Building and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of energy performance and indoor environmental quality in a retrofitted daycare center using a living lab approach","authors":"Huijing Yan ,&nbsp;Jaewoo Yoon ,&nbsp;Doosam Song ,&nbsp;Sowoo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed the interaction between energy performance, Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), and occupant behavior in a retrofitted daycare center using a living lab approach with remote monitoring. While energy efficiency retrofit reduces greenhouse gas emissions, its effectiveness is often limited by the Energy Performance Gap caused by occupant behavior. Despite the increasing interest in retrofits, few studies have examined the integrated interactions between energy efficiency, indoor air quality (IAQ), and occupant behavior using real-world operational data.</div><div>This study addresses this gap by assessing the energy consumption, IAQ, and occupant behavior in a retrofitted daycare center using a living laboratory approach. The findings confirm that retrofit strategies effectively improved building energy performance, resulting in a 24.83 % reduction in energy consumption, and reduced sensitivity to outdoor temperature variations. Additionally, occupancy rates fluctuated by 35 %, reflecting significant differences in occupant behavior, even within same-purpose spaces, which influenced both energy efficiency and IEQ. These results highlight the need for behavior-informed strategies in retrofit planning and building operation.</div><div>Unlike conventional studies that focus on energy savings, this study integrates dynamic occupancy and ventilation behavior into the assessment of energy performance and IEQ, highlighting the importance of implementing tailored sensor systems. Furthermore, integrating multi-room sensor data provides insights into energy management strategies and improves data reliability for informed decision-making. By proposing a scalable real-world monitoring framework, this study establishes a replicable model for evaluating the retrofit performance across diverse buildings, emphasizing cost-effective sensor optimization for future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of the new spatiotemporal airborne infection risk model across varied indoor air flowrates: An experimental study","authors":"Alan Kabanshi ,&nbsp;Harald Andersson ,&nbsp;Mikael Sundberg ,&nbsp;Dario Senkic ,&nbsp;Ryu Itokazu ,&nbsp;Kazuhide Ito ,&nbsp;Mats Sandberg","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the complex dynamics of indoor airflows is crucial for mitigating airborne infection risks in ventilated spaces. These airflows can be simplified into two populations: Recirculating air that spreads contaminants and outgoing air that evacuates them. Quantifying these populations involves analyzing mass transfer between zones in the room/building. This study builds on the newly proposed model that enhances the Wells-Riley model by incorporating indoor airflow interaction mechanisms. The study explores the transfer probability between zones and the recirculation and purging flowrate at the target location and its impact on the risk of infection in a ventilated room. Our contributions include: (i) Performance evaluation of the revised model that accounts for transfer probabilities between zones and purging flowrates; (ii) a novel tracer-gas measurement method to determine local purging flowrates; and (iii) an analysis of how different ventilation systems interact with internal room flow. We validated the proposed model through experimental measurements in a climate chamber, examining contaminant source locations under varying ventilation rates using mixing ventilation (MV) and displacement ventilation (DV). Results reveal significant spatial and temporal heterogeneities in contaminant distribution, with MV showing pronounced temporal variability and DV exhibiting significant spatial variations. Under MV, purging flowrates increase with higher ventilation rates, whereas DV shows no such change. Our findings underscore the importance of considering airflow dynamics in ventilation design to effectively reduce contaminant transfer and/or airborne infection transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113192"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban restorative environments: The critical role of building density, vegetation structure, and multi-sensory stimulation in psychophysiological recovery","authors":"Xing Fan,&nbsp;Die Hu,&nbsp;Yiyuan Fan,&nbsp;Jianyi Yang,&nbsp;Huiyi Liang,&nbsp;Tian Gao,&nbsp;Ling Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Residential green spaces promote well-being, yet the synergistic impacts of building density, vegetation structure, and multisensory stimuli on restoration remain understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employed immersive VR (Mars 2022) to simulate residential settings with controlled variations: three building densities (high, medium, low), three vegetation structures (open, semi-open [10–60 % canopy coverage], closed), and three sensory modes: unisensory (visual), bisensory (audiovisual), and multisensory (audiovisual-olfactory). Physiological (EEG, skin temperature, heart rate) and psychological (PANAS, PRS) responses from 240 participants were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Key findings: (1) Low- and high-density environments enhanced physiological recovery (31.11 % higher β-EEG, 36.64 % skin temperature rise) versus medium density. (2) Semi-open vegetation maximized physiological restoration (68.91 % improvement), while open layouts optimized psychological benefits. (3) Multisensory (audiovisual-olfactory) stimulation outperformed unisensory/bisensory modes in psychological recovery. (4) Optimal restoration occurred in low-density settings with closed vegetation and multisensory cues, yielding 0.71 % physiological and 1.85 % psychological gains over medium-density scenarios.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results advocate integrated urban design prioritizing density-vegetation-sensory balance to amplify restorative outcomes. VR proves effective for testing restorative design strategies, offering actionable insights for residential green space planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113190"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a grey-box heat load prediction model by subspace identification method for heating building","authors":"Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Xuran Ma ,&nbsp;Yongxin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The digital transformation of traditional heating systems in smart cities necessitates accurate heat load prediction for smart dispatch. Compared to black-box models, the grey-box modeling approach offers distinct advantages, such as eliminating the need for structural adjustments or optimization while providing stronger mechanistic interpretability. This study maps the mechanistic model of the building thermal process to a subspace identification method's structure, simplifying heat load prediction into a parameter identification problem of the system state matrix. Two data input strategies—rolling training and cumulative training—are employed to identify the parameters and construct an online prediction model for heat load and indoor temperature. Using a building in Harbin, located in China's severe cold region, as a case study, the method achieves mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.5–2.6 % for indoor temperature prediction. The optimal rolling period is identified as 36-hour for short-term and 27–28-day for medium-term prediction. Notably, the proposed approach reduces the number of required parameters by over 40 % compared to higher-order RC models and only needs readily available operational data, without requiring invasive measurements. The cumulative training strategy outperforms rolling training strategy for medium-term predictions, achieving the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) of only 34.9 kW, which is 12.5–24.1 kW lower than that of the rolling training strategy. Compared to intelligent algorithms, such as artificial neural networks, the proposed model demonstrates superior applicability in district heating systems, with significant advantages in both prediction accuracy and the simplicity of the parameter identification process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113119"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing smart building upgrades through an innovative decision support framework for smart readiness indicator implementation: A Greek case study","authors":"Alexandros Xenakis ,&nbsp;Apostolos Arsenopoulos ,&nbsp;Ioannis Papias ,&nbsp;Filippos Serepas ,&nbsp;Stamatia Rizou ,&nbsp;John Psarras","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European Union's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, which serves as a basis for developing energy efficiency and sustainability in the building industry, introduced the Smart Readiness Indicator to evaluate the digital and intelligent capabilities of buildings. Current tools predominantly focus on offering standardized Smart Readiness Indicator assessments, often lacking mechanisms that offer guidance on actionable improvements. The proposed novel decision support framework enhances this traditional evaluation methodology by linking smartness assessments with personalized upgrade recommendations. It suggests individualized market-based solutions for commercial technologies and ranks them using a multi-perspective approach, enabling building stakeholders to obtain a comprehensive estimate of the overall upgrade cost. A case study of a non-residential office building in Athens, Greece, demonstrates the potential for significant improvements in energy performance and occupant comfort through targeted smart readiness upgrades. The optimal solutions for all three ranking metrics are presented, highlighting the differences in each of the distinct approaches. Results indicate that integrating advanced systems, such as thermostats, energy monitoring tools, and heating solutions, enhances both Smart Readiness Indicator scores and financial efficiency. This research underscores the transformative role of smart buildings in achieving the European Union's climate neutrality goals by 2050. While challenges such as upfront costs, regional variability and subjectivity of the assessment remain, the findings argue for continuous improvement of the methodology to address the different needs and energy requirements of buildings. Integrating the Smart Readiness Indicator into broader energy and climate strategies is a critical step towards sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113189"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of nanoparticle emissions in indoor industrial environments using a grey-box modeling approach","authors":"Joaquim Cebolla-Alemany ,&nbsp;Marcel Macarulla Martí ,&nbsp;Mar Viana ,&nbsp;Santiago Gasso-Domingo ,&nbsp;Verónica Moreno-Martín ,&nbsp;David Bou ,&nbsp;Vicenta San Félix","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating nanoparticle emission rates from industrial activities is essential for developing quantitative risk assessment tools and prediction models for indoor air quality and occupational exposure. However, determining them is challenging, particularly for incidentally generated nanoparticles (INPs), due to their calculation from concentration measurements in complex environments with polluted backgrounds. This study addresses the challenges of defining INP emission rates by proposing a reduced-order grey-box modeling approach. The method was tested in three industrial scenarios with different thermal spraying activities, evaluating 78 models based on mass-balance aerosol concentration equations. Convergence tests, statistical analyses, and physical feasibility studies revealed that 33 % of the models met all criteria. The simplest models, incorporating forced ventilation and particle generation while excluding natural diffusion, aggregation, and deposition, demonstrated the best performance and robustness, with two models reaching a 100 % successful performance on six applied datasets. Emission rates for the monitored processes were of similar magnitude, with minor variations around 4 × 10¹⁵ particles/min attributed to the materials and component morphology. Estimated ventilation airflow rates also aligned with the expected slight underperformance of the extraction systems between 1 and 22 × 10⁷ cm³/min depending on the monitored booth and the ventilation configuration, showing air change per hour rates within the 39–105 h^-1 range. The findings highlight that grey-box modeling combined with model reduction through lumped sum parameters provides a systematic and reliable approach to estimating INP emissions. This method could inform new standard procedures. Future research should apply this approach to diverse industrial activities and exposure applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113169"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative adaptive double-skin wall system integrating a phase change material layer: comprehensive performances across different climate zones for heating","authors":"Shiqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Kui Shan ,&nbsp;Qingshan Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaoxi Guo ,&nbsp;Mengjie Song ,&nbsp;Long Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adaptive building envelope is an efficient approach for building energy savings and thermal comfort. However, conventional approaches commonly adopted to achieve the adaptive building envelope are advanced materials or complex adaptive structural design alone. In this paper, a novel adaptive PCM double-skin wall system, which combines the PCMs and simple structural design, is proposed, and its comprehensive thermal, energy, economic, and environmental analyses under eight different climate zones during the heating season are analyzed. The findings indicate that compared to the mean ambient temperature, the corresponding indoor temperature can be improved by 15 °C to 40.7 °C. The studied climate zones are classifiable into two distinct categories: Climate Ⅰ and Climate Ⅱ. Climate Ⅰ encompasses cold humid, very cold, and subarctic/arctic zones, while Climate Ⅱ encompasses warm humid, mixed humid, cold humid, mixed dry, and cold dry zones. Furthermore, in Climate Ⅱ, zero carbon emissions, and thermal comfort throughout the day could be achieved. The annual heating cost savings demonstrate a spectrum of 8.27 % to 43.57 % across the studied climate zones, with the exception of the subarctic/arctic zone. The research results will enrich the climate-adaptive envelope structures and provide in-depth and detailed guidance for their practical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113187"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a scripting tool for the fast and batch generation of orthogonal hexahedral mesh for CFD analysis in built environments","authors":"Zhenyu Sun ,&nbsp;Tengfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a mesh is used to discretize the computational domain and describe its boundaries where the governing equations are solved. In built environments, typical flow features such as wall-bounded flow can be well simulated with a hexahedral mesh, which also provides better control over the overall number of mesh cells. However, in the generation of a structured hexahedral mesh, connectivity modifications propagate through the mesh, resulting in a complex spatial partition of blocks, which significantly increases the workload. Whether using ICEM CFD or <span>blockMesh</span>, the workload caused by block partition is nearly unavoidable. Therefore, this study developed a scripting tool for the fast and batch generation of orthogonal hexahedral meshes. The tool can automatically generate blocks for uniform meshes by inputting characteristic coordinates and global mesh size. It also supports the input of the first layer mesh size, growth rate, and maximum mesh size to automatically generate sub-blocks further for non-uniform meshes. The definition of a boundary only requires inputting the diagonal coordinates of the surface. Additionally, this investigation use a staggered addition method that can quickly identify whether the partitioning of boundary condition is correct and output the reasons and locations of errors. The generated hexahedral mesh can serve as a pre-mesh for creating hybrid meshes, offering flexibility for non-orthogonal geometries. The tool is open-source on GitHub and the link is <span><span>https://github.com/mathslw/meshTool2025</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113102"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physically consistent data-driven optimal sequencing strategy for variable speed pumps in large building chiller plants","authors":"Zhe Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Fu Xiao ,&nbsp;Kan Xu ,&nbsp;Yongbao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variable speed pumps (VSPs) are widely adopted in HVAC systems for delivering chilled water to reduce energy consumption under partial load conditions. However, in large chiller plants with multiple parallel VSPs, pump sequencing is often rule-based without further optimization, failing to achieve optimal energy efficiency. Furthermore, previous optimization methods often rely on manufacturers’ curves, which lack reliability for practical implementation. Therefore, this study proposes a physically consistent data-driven optimal sequencing strategy to minimize energy consumption for parallel VSPs. The strategy involves two core components: (1) Interpretable power models trained on historical data predict total power consumption based on operating speed and total flow rate for each potential number of operating VSPs. (2) A physically consistent prediction method predicts the required operating frequency for alternative VSP numbers while maintaining system conditions. The optimal number of VSPs is then determined based on the minimum total power. The proposed strategy was validated through data experiments and field tests in an educational building. The data experiments show that the proposed strategy has a 10 % annual energy-saving potential, and the four-day field tests reveal a 15 % energy savings compared to the rule-based baseline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113177"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the airborne infection risk in tourist buses using medium-efficiency filters in air-conditioning systems","authors":"Naohide Shinohara ,&nbsp;Koichi Tatsu ,&nbsp;Wataru Naito ,&nbsp;Yoshiko Murashima ,&nbsp;Hiromu Sakurai ,&nbsp;Takuma Kizu ,&nbsp;Katsuhiro Kan","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce the airborne infection risk in tourist buses, medium-efficiency filters with a minimum- efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 11 or 13 are installed in the air-conditioning (AC) system inlets on the ceilings of three tourist buses, and the equivalent air-exchange rates (AERs) of artificial droplet nuclei and their behavior within buses are evaluated. Without filters, the equivalent AERs in the ventilation and internal air circulation modes are 12 and 1.5–5.2 /h, respectively, at the lowest air-flow, and 21 and 7.8–11 /h, respectively, at the highest air-flow. With filters installed and the AC system operating in the internal air circulation mode, the equivalent AERs are 10–15 and 27–042 /h at the lowest and highest airflows, respectively, demonstrating a droplet nuclei removal performance similar to or better than that of the ventilation mode. In the internal air circulation mode without filters, artificial droplet nuclei spread throughout the bus and decay slowly, even after emission ceases. Notably, with the source located in the center seat, the average in-vehicle concentration is higher when the AC system operates in the internal air circulation mode without filters than when it is turned off. Conversely, operating the AC system in the internal air circulation mode with a medium-efficiency filter considerably suppresses the spread of artificial droplet nuclei. Based on the advective spread of artificial droplet nuclei, the estimated average relative airborne infection risk, normalized with that when the AC system is turned off, in the bus was reduced to 52–79 % in the ventilation mode and 25–50 % in the internal air circulation mode with filters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113186"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}