BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-26DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400233
Kohei Ohnishi, Takaaki Sokabe
{"title":"Thermosensory Roles of G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Other Cellular Factors in Animals","authors":"Kohei Ohnishi, Takaaki Sokabe","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400233","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this review, we introduce the concept of “dual thermosensing mechanisms,” highlighting the functional collaboration between G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that enable sophisticated cellular thermal responsiveness. GPCRs have been implicated in thermosensory processes, with recent findings identifying several candidates across species, including mammals, fruit flies, and nematodes. In many cases, these GPCRs work in conjunction with another class of thermosensors, TRP channels, offering insights into the complex mechanisms underlying thermosensory signaling. We examine how GPCRs function as thermosensors and how their signaling regulates cellular thermosensation, illustrating the complexity of thermosensory systems. Understanding these dual thermosensory mechanisms would advance our comprehension of cellular thermosensation and its regulatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202400233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400211
Elizabeth-Lauren Stevenson, Adrienne K. Mehalow, Jennifer J. Loros, Christina M. Kelliher, Jay C. Dunlap
{"title":"A Compensated Clock: Temperature and Nutritional Compensation Mechanisms Across Circadian Systems","authors":"Elizabeth-Lauren Stevenson, Adrienne K. Mehalow, Jennifer J. Loros, Christina M. Kelliher, Jay C. Dunlap","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circadian rhythms are ∼24-h biological oscillations that enable organisms to anticipate daily environmental cycles, so that they may designate appropriate day/night functions that align with these changes. The molecular clock in animals and fungi consists of a transcription-translation feedback loop, the plant clock is comprised of multiple interlocking feedback-loops, and the cyanobacterial clock is driven by a phosphorylation cycle involving three main proteins. Despite the divergent core clock mechanisms across these systems, all circadian clocks are able to buffer period length against changes in the ambient growth environment, such as temperature and nutrients. This defining capability, termed compensation, is critical to proper timekeeping, yet the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. Here we examine the known players in, and the current models for, compensation across five circadian systems. While compensation models across these systems are not yet unified, common themes exist across them, including regulation via temperature-dependent changes in post-translational modifications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400158
Peter A. Noble, Alexander Pozhitkov
{"title":"Perspective on Death: A Gateway to a New Biology","authors":"Peter A. Noble, Alexander Pozhitkov","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organismal death has long been considered the irreversible ending of an organism's integrated functioning as a whole. However, the persistence of functionality in organs, tissues, and cells postmortem, as seen in organ donation, raises questions about the mechanisms underlying this resilience. Recent research reveals that various factors, such as environmental conditions, metabolic activity, and inherent survival mechanisms, influence postmortem cellular functionality and transformation. These findings challenge our understanding of life and death, highlighting the potential for certain cells to grow and form new multicellular entities. This opens new avenues in biology and medicine, expanding our comprehension of life's complexity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300158
Nathan R. James, John S. O'Neill
{"title":"Circadian Control of Protein Synthesis","authors":"Nathan R. James, John S. O'Neill","doi":"10.1002/bies.202300158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202300158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Daily rhythms in the rate and specificity of protein synthesis occur in most mammalian cells through an interaction between cell-autonomous circadian regulation and daily cycles of systemic cues. However, the overall protein content of a typical cell changes little over 24 h. For most proteins, translation appears to be coordinated with protein degradation, producing phases of proteomic renewal that maximize energy efficiency while broadly maintaining proteostasis across the solar cycle. We propose that a major function of this temporal compartmentalization—and of circadian rhythmicity in general—is to optimize the energy efficiency of protein synthesis and associated processes such as complex assembly. We further propose that much of this temporal compartmentalization is achieved at the level of translational initiation, such that the translational machinery alternates between distinct translational mechanisms, each using a distinct toolkit of phosphoproteins to preferentially recognize and translate different classes of mRNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202300158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400245
Alexander Kraus, Wolfgang R. Hess
{"title":"How Small Proteins Adjust the Metabolism of Cyanobacteria Under Stress","authors":"Alexander Kraus, Wolfgang R. Hess","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400245","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several recently discovered small proteins of less than 100 amino acids control important, but sometimes surprising, steps in the metabolism of cyanobacteria. There is mounting evidence that a large number of small protein genes have also been overlooked in the genome annotation of many other microorganisms. Although too short for enzymatic activity, their functional characterization has frequently revealed the involvement in processes such as signaling and sensing, interspecies communication, stress responses, metabolism, regulation of transcription and translation, and in the formation of multisubunit protein complexes. Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes that perform oxygenic photosynthesis. They thrive under a wide variety of conditions as long as there is light and must cope with dynamic changes in the environment. To acclimate to these fluctuations, frequently small regulatory proteins become expressed that target key enzymes and metabolic processes. The consequences of their actions are profound and can even impact the surrounding microbiome. This review highlights the diverse functions of recently discovered small proteins that control cyanobacterial metabolism. It also addresses why many of these proteins have been overlooked so far and explores the potential for implementing metabolic engineering strategies to improve the use of cyanobacteria in biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202400245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300197
Ceniz Zihni
{"title":"Phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium: New insights into polarized cell mechanics","authors":"Ceniz Zihni","doi":"10.1002/bies.202300197","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202300197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a specialized epithelium at the back of the eye that carries out a variety of functions essential for visual health. Recent studies have advanced our molecular understanding of one of the major functions of the RPE; phagocytosis of spent photoreceptor outer segments (POS). Notably, a mechanical link, formed between apical integrins bound to extracellular POS and the intracellular actomyosin cytoskeleton, is proposed to drive the internalization of POS. The process may involve a “nibbling” action, as an initial step, to sever outer segment tips. These insights have led us to hypothesize an “integrin adhesome-like” network, atypically assembled at apical membrane RPE-POS contacts. I propose that this hypothetical network orchestrates the complex membrane remodeling events required for particle internalization. Therefore, its analysis and characterization will likely lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control POS phagocytosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202300197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400278
Riikka Kivelä
{"title":"Decoding Angiocrine Signaling: Endothelial Cells as Drivers of Organ Regeneration and Homeostasis","authors":"Riikka Kivelä","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400278","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400183
Jean-Pascal Capp, Benoît Aliaga, Vera Pancaldi
{"title":"Evidence of Epigenetic Oncogenesis: A Turning Point in Cancer Research","authors":"Jean-Pascal Capp, Benoît Aliaga, Vera Pancaldi","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400183","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In cancer research, the term epigenetics was used in the 1970s in its modern sense encompassing non-genetic events modifying the chromatin state, mainly to oppose the emerging oncogene paradigm. However, starting from the establishment of this prominent concept, the importance of these epigenetic phenomena in cancer rarely led to questioning the causal role of genetic alterations. Only in the last 10 years, the accumulation of problematic data, better experimental technologies, and some ambitious models pushed the idea that epigenetics could be at least as important as genetics in early oncogenesis. Until this year, a direct demonstration of epigenetic oncogenesis was still lacking. Now, Parreno, Cavalli and colleagues, using a refined experimental model in the fruit fly <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, enforced the initiation of tumors solely by imposing a transient loss of Polycomb repression, leading to a purely epigenetic oncogenesis phenomenon. Despite a few caveats that we discuss, this pioneering work represents a major breakpoint in cancer research. We are led to consider the theoretical and conceptual implications on oncogenesis and to search for links between this artificial experimental model and naturally occurring processes, while revisiting cancer theories that were previously proposed as alternatives to the oncogene-centered paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202400183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioEssaysPub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400200
Vitalii Zablotskii, Tatyana Polyakova, Alexandr Dejneka
{"title":"Exploring Ion Channel Magnetic Pharmacology: Are Magnetic Cues a Viable Alternative to Ion Channel Drugs?","authors":"Vitalii Zablotskii, Tatyana Polyakova, Alexandr Dejneka","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We explore the potential of using magnetic cues as a novel approach to modulating ion channel expression, which could provide an alternative to traditional pharmacological interventions. Ion channels are crucial targets for pharmacological therapies, and ongoing research in this field continues to introduce new methods for treating various diseases. However, the efficacy of ion channel drugs is often compromised by issues such as target selectivity, leading to side effects, toxicity, and complex drug interactions. These challenges, along with problems like drug resistance and difficulties in crossing biological barriers, highlight the need for innovative strategies. In this context, the proposed use of magnetic cues to modulate ion channel expression may offer a promising solution to address these limitations, potentially improving the safety and effectiveness of treatments, particularly for long-term use. Key developments in this area are reviewed, the relationships between changes in ion channel expression and magnetic fields are summarized, knowledge gaps are identified, and central issues relevant to future research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202400200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}