Vanessa Tran, Celestine Wong, Simone Belobrov, Ryan De Cruz, Vanessa Morgan, Laura Scardamaglia
{"title":"Orofacial granulomatosis secondary to sodium metabisulfite contact allergy.","authors":"Vanessa Tran, Celestine Wong, Simone Belobrov, Ryan De Cruz, Vanessa Morgan, Laura Scardamaglia","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf132","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"330-331"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zixuan Huang, Wenzhe Zhao, Chuqiao Xu, Jie Zheng, Chuanxin Huang, Haiqin Zhu, Meng Pan
{"title":"Interleukin (IL)-34 promotes the inflammatory role of IL-1β-producing myeloid cells in pemphigus lesions.","authors":"Zixuan Huang, Wenzhe Zhao, Chuqiao Xu, Jie Zheng, Chuanxin Huang, Haiqin Zhu, Meng Pan","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf130","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pemphigus is a life-threatening autoimmune disease mediated by anti-desmoglein (Dsg) autoantibodies. Ectopic lymphoid-like structures (ELS) are frequently found in chronic skin lesions and are thought to contribute to local autoantibody production. However, the mechanisms driving ELS formation at lesion sites remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the role of myeloid cells in the formation of ELS in pemphigus lesions, and to identify potential therapeutic targets by better understanding the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to identify the myeloid subpopulations in pemphigus lesions and study their functions. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to validate the presence of interleukin (IL)-1β-producing myeloid cells. Culture, bulk RNA-seq and transwell chemotaxis experiments were conducted to assess the effects of IL-34 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α on monocytes. Additionally, the high expression of IL-34 in pemphigus keratinocytes was validated by IHC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We first confirmed the abundant presence of myeloid cells within ELS in pemphigus skin lesions, including pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed that IL-1β-producing macrophages ('IL1B_Macro') is the dominant myeloid subpopulation in pemphigus lesions, originating from classical monocytes. These cells have a strong inflammatory and chemotactic transcriptomic profile, expressing high levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and chemokines such as CCL20, CCL3, CCL5 and CXCL5, promoting leucocyte infiltration. Ex vivo experiments showed that IL1B_Macro differentiation is enhanced by the synergistic action of IL-34 and TNF-α, which can be attenuated by a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor. IL-34 alone also promotes IL-1β and CCL20 expression, and keratinocytes were found to be the major source of elevated IL-34 in pemphigus lesions. Bulk RNA-seq data indicated that high IL-34 expression in pemphigus keratinocytes correlates with increased levels of CCL5, IL-6 and IL-23α.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-1β-producing myeloid cells play a crucial role in the formation of ELS in pemphigus lesions through inflammatory and chemotactic pathways. Keratinocytes contribute to this process by producing IL-34, which fuels local inflammation. These findings offer new insights into pemphigus immunopathogenesis and suggest the IL-34/CSF-1R pathway as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"287-297"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davina Henderson, Paul J Turner, Jonathan O'B Hourihane
{"title":"Isotretinoin and peanut allergy: evidence of safety is staring us in the face.","authors":"Davina Henderson, Paul J Turner, Jonathan O'B Hourihane","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf137","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"324-325"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesus Gay-Mimbrera, Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo, Pedro J Gómez-Arias, Irene Rivera-Ruiz, Macarena Aguilar-Luque, Carmen Mochón-Jiménez, Eloísa Andújar Pulido, Mónica Pérez-Alegre, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Juan Ruano
{"title":"Comprehensive single-cell chromatin and transcriptomic profiling of peripheral immune cells in nonsegmental vitiligo.","authors":"Jesus Gay-Mimbrera, Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo, Pedro J Gómez-Arias, Irene Rivera-Ruiz, Macarena Aguilar-Luque, Carmen Mochón-Jiménez, Eloísa Andújar Pulido, Mónica Pérez-Alegre, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Juan Ruano","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) is an autoimmune condition characterized by melanocyte loss. While skin-specific mechanisms have been well studied, systemic immune dysregulation contributing to NSV pathogenesis remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To use a multi-omic single-cell approach to investigate circulating immune cells in NSV, integrating transcriptional and chromatin accessibility data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An integrative single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq)/single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATACseq) analysis was conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from people with NSV (n = 11) and healthy control participants (n = 5), identifying transcriptional markers, cell-cell interactions, chromatin accessibility and transcription factor (TF) dynamics. Key findings were validated in an expanded cohort (patients with NSV, n = 16; healthy controls, n = 9) using spectral flow cytometry, with additional stratification by sex, age, disease activity, severity and duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of 59 192 PBMCs identified 8204 gene expression markers and 13 925 ATAC peaks across 25 immune cell subtypes. A broadly activated immune response was observed, characterized by cytotoxicity, antigen presentation, cell exhaustion and stress, predominantly in monocytes, natural killer cells, CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells. Multi-omic integration revealed T helper (Th)1/Th17 polarization and dysfunctional regulatory T cell [Treg/memory Treg (mTreg)] responses. Chromatin accessibility highlighted enriched TF binding sites for forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), Sp1, activator protein 1 (AP-1), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1/STAT3, interferon regulatory factor (IRF)1 and IRF4, regulating pathways linked to cytotoxicity, antigen processing, nuclear factor-κB, Toll-like receptor and Janus kinase/STAT signalling. Flow cytometry validated these findings, showing that disease activity and shorter duration were associated with heightened immune dysregulation. Robust T-cell receptor activation drove Th1/Th17 polarization and elevated interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA)+ skin-homing Th1/Th17-polarized CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and mTregs exhibited persistent activation, marked by basal programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)+ expression. OX40/OX40L-mediated interactions between monocytes and effector T cells amplified inflammation. Regulatory dysfunction, including reduced interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 production by mTregs, was prominent in moderate-to-severe and active disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first multi-omic single-cell study of PBMCs from people with NSV, revealing systemic immune dysregulation driven by cytotoxicity, antigen presentation, exhaustion and regulatory failure. Disease severity, activity and evolutio","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid improvements in Kaposi sarcoma with metformin: a report of two cases.","authors":"Ting Su, Yongkai Yu, Zhonglan Su, Yan Lu","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf090","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KLF4 variants in palmoplantar, nonsyndromic and syndromic epidermal differentiation disorder phenotypes.","authors":"Robert W Gruber, Matthias Schmuth","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adding arginine to the list of single amino acids important in epidermal barrier function.","authors":"Ryan F L O'Shaughnessy","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf110","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rita J Iskandar, Mina Tadrous, Paul Nguyen, Lisa Dolovich, Michael Green, Eliot Frymire, Aaron M Drucker
{"title":"Characteristics of patients seeking skin-related minor ailment pharmacy services in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Rita J Iskandar, Mina Tadrous, Paul Nguyen, Lisa Dolovich, Michael Green, Eliot Frymire, Aaron M Drucker","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"173-175"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedicte Delcoigne, Josefin Lysell, Johan Askling
{"title":"Incidence, stage and outcome of malignant melanoma, keratinocyte and other cancers in individuals with vitiligo or alopecia: intraindividual or familial risks?","authors":"Benedicte Delcoigne, Josefin Lysell, Johan Askling","doi":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bjd/ljaf074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitiligo and autoimmune alopecia (AA) are caused by T cell-mediated autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals. Studies in vitiligo have reported reduced risks for malignant melanoma (MM), as well as for keratinocyte cancer (KC). Similarly, in AA, reduced risks for KC and MM have been reported. The driving mechanisms (genetic predisposition, immunological or other effects of the disease phenotypes, or environmental factors) remain unclear. Whether or not the immune-related genetic predisposition in vitiligo and AA offers 'inherent' protection against other types of cancer remains unresolved.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the incidence and outcome of MM, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and noncutaneous cancers in vitiligo and AA, compared with the general population, and to investigate the corresponding risks in their respective siblings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a population-based matched cohort study using data from linkage of Swedish registers. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) contrasting patients with vitiligo or AA with the general population, as well as contrasting patients' siblings with siblings of individuals from the general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2006 and 2021, we included 15 030 patients with vitiligo and 18 541 with AA, along with, respectively, 17 853 and 21 821 of their siblings. Based on 17 MM events [crude incidence rate per 100 000 person-years (IR) = 16] and 23 SCC events (IR = 22) in vitiligo, along with 20 MM events (IR = 15) and 24 SCC events (IR = 18) in AA, the hazard ratio (HR) for MM was 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32-0.86] in vitiligo and 0.53 (95% CI 0.34-0.83) in AA. Regarding SCC, the HR was 0.81 (95% CI 0.53-1.24) in vitiligo and 0.65 (95% CI 0.43-0.98) in AA. Stage at diagnosis of MM did not differ substantially between patients and the general population. Among siblings, HRs for MM and SCC were not statistically significantly altered (0.82 ≤ HR ≤ 1.10; P > 0.05). In patients and their siblings, HRs for noncutaneous solid or haematological cancers were not reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In vitiligo and in AA the decreased risk of cutaneous cancers extends beyond the cell type targeted by the autoimmune reaction. The general tendency towards somewhat reduced skin cancer risks among patients' siblings suggests a role for factors other than the disease phenotypes per se. Neither the vitiligo and AA phenotypes nor their immune-related genetic predispositions seem to offer any 'inherent' protection against noncutaneous malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9238,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}