Building and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of combined ventilation systems for infection risk mitigation during dynamic elevator rides","authors":"Chengbo Du ,&nbsp;Qingyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of indoor air quality in mitigating airborne disease transmission, particularly in confined spaces such as elevators. Elevators, characterized by limited ventilation and high occupant density, present unique challenges for infection control, especially in urban areas with increasing reliance on vertical transportation. Existing elevator design standards provide general guidelines but lack specificity in addressing ventilation performance, particularly under dynamic airflow conditions influenced by passenger movement. This study investigates the performance of combined ventilation systems in elevator-lobby environments under dynamic conditions using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations validated by experimental data. Key findings indicate that the confined design of elevators presents the highest infection risk to passengers, with passenger movement playing a secondary role. Maintaining social distancing is shown to significantly reduce infection risks. Additionally, both displacement ventilation and induction-displacement ventilation systems in elevators and adjacent lobbies substantially enhance contaminant removal efficiency, reducing particle concentrations in passenger breathing zones. Induction-displacement ventilation systems exhibit superior performance in minimizing localized contaminant concentrations, even in the absence of filtration measures. However, improper system configuration can lead to increased background concentrations in areas distant from the source. The results emphasize the necessity of developing comprehensive ventilation strategies for elevator environments that account for passenger movement and other influencing factors to optimize air quality, contributing to healthier built environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112938"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for analysing indoor radon concentration measurements","authors":"Joanna Kubiak ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Basińska","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radon is a radioactive gas which, when it accumulates in a room, can have a negative effect on the persons in it. The mathematical model presented in the study, based on statistics and log-normal distribution, allows recommendations to be developed on optimal statistical parameters for radon measurements in buildings. This paper presents a novel method for analysing indoor air quality based on indoor radon concentration measurements using machine learning methods. The study used a k-means algorithm to isolate three periods with similar radon concentration parameters. An assessment of the variability of the radon measurements depending on the height of the location of the detectors in the room was carried out, from which it was concluded that similar distributions are obtained at the height of the breathing zone or higher. The results of the study indicate that short-term active measurements taken during the winter period underestimated the median of long-term measurements by only 5 %. Weekly measurement data from the winter period was sufficient to estimate the expected annual average for the building. The conclusions obtained in the article lead to the initiation of a discussion on past requirement passive long-term radon measurements. The ability to reproduce the algorithm under different conditions of building location and use will allow a global evaluation of short-term radon measurements to be evaluated in the context of long-term measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112940"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity, reliability and acceptability of wearable sensor devices to monitor personal exposure to air pollution and pollen: A systematic review of mobility based exposure studies","authors":"Wako Golicha Wako ,&nbsp;Tom Clemens ,&nbsp;Scott Ogletree ,&nbsp;Andrew James Williams ,&nbsp;Ruth Jepson","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wearable sensor devices that measure personal exposure to environmental pollutants are now more widely available as a result of technological advancements.</div><div>This review evaluates the international literature on the validity, reliability and acceptability of wearable air pollution and pollen sensor devices in the context of mobility based exposure assessment.</div><div>Both peer reviewed and grey literature were searched. The review on validity and reliability included only quantitative, field-based, and mobility-based studies involving human participants who carried wearable devices. For the assessment of sensor device acceptability, only qualitative studies were considered.</div><div>Four studies each were included in the reviews of reliability and acceptability of air pollution sensors, and six studies were included in the review of validity of air pollution sensors. No studies assessed the validity, reliability, or acceptability of pollen sensors. The correlation between personal air pollution sensors and reference monitors was stronger indoors than outdoors, indicated by higher correlation coefficients (r-values). In indoors, sensors demonstrated a strong correlation(r-values ≈ 1), particularly for PM_2.5 and TVOC, while outdoor correlations, especially for PM₁, were notably weaker. Sensors of the same brand demonstrated strong correlations with each other, both indoors and outdoors. Large, heavy, clumsy, attention-grabbing, and difficult to transport and operate air pollution sensors were unacceptable.</div><div>Wearable particulate matter sensor are generally reliable, but their validity decreases outdoors. Gaseous pollutant sensors vary in validity, with VOC sensors performing best. Personal air pollution sensors should be compact, quiet, and easy to use and carry. A research gap exists regarding wearable pollen sensor performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112931"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does user-centric thermal environment control require real-time recognition of user's clothing condition? A laboratory pilot study","authors":"Jiaqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Chungyoon Chun ,&nbsp;Chaoyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Bin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate identification of individual thermal states is an important basis for meeting the diverse demands of occupants and achieving user-centric thermal environment control. Developing Personal Comfort Model (PCM) by measuring skin temperature with infrared thermography enables effective thermal sensation prediction. However, existing research is typically conducted under uniform clothing conditions. This experimental design does not consider the differences in clothing between occupants and autonomous clothing adjustment behaviors in real-world scenarios, which limits the application potential of the prediction model based on experimental data. In this study, we conducted experiments in a climate chamber to collect clothing-uncovered skin temperatures (face, neck, arms, and wrists) and subjective evaluation under different clothing insulation (0.35, 0.51, 0.76, 1.01 clo). Statistical analysis and modeling analysis were performed by combining subjective evaluations, skin temperatures, and environmental parameters. The result shows that clothing changes can be reflected in the skin temperature at clothing-uncovered areas, and skin temperature is consistent with thermal sensation. On this basis, the machine learning algorithms were used to evaluate the performance of the thermal sensation prediction model under different combinations of input parameters. The model constructed with artificial neural network algorithm achieved a prediction accuracy of 76.8 % using only nose temperature and air temperature as inputs while clothing information is not included. This represents an approximately 5 % improvement over the PMV model, which requires clothing insulation as an input. This study demonstrates the generalizability of using physiological parameters to predict thermal sensation, providing the theoretical foundation for simplifying individual thermal demand recognition systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112939"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a blind control occupant behaviour model (BC-OBM) based on contextual and time-related factors through supervised machine learning approaches","authors":"Tarun Verma ,&nbsp;Padmanaban Gopalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Andrew Sonta","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blind use patterns significantly impact visual comfort and energy efficiency in office buildings. To quantify this impact on building performance, blind control occupant behaviour models (BC-OBMs) are typically integrated into building performance simulation (BPS) during the building design. Existing BC-OBMs mainly focus on environmental factors, and integrating the complexities of these BC-OBMs into BPS requires familiarity with BPS tools. However, especially in developing countries, integrating BC-OBMs into BPS poses challenges due to the limited exposure to the BPS tools within the industry, leading to an energy performance gap. Moreover, existing BC-OBMs overlook contextual and time-related factors due to data collection and quantification challenges. To address these gaps, this study proposes a novel BC-OBM grounded solely on contextual and time-related factors using mixed effect binary multivariate logistic regression (BMLR) and random forest (RF) models. A six-month longitudinal field study was conducted in forty-two offices in Tiruchirappalli, India, collecting 935 blind state observations from 87 participants. The analysis revealed a preference for closed blind (73.8 %) and identified statistically significant relationships between blind/shade use and key contextual and time-related factors. The proposed BMLR and RF models exhibit substantial predictive power, with accuracies of 0.847 and 0.734, respectively, underscoring their efficacy. This will facilitate architects and building engineers to make informed early-stage building design decisions without relying on BPS tools. This study also contributes significantly to window blind research by defining novel relationships between contextual factors and blind use, which stand unprecedented within academic research to the best of the author's knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112932"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the presence of CO₂ on the adsorption of HCHO on activated carbon","authors":"Zhiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Gao ,&nbsp;Saiwei Ge ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Lizhi Jia ,&nbsp;Jingjing Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activated carbon is a high-quality material for removing indoor pollution, while when people use activated carbon as a purifying material in extreme scenarios such as poorly ventilated underground spaces to remove volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde (HCHO), it will inevitably be affected by the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂).To explore the competitive adsorption characteristics of HCHO and CO₂ on activated carbon, the activated carbon model was constructed using Materials Studio software. The simulation of single-component adsorption was conducted using the giant regular Monte Carlo method at different temperatures. The results showed that the amount and heat of adsorption of HCHO and CO₂ decreased with increasing temperature. In 2 nm pore size, the capillary coalescence phenomenon occurred in HCHO and adsorption increased abruptly, while the capillary condensation of HCHO did not occur in other pore sizes. Meanwhile, the competitive adsorption simulation of gas under different partial pressure ratios was further studied. The results showed that the adsorption amount of CO₂ was gradually larger than that of HCHO with the gradual increase of the partial pressure of CO₂. However, when the partial pressure ratio of the two was the same, the interaction force between HCHO and activated carbon was stronger than that of CO₂. In competitive adsorption, the strong adsorbent HCHO competes with the adsorbed CO₂ for the adsorption site at a certain pressure, and the replacement reaction occurs; the higher the partial pressure of HCHO, the stronger the replacement effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112925"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of thermal comfort by variable temperature and velocity air supply system in operating room","authors":"Bin Zhou ,&nbsp;Ang Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Ren ,&nbsp;Jie Xia ,&nbsp;Fan Peng ,&nbsp;Shao-Cong Wang ,&nbsp;Yi-Chu Wang ,&nbsp;Hao-Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Wen-Jie Li ,&nbsp;Mei-Lan Tan ,&nbsp;Risto Kosonen","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In operating room, conventional unidirectional air supply system with constant supply temperature and velocity cannot satisfy the thermal comfort need of the surgical team. Therefore, a novel variable temperature and velocity air supply system is introduced. Indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort parameters through simulated surgical experiments were tested, where thermal sensation changes, skin temperature and thermal comfort of medical staff with different duties under different air supply conditions were analyzed. Thirty-five experimental personnel were recruited as medical staffs with five different roles. It is shown that there are significant differences in the perception of thermal comfort of medical staff under the conventional unidirectional air supply system. The thermal comfort of medical staff can be improved with variable temperature and velocity air supply system. Especially the comfort conditions of the surgeon and the anesthesiologist has been significantly improved. The proportion of medical staff feeling comfortable with variable temperature and velocity air supply system reaches 64.0%, while it is only 42.7% with conventional unidirectional air supply system. By adjusting the air supply temperature and velocity in different zones, the thermal sensation of the personnel in the critical operating zone tends to be moderate, which reduces the occurrence of local discomfort. This study shows that enough attention should paid on the thermal comfort condition of medical staff during the design and operation of the operating room. The variable temperature and velocity air supply system could be a promising solution to improve thermal comfort level in operating room.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112927"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the accuracy of microclimate coupled urban building energy modeling using convolutional neural networks","authors":"Jiahong Ye ,&nbsp;Chenyu Huang ,&nbsp;Zhengjia Zhong ,&nbsp;Yanting Shen ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Ao ,&nbsp;Yunsheng Su ,&nbsp;Jing Cao ,&nbsp;Haipeng Duan ,&nbsp;Jiawei Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meteorological data plays a crucial role in building energy simulations. Currently, most urban building energy modeling approaches rely primarily on Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data. However, TMY data represents city-wide climate conditions, which often differ significantly from actual microclimates, leading to simulation inaccuracies. To address this issue, this study proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approach to reliably predict year-round microclimate data for the study area, thereby enhancing simulation accuracy. The method utilizes meteorological data from nearby weather stations (NWS), adjusted using the Urban Weather Generator (UWG) model, as the prediction target. A convolutional approach is employed to resolve dimensional inconsistencies between urban morphology features and hourly meteorological variables such as temperature, wind direction, and wind speed. By applying pointwise multiplication, the model effectively integrates these two data types and leverages CNNs to achieve high-precision microclimate predictions, improving simulation accuracy by 8 %. The robustness of the proposed method is validated using real energy consumption data from dozens of buildings in Shanghai. Notably, this approach enables accurate microclimate prediction in areas lacking NWS coverage, significantly enhancing the accuracy of energy consumption simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112923"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of simulated view contents on the restorative effects in isolated and confined offices with an artificial window","authors":"Bo Tang ,&nbsp;Jianing Shi ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People working in isolated and confined offices face physical and psychological challenges with a lack of interaction with the outside. As a suitable restorative environment, a window view can provide contact with the outside and improve physiology and psychological condition.</div><div>This study aims at the restorative effects of simulated views of artificial windows (AWs) with different contents in isolated and confined offices. A one-person office (1.95m²) was built, with a high-luminance LED display measuring 850 mm × 1300 mm as an AW. Twelve simulated views were selected and evaluated by 29 participants’ physiological and psychological responses, including physiological restoration (SCL and HRV), mood, alertness, and restorative perception. Their features, summarized by real windows’ studies and AWs’ characteristics, including main elements (natural/artificial), dynamism, time, and source, were analyzed for their influence on restoration.</div><div>The results verified significant mood restoration (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and restorative perception (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) of simulated views, while no significant physiological restoration was observed (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</div><div>The features of view contents significantly influenced the restoration. The natural and well-designed artificial elements (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), dynamism (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and “rendering” (mood: <em>p</em> = 0.030, restorative perception: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) enhanced mood and restorative perception, while the “daytime” view improved alertness (<em>p</em> = 0.004).</div><div>This study suggested that simulated views in AWs can facilitate psychological restoration in isolated and confined offices. Specific view contents significantly influence this restoration. This study contributes to understanding the effects of simulated view contents on the restoration and identifying research gaps in future work. It is expected to provide guidance for simulated views to optimize the visual environment in such offices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112922"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychophysiological stress response to urban traffic: the effect of speed limits, road surface type, and greenery","authors":"Ablenya Barros ,&nbsp;Frederico Pereira ,&nbsp;Konrad Rudnicki ,&nbsp;Timothy Van Renterghem ,&nbsp;Dario Machado ,&nbsp;Jarl K. Kampen ,&nbsp;Paulien Decorte ,&nbsp;Karolien Poels ,&nbsp;Emanuel Sousa ,&nbsp;Elisabete Freitas ,&nbsp;Cedric Vuye","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The acoustic environment in urban spaces is often dominated by human-made noise sources, with road traffic noise as the most pervasive. Meanwhile, urban planning often overlooks how soundscape can impact citizens' well-being. This study combined virtual reality, biometric sensing, and questionnaires to evaluate how urban design measures targeting road traffic noise affect, beyond acoustic characteristics, psychological and physiological stress indicators. Participants (<em>N</em> = 37) were immersed in a virtual urban environment with passing vehicles at different speeds (20,30, 50 km/h) over different road surface types and maintenance levels (new vs. deteriorated asphalt concrete and cobblestones) and varying green infrastructure (Green View Index: 0 %, 14 %, 26 %). Noise stimuli were captured through CPX measurements and subsequently auralized, resulting in signals with L_Aeq spanning a 20 dBA range. Phasic skin conductance (SC), heart rate (HR), and high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) were recorded, while noise annoyance and cognitive performance were measured through self-report. Noise annoyance consistently increased with poorer pavement conditions and higher speeds. Speed was linked to high phasic SC and HR, while road surface type increased phasic SC and reduced HF-HRV from new to deteriorated asphalt and cobblestones, indexing heightened physiological stress impacting the autonomic nervous system regulation in response to less favourable road/speed conditions. Greenery, at the GVI levels studied, did not impact physiological responses or cognition but minimally reduced noise annoyance. These findings suggest that enforcing lower speed limits and ensuring smoother, well-maintained road surfaces in urban areas can lessen the biological alert state activation while reducing psychological stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112921"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}