletic Association collegiate athletes, with consistent evidence of heavy consumption in certain sports, especially those with strong social and team-based norms. PED studies revealed marked sport-specific patterns, largely informed by anti-doping surveillance data, but offered limited insight into psychosocial mechanisms. Research on other substances and polysubstance use was heterogeneous, fragmented, and methodologically variable. Across all domains, the literature was dominated by cross-sectional designs, self-reported data and Western populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The existing evidence base demonstrates substantial substance-related vulnerability among elite athletes but is characterised by significant conceptual, methodological and geographical gaps. Future research should prioritise longitudinal and theory-driven designs, broader representation of professional and non-Western athletes, integration of mental health frameworks and rigorous evaluation of prevention and intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>The review protocol was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/3PJDN) on 8 January 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1143-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}