British Journal of Neurosurgery最新文献

{"title":"2026 - A year in review for the British Journal of Neurosurgery.","authors":"Nitin Mukerji","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2731725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2731725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dural-based cavernoma presenting as a large extra-axial cyst: a rare case report and focused literature review.","authors":"Segev Gabay, Michal Raz, Orna Aizenstein, Shlomi Constantini, Ido Strauss","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2726286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2726286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are benign vascular lesions most commonly found within the brain parenchyma. Extra-axial and dural-based cavernomas are exceedingly rare, and cystic variants are even less frequently described. Their radiological appearance may mimic more common extra-axial lesions, posing a potential diagnostic challenge. We report a unique case of a dural-based cavernoma presenting as a giant extra-axial cyst with recurrent haemorrhage rhage, and we review the relevant literature.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 30-year-old woman was followed for a decade for a large left fronto-temporal extra-axial cyst, initially discovered incidentally. Serial MRI scans demonstrated a slowly enlarging cyst with high T2/FLAIR signal, low-intermediate T1 signal, and mild peripheral enhancement. Later follow-up imaging revealed an interval haemorrhage rhage within the cyst. She subsequently presented with a transient episode of dysphasia and right-hand numbness. CT confirmed acute bleeding into and around the cyst with mild mass effect. She soon underwent an elective fronto-temporal craniotomy. Intraoperatively, a thick-walled cyst with multiple septations was evacuated, and a dural-based vascular lesion near the temporal base was excised. Histopathology confirmed a cavernous malformation with haemorrhage rhage, hemosiderin deposition, and chronic inflammation. Postoperatively, she recovered rapidly without complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates a rare presentation of a dural-based cystic cavernoma mimicking an atypical extra-axial cyst. The absence of classic CCM imaging features, together with cystic morphology and mild wall enhancement, contributed to the diagnostic complexity. Dural-based cavernomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of giant extra-axial cysts that do not follow CSF intensity on all MRI sequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decompressive craniectomy for severe central nervous system infection: a 15-year Swedish multicentre case-series.","authors":"Klas Holmgren, Alba Corell, Peter Lindvall, Richard Ågren, Bjartur Sæmundsson, Robert Nilsson, Caroline Leijonmarck, Vilgot Lagergren, Riyad Donardi, Anna Ljunghill Hedberg, Per Enblad, Alexander Fletcher-Sandersjöö, Teodor Svedung Wettervik","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2726284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2726284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe community-acquired central nervous system (CNS) infections may, in rare cases, cause life-threatening cerebral oedema. This study aimed to investigate the utilisation, indications, and outcomes of decompressive craniectomy (DC) as a last-tier intervention for intracranial hypertension for these conditions in a Swedish multicentre setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective multicentre case series, we included all patients who underwent DC for severe CNS infection between 2008 and 2022 (only 2008-2018 at one centre) at five neurosurgical departments, covering approximately 80% of the Swedish population. Demographic, clinical, radiological, surgical, and outcome data were extracted from medical records. Functional outcome at approximately 6 months was assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), with favourable outcome defined as GOS > 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients underwent DC during the 15-year study period, corresponding to an annual rate of approximately 0.1 cases per million inhabitants. Seven patients had community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM), two viral encephalitis, and one brain abscess. Three CABM patients exhibited diffuse cerebral oedema without midline shift and underwent bifrontal DC, whereas seven patients with focal pathology and lateralised mass effect, including CABM with subdural empyema, viral encephalitis, or brain abscess, were treated with hemicraniectomy. In nearly all cases, extensive ICP-lowering therapies had been exhausted prior to DC. DC resulted in reduced midline shift and improved basal cistern patency and was associated with a low complication rate. One patient underwent reoperation for DC extension; no postoperative haemorrhages, infections, or chronic hydrocephalus occurred. Mortality was 30%, contrasted by 50% who achieved a favourable functional outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DC for severe CNS infections is exceedingly rare and reserved for highly selected patients with refractory intracranial hypertension. The observed complication burden and functional outcomes are descriptive only and should not be interpreted as evidence of treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma Knife radiosurgery in patients with indwelling deep brain stimulator systems.","authors":"Zekai Qiang, Christopher Bragg, John Yianni","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2727102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2727102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapy for medically intractable movement disorders but poor response or habituation may prompt noninvasive salvage strategies. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) offers targeted lesioning with a favourable risk profile, yet feasibility in patients with indwelling DBS systems remains underreported. We describe two patients with implanted DBS hardware who underwent Gamma Knife SRS (GKSRS) for intracranial pathologies.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>Case 1: a 33-year-old female with right thalamic/midbrain arteriovenous malformation (AVM), developed Holmes rubral tremor after hemorrhage, requiring left thalamic DBS in 2018. After further AVM hemorrhage in 2022, a third GKSRS treatment was performed in 2025, (0.321 cc, 15 Gy prescription dose to 52% isodose line), with radiofrequency exposure limited to ≤2.0 μT to protect DBS components. Case 2: a 44-year-old female with multiple sclerosis and left-sided trigeminal neuralgia underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery for facial pain in 2017 (40 Gy to 50% isodose line) and bilateral thalamic DBS implantation for tremor within the same year. Following pain recurrence despite maximum medical therapy, a second GKSRS was performed in 2019 using identical treatment parameters with bilateral DBS in place. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) verification in Case 1 demonstrated <0.5mm maximal translational or rotational discrepancies, confirming acceptable registration accuracy despite metallic artifacts from DBS hardware. Ongoing follow up has not identified any stimulation-related adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This series demonstrates the safety and technical feasibility of GKSRS in patients with indwelling DBS, with CBCT confirming adequate precision despite metallic implants. GKSRS may be a viable salvage option for suboptimal DBS outcomes, avoiding surgical device removal risks. Larger cohorts are warranted to establish consensus guidelines for target planning and device management in neural implant patients undergoing radiation therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does low-dose aspirin use influence rates of pseudoarthrosis after posterior and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion? A propensity-matched study.","authors":"Kevin T Kim, Ziam Khan, Joseph Stains, Timothy Chryssikos","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2723109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2723109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are common medications often avoided by spine surgeons for their perceived negative effects on arthrodesis. Aspirin is a unique NSAID with distinct pharmacological properties compared to other NSAIDs. At lower doses, aspirin induces more potent inhibition of COX-1 versus COX-2, decreasing osteoclastic activity and upregulating osteogenic pathways in animal models. Aspirin's role in spinal fusion outcomes is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between aspirin 81 mg daily use and pseudoarthrosis after single-level PLIF or TLIF surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing TriNetX, a large research platform including 71 participating healthcare organizations, to identify patient cohorts who underwent single-level PLIF or TLIF surgery. Patients were stratified by no aspirin and aspirin 81 mg daily use, defined by documented medication use within 3 months prior to and following surgery. The primary outcome was diagnosis of pseudoarthrosis. Propensity score matching (1:1 ratio) was performed for relevant demographic and clinical variables including those utilized in frailty indices, followed by risk analyses to determine odds of outcome at 6-months, 1-year, 2-years, 3-years, and 5-years. Additionally, odds of reoperation within 5 years and 30-day complication and hospital utilization rates were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For patients who underwent single-level PLIF or TLIF, there were significantly lower rates of reported pseudoarthrosis in the aspirin 81 mg (n = 2,936) group at all timepoints, but there were no differences in reoperation rates at any timepoint. There were no significant differences in 30-day wound healing complications, surgical site infections, post-operative hematoma, transfusions, ED visits, and readmissions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients taking daily 81 mg aspirin who underwent single-level PLIF or TLIF did not demonstrate higher rates of pseudoarthrosis. There were no differences in reoperation and 30-day complications and hospital utilization. Changes to clinical practice are not recommended until prospective studies are completed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The history, transatlantic legacy and current state of neurosurgery in Plymouth, England.","authors":"Damjan Veljanoski, Jabir Nagaria, H R Winn, Peter Whitfield, James Palmer","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2720008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2720008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This article examines the history, transatlantic legacy, and current state of neurosurgery in Plymouth, England. It explores how the South West Neurosurgical Centre, founded in 1964, evolved from a regional unit into a major hub for neurosurgical care, innovation and training, including a long-standing training partnership with the University of Virginia (UVA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Primary sources were drawn from the Cottonian Research Room of the Plymouth Archive at The Box Museum, operative logbooks, departmental newsletters, and photographic records. Additional source material included the SBNS Newsletter, published obituaries, a Hansard parliamentary debate, and contemporaneous press reports. Oral histories from former consultants were incorporated where documentary evidence was incomplete.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The department's early years were shaped by the challenges of limited infrastructure and reliance on itinerant neurosurgical services. The appointment of Henry Gossman in 1964 marked a turning point, with rapid expansion in admissions and the establishment of structured head injury care across Devon and Cornwall. A defining feature was the transatlantic training programme initiated in 1970 with UVA, which brought 39 American residents to Plymouth over three decades, many of whom went on to lead academic neurosurgical programmes in the United States. Locally, the department advanced subspecialisation, introduced image-guided surgery, and developed strong collaborations with radiology and anaesthesia. Since relocating to Derriford Hospital in 1986, the Centre has expanded to serve a population of nearly two million, performing approximately 2,000 operations annually and contributing to national clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The history of neurosurgery in Plymouth provides a case study in the regionalisation of specialist surgical care, the growth of consultant-led neurosurgical services outside metropolitan centres, and the development of international training networks. Its partnership with UVA was a distinctive example of transatlantic neurosurgical education, while its later expansion reflects broader changes in UK neurosurgery, including subspecialisation, multidisciplinary working, and academic integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early postoperative complications and one-year follow-up after posteroventral pallidotomy and ventral intermediate nucleus thalamotomy for Parkinson's disease. A single center study, cairo, Egypt.","authors":"Mostafa Elmaghraby, Ahmed Elkishky, Mohamed Ahmed Ellabbad, Islam M Alaghory, Mostafa Mahmoud Aboelkhir, Ahmed Ibrahim Rewehy, Alazzazi Rabei, Alaa Rashad Ibrahim, Mariam Abdelrasheed Ghanem, Abdel-Ghaffar Ismail Fayed, Rasha Abdelhameed Zaki, Ali Salah Khedr, Mohammed Sayed Ismail El-Shandawely, Muhammad Alasad, Ahmed El-Sherif","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2697847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2697847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ablative procedures for Parkinson's disease (PD) remain effective because they target the dysfunctional neural circuits causeing symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and slowed movement. While deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as the gold standard for surgical care of PD due to its reversibility, ablative procedures remain necessary in particular circumstances. As in higher risk of infection, limited healthcare resources andfinancial constraints. Ablative surgeries are a good, reasonably priced option for relieving symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study looked at the early postoperative complications of stereotactic radiofrequency thalamotomy and pallidotomy in people with PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study showed a single-center one-year follow-up for (30 cases). Data were analyzed regarding the technical safety and efficacy of ablative procedures, especially in a healthcare setting with limited resources. Thirty patients diagnosed with PD were enrolled for stereotactic radiofrequency ablation (RF). The surgical procedures included (1) posteroventral pallidotomy when targeting the posteroventral portion of the globus pallidus internus (GPi), (2) ventral intermediate nucleus thalamotomy when targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM), and (3) unilateral both lesions for patients with both rigidity and tremors as there was risk to ablate the STN (sub thalamic nucleus).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were improvements in tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and gait. However, improvement was more pronounced and statistically significant only in tremors and rigidity grades. The postoperative complications experienced were weakness in 1 patient (3.3%), speech problems in 3 patients (10%), transient confusion in 3 patients (10%), and thalamic ataxia in 1 patient (3.3%), while there were no cases with disturbed conscious level (DCL) or massive intracerebral hemorrhage in the studied patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ablative procedures for PD management pose minimal risk to patients, making them an acceptable alternative to DBS in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does pre-operative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predict patient-reported pain and functional outcomes at 12 months after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?","authors":"Thomas Keith, Chinmay Tijare, Balint Borbas, Agbolahan Sofela, Himanshu Sharma, Temidayo Osunronbi","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2714953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2714953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been found in various fields to be a predictor of post-operative pain and functional outcomes. To date no studies have looked at NLR in relation to patient outcomes after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The primary aim is to determine the relationship between pre-operative NLR, pain and functional outcomes at 12-months post elective ACDF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 60 patients undergoing 1 or 2 level ACDF. Pre-operative NLR and demographic data were collected. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for neck and arm pain, and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were collected at baseline and 12 months postoperatively. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of demographic factors and NLR with improvement in VAS and NDI scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A unit increase in NLR was associated with a 56% decrease in the odds of improvement in neck pain (OR: 0.44; CI: 0.21-0.89, p = 0.02). NLR was not found to be a statistically significant predictor of improvement in VAS Arm or NDI. Higher baseline VAS arm and neck scores were associated with greater odds of improvement in pain postoperatively. Compared to patients with cervical disc herniation, those with cervical stenosis had a 72% decrease in the odds of substantial clinical benefit in NDI score (OR: 0.28 CI: 0.09-0.91, p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated preoperative NLR was associated with lower odds of neck pain improvement after ACDF but did not predict disability or arm pain improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SBNS global fellowships: what can UK trainees learn from Nepal?","authors":"Rebecca Hodnett","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2708675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2026.2708675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of microvascular decompression and radiofrequency rhizotomy in idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia with a neurovascular contact without root distortion.","authors":"Juan M Altamirano, Sergio Moreno-Jiménez, Miguel Jimenez-Olvera, Guillermo Axayacalt Gutierrez-Aceves, José Damián Carrillo-Ruiz","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2614336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02688697.2026.2614336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the long-term pain control outcomes between microvascular decompression (MVD) and radiofrequency rhizotomy (RFR) in patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with a neurovascular contact without root distortion after first-time surgical treatment, as there is no clear recommendation for choosing between these surgical modalities for this patient group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study evaluated patients diagnosed with idiopathic TN with a neurovascular contact without root distortion. Patients treated with MVD or RFR as first-time surgical treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 patients were included, with 20 treated with MVD and 6 with RFR. Patients treated with MVD exhibited a longer median time until pain recurrence compared to those treated with RFR (median 24 months [CI 9.38-38.62] <i>vs.</i> 5 months [CI 0-11], <i>p</i> = 0.05). Further subanalysis revealed that these differences were primarily seen in a specific subgroup: patients in the MVD group with a preoperative symptom duration of <5 years (PSD < 5Y). This subgroup demonstrated a significantly lower risk of pain recurrence compared to those treated with RFR, with a Hazard ratio of 7.791 (95% CI 1.379-44.013; <i>p</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MVD resulted in superior pain control compared to RFR in patients with idiopathic TN with a neurovascular contact without root distortion and with a PSD < 5Y, after initial surgical treatment. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting these findings due to study limitations, including its retrospective design and small sample size. Further research is warranted to validate these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":9261,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"663-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}