Building and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the effect of clothing moisture content on heat and moisture transfer from the human body using a sweating thermal manikin","authors":"Cheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Yichen Yu ,&nbsp;Jianlei Niu ,&nbsp;Yiying Zhou ,&nbsp;Jintu Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaporative heat loss is an important component of the human body's energy balance and several developed thermal comfort models are available to assess heat and mass transfer during human sweating. However, the impact of sweat-soaked clothing due to human perspiration on heat and moisture transfer from the body remains understudied. In this study, the thermal and moisture properties of typical summer clothing were evaluated and moisture adsorption and desorption curves were obtained. The heat losses of the human body in different sweating states were compared using a sweating thermal manikin. It was found that the clothing moisture content and the clothing coverage ratio had a significant effect on the human body heat loss. As the sweating rate increases, additional resistances of the sweat moisture transfer will be added in the sweat-soaked clothing, which would adversely affect the skin temperature. The results show that the total thermal resistance of fully wetted clothing decreased by an average of almost 30% compared to dry clothing ensembles. To account for such differences, the clothing thermal and evaporative resistance, along with the temperature and vapor pressure at varying moisture contents were evaluated and predicted with empirical equations. This enables integrating a dynamic heat and moisture transfer model for the sweat-soaked clothing into a prevailing thermo-physiological model. Accounting for real clothing physical parameters is vital when evaluating thermal comfort in hot and humid weather conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112299"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the performance of local skin temperatures in evaluating overall thermal comfort at normal room temperatures","authors":"Siyi Li ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Weiwei Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Local skin temperature is considered to be a potential physiological parameter for thermal comfort evaluation. However, which parts are more suitable for thermal comfort evaluation still needs further investigation. In this study, 20 seated subjects were recruited for thermal comfort and skin temperature monitoring experiments conducted in a climate chamber during winter and summer. The experimental temperatures in winter and summer were 12 °C–24 °C and 24 °C–32 °C, respectively. Thermal comfort evaluation models were developed for the local skin temperature of eight parts via the Fisher discriminant analysis. The performance of the developed models was evaluated using precision and false negative rate (FNR). The results indicated that the skin temperatures of the back of the left hand, left wrist, and left forearm had higher precision for thermal comfort evaluation than those of other parts, whereas the FNR was lower than in the other parts, which were suitable for thermal comfort evaluation. The skin temperature of the left chest had the lowest precision and the highest FNR, making it unsuitable for thermal comfort evaluation. By reasonably selecting body parts, the use of single-point skin temperature to evaluate thermal comfort was better than the use of the mean skin temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112296"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of gas-phase mass transfer in hydrous materials for a total heat exchange ventilator","authors":"Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Hajime Sotokawa ,&nbsp;Taisaku Gomyo ,&nbsp;Sung-Jun Yoo ,&nbsp;Juyeon Chung ,&nbsp;Kazuhide Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Total heat exchange ventilation systems are effective in achieving energy savings by reducing the ventilation load in buildings, while maintaining a certain amount of fresh outdoor air intake. As the system's elemental materials exchange both latent and sensible heat, hydrophilic chemical compounds may be exchanged simultaneously. Proper control of the exchange of hazardous chemicals and pollutants via these heat exchange elements is an important issue in the development of total heat exchange ventilation systems. In this respect, the development of a numerical model that facilitates repeated sensitivity analysis is important in the development of a new total heat exchanger that has high heat exchange efficiency and suppresses the exchange of polluting chemicals. This study proposes new hygrothermal and chemical compound transfer models for paper-based hydrous materials, which are the main components of total heat exchangers in indoor ventilation systems. Through a series of numerical analyses and experimental measurements, the prediction accuracy of the mathematical model was compared with experimental results for the gas transfer rate in hydrous materials and a building-sized total heat exchanger. The results demonstrated that an increase in water content in hydrous material has a significant impact on the permeability of water-soluble gases, with NH₃ and HCHO permeability coefficients increasing by factors of 250 and 20 respectively. Conversely, for low-solubility gases such as CO₂, the permeability coefficient only slightly increased at low humidity and remained largely unaffected thereafter. These findings contribute to the advancement of more efficient and safer total heat exchange ventilation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Nearly Zero-Carbon Office Buildings in Taiwan","authors":"Chia-Ju Yen ,&nbsp;Hsien-Te Lin ,&nbsp;Kuei-Peng Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The formulation of an affordable and economically-feasible policy for nearly zero-carbon building design is a challenge that countries encounter in promoting net-zero building. In 2022, Taiwan promulgated Building Energy Rating System (BERS), the world's first building energy efficiency assessment system tailored for subtropical climates, as a basis for evaluating its goal of achieving nearly zero-carbon buildings by 2050. However, whether this nearly zero-carbon building policy is financially feasible has remained unknown to the government and the industry. To address the issue, the objective of the paper is to conduct a cost-benefit and payback period analysis of newly constructed nearly zero-carbon office buildings in accordance with the Building Energy-efficiency Rating System for New Buildings (BERSn) assessment framework, and thereby examines the financial affordability and feasibility of Taiwan's net-zero building policies.</div><div>Firstly, this study introduces existing building energy performance evaluation methods in Europe, America, and Japan, and explains the methodology of Taiwan's Building Energy Rating System (BERS). The paper then reviews international Cost-Benefit Analyses of Nearly Zero Energy Office Buildings and parallelly conducts a Cost-Benefit Analysis of Nearly Zero-Carbon Office Buildings in Taiwan. Following the BERS methodology, this paper identifies the baseline efficiency level and the Nearly Zero-Carbon Building (NZCB) efficiency level, along with their associated solutions and investment costs, for air conditioning and lighting systems. In this study, a questionnaire survey of 28 experts identifies the air conditioning unit costs of Basic Mechanical Equipment Efficiency (BME) and energy-saving control technologies (R) for energy-efficient design of Fan Coil Unit (FCU), Air Handling Unit (AHU), and Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system. Accordingly, 33 air conditioning design solutions and their corresponding construction costs complying with the BERSn requirements of EAC≦0.5 for nearly-zero carbon office buildings are identified. Regarding the nearly zero-carbon lighting design, the simulations reveal that the use of LED panel luminaires or T8 LED luminaires (including those with energy-saving labels) can achieve an average operational lighting illuminance of 500 LUX and the BERSn requirements of EL ≤ 0.5 for lighting. Finally, the study further analyzes the payback period and premium cost ratio of NZCB by employing the budget data of seven building projects. The analysis shows that the premium cost ratio and the payback period of NZCB range from 1.33%-1.50% and 6.4-7.7 years, respectively. The results demonstrate that while a higher budget is commonly associated with NZCB by the public, it is in fact economically and technologically feasible to realize NZCB with prevailing energy-efficient measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112270"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning to speed up Computational Fluid Dynamics engineering simulations for built environments: A review","authors":"Clément Caron ,&nbsp;Philippe Lauret ,&nbsp;Alain Bastide","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a valuable tool in designing built environments, enhancing comfort, health, energy efficiency, and safety in both indoor and outdoor applications. Nevertheless, the time required for CFD computations still needs to be reduced for engineering studies. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) techniques offer a promising avenue for developing fast-running data-driven models for physics-related phenomena. As scientific machine learning (SciML) research increasingly focuses on efficiently coupling ML and CFD techniques, this literature review highlights the growing number of applications in the built environment field to accelerate CFD simulations. This work aims to identify emerging trends and challenges in incorporating ML techniques into built environment flow simulations to foster further advancements in this domain. The prevailing approaches are direct surrogate modeling and reduced-order models (ROMs). Both approaches increasingly rely on deep learning architectures based on neural networks. The reviewed studies reported computational time gains of several orders of magnitude in specific scenarios while maintaining reasonable accuracy. However, several challenges remain, such as improving models’ generalizability and interpretability, enhancing methodology scalability, and reducing the computational cost of developing the models. Efforts are underway to address more complex cases with advanced SciML techniques. Notably, incorporating physics into the learning process and hybridizing CFD solvers with data-driven models merit further investigation. The exploration of these approaches represents a crucial step toward the deployment of reliable models that enable fast design for built environment engineering studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112229"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in thermal comfort and behavior of elderly individuals with different levels of frailty in residential buildings during winter","authors":"Haixia Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Yu ,&nbsp;Shen Wei ,&nbsp;Keyao Zhao ,&nbsp;Hanyu Shan ,&nbsp;Song Zheng ,&nbsp;Lei Guo ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on the indoor thermal comfort of elderly individuals has become increasingly detailed, yet studies focusing on the impact of health levels on elderly thermal comfort are still relatively scarce. Due to aging and various chronic diseases, elderly individuals exhibit different physical states, affecting their physiological regulatory functions in response to thermal environmental changes. This study aimed to validate the impact of health levels on elderly thermal comfort and behavior during winter, by employing the Fried frailty assessment method. A survey was conducted in the HSCW regions of China, gathering 1437 valid questionnaires. The analysis revealed that frailty significantly impacts the winter thermal comfort and behavior of the elderly. Specific findings include: 1) Frailer elderly individuals express greater complaints about indoor environments; 2) Frailer elderly are more dependent on heating devices; 3) Frailer elderly have higher rates of closing windows with higher T_out prompting window closure. The T_out prompting non-frailty elderly to completely close windows is 8.1 °C, while for pre-frail and frail elderly, it is 16.7 °C and 16.0 °C, respectively; 4) Frailer elderly individuals exhibit higher I_cl, with median values of 1.56 clo for non-frail, 1.68 clo for pre-frail, and 1.71 clo for frail elderly; 5) Frailer elderly individuals have lower MR daily, with median metabolic rates of 1.71 met for non-frail, 1.42 met for pre-frail, and 1.17 met for frail. This study found that the level of frailty significantly impacts the winter thermal comfort and behavior of the elderly and should be considered in future elderly-friendly architectural designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112290"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards resilient communities: Evaluating the nonlinear impact of the built environment on COVID-19 transmission risk in residential areas","authors":"Weiqi Guo ,&nbsp;Jingwei Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Pan ,&nbsp;Rui Zhuang ,&nbsp;Chunying Li ,&nbsp;Haida Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reflections on urban epidemics often drive improvements in the resilience of the built environment. However, the assessment regarding the nonlinear influence of the community environment on the spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is inadequate. This study analyzed the influential mechanism of built environment factors on the epidemic risk in residential areas, using Shanghai as a case study. During the lockdown in April 2022, Shanghai reported daily data on COVID-19 outbreaks in residential areas, amounting to a total of 90,324 entries. Based on a GIS-based grid analysis approach, we employed a Random Forest (RF) model and a Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model to investigate the marginal effects and spatial heterogeneity of environmental factors on the mean count of COVID-19 outbreak days (MC) in residential areas within each grid zone. The results show that the value of MC forms a ring-mountain distribution surrounding the city's outer ring road. The RF model (R² = 0.57) demonstrates that the house price, population density, family number, and the standard deviation of building height (BH_SD) significantly correlated with MC, with the relative importance of 25 %, 13 %, 11 %, and 6 %, respectively. The MGWR model (R² = 0.63) highlights the spatial heterogeneity of family number, house age, house price, property fee, and delivery density. We also found that property fee and green rate were negatively correlated with the MC. These findings help improve responses to public health emergencies and create more resilient communities to cope with pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112289"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic analysis of TCPP emission from fireproofed upholstered furniture under realistic indoor conditions","authors":"Herve Plaisance ,&nbsp;Gaëlle Raffy ,&nbsp;Barbara Le Bot ,&nbsp;Emilie Bossanne ,&nbsp;Clemence Rawas ,&nbsp;Pierre Cardin ,&nbsp;Valerie Desauziers","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Better understanding the characteristics and mechanisms governing the indoor emissions of organophosphorus flame-retardants is important to more accurately estimate the human exposure to these compounds and develop risk management strategies that protect human health. This study provides an analysis of short- and long-term trends in Tris(chloropropyl)phosphate (TCPP) emissions from furniture. It is based on the monitoring over a period of almost one year of TCPP concentrations in indoor air and at the surface of a source material (upholstered furniture made of polyurethane (PU) foam containing TCPP) in two rooms for office use. The emission rate was estimated at 8 µg.m^-2.h^-1 in average with no decline trend observed after about one year's emission. The released mass of TCPP over one year represented about 0.2 % of the initial content of TCPP in the material (2 % w/w). The source material/air partition coefficient (K_ma) and its dependence on temperature appear to be the key parameters which control the emission rate. K_ma was estimated at 8 × 10⁷ for a temperature of 23 °C. The temperature dependence of K_ma was addressed using the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship and the enthalpy of partitioning between the source material and air, ΔH_ma (previously estimated at 91 kJ mol⁻¹). This study led to the development of a model providing predictions on the long-term trend in TCPP emission from the source material. The simulations showed that the emission should persist over extended periods (several years) with the same intensity level. This characteristic increases the risks associated with inhalation exposure to TCPP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor comfort domains and well-being of older adults in residential settings: A scoping review","authors":"Yijun Chen ,&nbsp;Federico Wulff ,&nbsp;Sam Clark ,&nbsp;Junjie Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive scoping review of the literature on the well-being of residential environments for older adults, addressing multiple domains of indoor comfort. The aim is to investigate the gap in environmental standards research for older adults, acknowledging the global challenge of an ageing population. As residential settings become the primary living spaces for older adults in later life, the interrelated domains of indoor comfort significantly impact their well-being. The concept of “Aging in Place” underscores the importance of appropriate indoor comfort design to enhance the autonomy of older adults. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), this scoping review establishes a broad scientific foundation for future research by identifying, analysing, and categorising existing studies on indoor comfort domains for older adults. The review investigates, in total, 173 studies in six domains of indoor comfort: thermal, air quality, visual, acoustic, ergonomic, and multiple domains, highlighting existing knowledge gaps and suggesting possible directions for future research. There is a growing trend toward holistic research methods integrating physical, psychological, and social factors in indoor comfort research for older adults. The definition of indoor comfort needs and levels for older adults varies across regions due to cultural, climatic, and residential type differences. Furthermore, design recommendations across multiple domains present contradictions that need careful evaluation and application by designers and engineers. Future research could focus on adaptive long-term health impacts and integrate findings across indoor comfort domains to inform policy and practice in residential settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112268"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of window view and local airflow on human thermal comfort in a sudden change environment","authors":"Wenrui Zheng,&nbsp;Nianping Li,&nbsp;Fangning Shi,&nbsp;Jiaxin Chen,&nbsp;Min Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transitioning from outdoors to indoors involves a sudden environmental change. However, current thermal comfort standards and design guidelines focus on steady-state environments, which do not fully address the urgent need for comfort during dynamic recovery periods. This study uses a climate chamber experiment to investigate the effects of window view and local airflow on thermal recovery under sudden environmental changes. Twenty participants, after exercising in a 34 °C environment for 10 min, sat for 60 min in a 28 °C room (with a microenvironment featuring window view/local airflow). Physiological parameters and subjective responses were measured during this period. The results indicate that under sudden environmental changes, window view significantly positively affects thermal recovery through psychological effects, while local airflow mainly accelerates convective heat exchange. The influence on thermal sensation recovery and recovery speed is as follows: window view and local airflow coupling &gt; local airflow &gt; window view. In terms of physiological parameters, both of them only had a significant effect on skin temperature but not on heart rate and blood pressure. The results of the study not only reveal the key role of indoor microenvironment on the effect and speed of thermal sensation recovery under the sudden change environments, which enriches the theory of dynamic thermal comfort, but also provides a scientific basis for the control strategy of indoor environments under sudden change environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112288"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}