{"title":"Graves’s Ophthalmopathy and Covid19: Choices and Cautions","authors":"Ramin Kheirjou","doi":"10.19080/JETR.2021.06.555678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JETR.2021.06.555678","url":null,"abstract":"Graves is a common autoimmune disease of the thyroid which results in many complications especially ophthalmopathy. Graves’s ophthalmopathy is an inflammatory process that results in the enlargement of orbital soft tissues and vision problems. There are different approaches offered to the treatment of this problem. Recently the world has faced with covid 19 outbreak crises which can influence other disease and their treatment plans. We performed a review to determine the management of Graves’s ophthalmopathy in regards to the SARS‐ CoV‐2 pandemic. We concluded despite common reports of thyroid dysfunction in covid 19 diseases; it is not associated with an increased risk of COVID‐19 related hospitalization or a worse outcome. We also recommend orbital radiotherapy and corticosteroid plus selenium supplement as the best choice for Graves ophthalmopathy.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42207349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baiyang Zhao, Zhilu Li, Zhangyi He, Xinxin Zhou, Yiying Yu, K. Ren, Pingping Yan
{"title":"Metformin and Lactic Acidosis in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Baiyang Zhao, Zhilu Li, Zhangyi He, Xinxin Zhou, Yiying Yu, K. Ren, Pingping Yan","doi":"10.30564/JER.V3I1.2849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/JER.V3I1.2849","url":null,"abstract":"Metformin is the basic drug in the clinical treatment of Diabetes, often used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Its effect has been fully verified in the clinical treatment of T2DM. However, in the treatment of T2DM with metformin, there is still a certain probability of related lactic acidosis, and the fatality rate is high. Therefore, is the use of metformin drug treatment a direct risk factor for lactic acidosis in diabetic patients? This paper will review the hypoglycemic mechanism of metformin and related studies on lactic acidosis, so as to further explore the relationship between metformin and lactic acidosis in diabetic patients, and provide help and reference for metformin drugs in the clinical treatment of T2DM.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81609523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Genetics of Obesity and MC4R Deficiency: A Gene-oriented Approach to Obesity","authors":"O. Oral, G. Nomikos, N. Nomikos","doi":"10.30564/JER.V3I1.2977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/JER.V3I1.2977","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a multifactorial and complex health problem that is affected by several factors including genetic, environmental, social,behavioural, and biological aspects. Even though the influence of other environmental and behavioural factors such as sedentary lifestyle, high-calorie nutritional intake, and the inadequate expenditure of energy are acknowledged as important aspects that cause obesity, the issue of inheritance is indisputable. The study aims to investigate the effects of inheritance on obesity and examine how understanding and detecting genetic reasons behind obesity may benefit the treatment and prevention of the obesity epidemic. The relationship between common gene variants and obesity is now being studied through the emergence of GWAS. It is undeniable that genetic mutations and gene deficiencies particularly MC4R deficiency are significant factors. The process of detecting genes that create a tendency to obesity is currently being studied. It may be possible to prevent and treat obesity with the detection of certain genes.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88177803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gurvits Syndrome as a Manifestation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report","authors":"García Moreno Rm","doi":"10.19080/JETR.2021.06.555676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JETR.2021.06.555676","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening emergency associated with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), although it is more common in type 1 diabetes. This complication can be the initial presentation of undiagnosed type 1 DM or may occur as a consequence of a precipitating cause, such as poor adherence to treatment, infections, or non-infectious diseases. Physiopathology is based on a state of insulinopenia and increased concentration of counter-regulatory hormones that result in hyperglycemia, increase production of ketone bodies, and metabolic acidosis. These mechanisms lead to an inflammatory state with increased oxidative stress, cellular damage, and endothelial dysfunction [1].","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41814521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Status vitamin D in Ukraine patients with Grave’s Disease","authors":"V. Kravchenko","doi":"10.19080/JETR.2021.05.555675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JETR.2021.05.555675","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D, immunological parameters, and thyroid function. Objective: Study the effect of vitamin D on immunological parameters and thyroid function. Patients and Methods: The open-label controlled study included 102 patients with moderate Grave’s disease (GD) who applied to the consulting clinic of the Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism. VP Komissarenko NAMS of Ukraine “in the period 2018-2020. The control group included 42 people without thyroid pathology. immunochemiluminescent determination of 25(OH)D, antibodies to receptor TSH and TPO, radioimmune determination of thyroid hormones, ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland. Results: The level of vitamin D, determined by metabolite 25 (OH) D, in the serum of patients was significantly reduced compared to control. With age, vitamin D deficiency increased. At the age of 19-29.9 years the median was 59.1, at the age 30-49.9 – 47.0, at the age 50-65 years – 26,1 nmol / l. At the same time, an increase in the content of antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood serum was found. During treatment with tyrosol, along with a decrease in thyroid function, a decrease in the level of TSH Ab was observed. Complex treatment with tyrosol and vitamin D contributed to an even greater decrease in the level of TSH Ab. There was increase in TSH levels after 3 months. and a significant reduction volume thyroid after 6 months treatment. Conclusion: The use of vitamin D in the treatment of GD with tyrosol for 3-6 months reduces the level of TSH Ab, volume thyroid and increases the level of TSH.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46210511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statins and Diabetes Risk","authors":"S. Chowdhury","doi":"10.19080/JETR.2020.05.555674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JETR.2020.05.555674","url":null,"abstract":"Statins are a class of drugs that inhibit the HMG Co-A reductase enzyme and subsequently reduce the cholesterol levels. HMG Co-A reductase enzyme is involved in the cholesterol synthesis in the liver and accounts for 70% of the production of total body cholesterol. High cholesterol levels attribute to cardiovascular disease in high-risk individuals. Statins have been found to reduce CVD endpoints in the initial stages of the disease (secondary prevention) but evidence is still weak to support statin therapy in those without CVD but with high cholesterol levels (primary prevention). Statins are also associated with certain adverse effects like muscle pain, incident diabetes and elevated liver enzymes and occasionally muscle damage; although very rare. In this review I shall explore one of these adverse effects of statin therapy particularly the link between statins and incident diabetes in the following report and try to shed some light into this controversial topic.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47836389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statins and Diabetes Risk","authors":"Sumon Rahman Chowdhury","doi":"10.19080/jetr.2021.05.555674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jetr.2021.05.555674","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47056213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alpha-lipoic Acid: Effects on the Beat-to-Beat Vectorcardiographic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy","authors":"V. Serhiyenko, Krystina Kozlovska, A. Serhiyenko","doi":"10.30564/JER.V2I2.2750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/JER.V2I2.2750","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Relevance of cardiac autonomic neuropathy has not been fully recognized and there is no standardized treatment protocol.Aim: To evaluate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid on the beat-to-beat vectorcardiographic parameters, namely spatial QRS-T angle, QT dispersion (QTd) and corrected QT interval (QTc) in type 2 diabetes mellitus persons with cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Research designs and methods: Our study involved 33 persons with definite stage of cardiac autonomic neuropathy and diabetes mellitus type 2, which were assigned to each of two groups: one took standard antihyperglycaemic treatmen (n=15, control group) and the other (n=18) in addition to standard therapy - 600 mg of alpha-lipoic acid daily for three months. The analysis of vectorcardiographic parameters was performed. Results: It was found out that alpha-lipoic acid contributed to decrease of the vectorcardiographic parameters, namely QRS-T angle, QTd and QTc. Conclusions: The positive influences of alpha-lipoic acid suggest the usefulness of its prescription to type 2 diabetes mellitus persons with definite stage of cardiac autonomic neuropathy. The efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid is the result of its direct effect on the parameters of vectorcardiography.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83643486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Stress of COVID-19: Playing Havoc with the Hormones-A Review","authors":"S. Bajwa, Ridhima Sharma, Madhuri S. Kurdi","doi":"10.30564/JER.V2I2.2581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/JER.V2I2.2581","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people across the world engendering an unprecedented pandemic. Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 can present asymptomatic or in the form of the acute respiratory syndrome, viral pneumonia,or sepsis. Due to the novelty of the disease, the endocrine manifestations are not fully understood. It becomes indispensable to address the underlying endocrine disruptions contributing to the severe form of illness and thereby increasing the mortality.We discuss here the SARS-CoV-2 virus and endocrine reverberations based on the research with structurally similar SARS-COV-1. SARS-CoV-2 enters the body via its attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. Apart from lungs,ACE2 expression on various organs can lead to endocrine perturbations.In COVID-19 infection, pre-existing endocrine disorders warrant cautious management and may require replacement therapy. COVID-19 and its repercussions on hormones are discussed extensively in this review.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89592587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation between Prostatic Calculi and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","authors":"Ruipeng Tang, Chuan Xiao","doi":"10.30564/JER.V2I1.2518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/JER.V2I1.2518","url":null,"abstract":"Prostatic calculus is a common disease of the urinary system, Prostate stones are more common in middle-aged and elderly men, With the development of ultrasonic diagnosis, more and more patients with prostate stone were found in physical examination,According to research shows,The vast majority of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in the pathogenesis of examination was found to have prostate stones, but so far the correlation between prostate stones and benign prostatic hyperplasia is still not very clear,Benign prostatic hyperplasia is an important factor affecting the physical and mental health and quality of life of the elderly male, With an increasing trend of population aging in China more quickly, this problem is more and more outstanding, but also allows us to further study the relationship between prostate stones and benign prostatic hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":92667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and thyroid research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90761567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}