BMC Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of beta-lactamase genes and molecular genotyping of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Azadeh Ferdosi-Shahandashti, Abazar Pournajaf, Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti, Fatemeh Zaboli, Kasra Javadi","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03679-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03679-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Klebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically relevant pathogen that has raised considerable public health concerns. This study aims to determine the presence of beta-lactamase genes and perform molecular genotyping of multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical isolates of MDR K. pneumoniae were collected from educational hospitals affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences. The isolates of K. pneumoniae were identified through standard microbial and biochemical tests. Antibiotic resistance was assessed using disk diffusion, modified Hodge test (MHT), combined disk, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was performed for molecular typing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 42 MDR K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from various clinical specimens. The highest antibiotic resistance was observed for ampicillin (100%), while the lowest resistance was noted for amikacin (19.04%). The MHT indicated that 38.09% of K. pneumoniae isolates produced carbapenemase enzymes. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production was found in 54.76% of isolates. Molecular detection of beta-lactamase genes revealed the presence of bla_NDM (21.42%), bla_KPC (42.85%), bla_TEM (76.19%), bla_SHV (47.16%), and bla_CTX-M (80.95%) genes. ERIC-PCR molecular typing identified seven distinct genetic patterns among the isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This investigation demonstrates the high resistance levels of K. pneumoniae strains. The beta-lactamase genes with the highest and lowest frequencies correspond to bla_CTX-M and bla_NDM genes, respectively. ERIC-PCR dendrograms suggest a common origin for K. pneumoniae clinical isolates and the propagation of similar clones within hospital wards. These findings indicate that K. pneumoniae isolates are highly virulent, necessitating the development of more effective resistance-fighting techniques and gene transfer research.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcription factor YbdO attenuates the pathogenicity of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by regulating oxidative stress response.","authors":"Lumin Yu, Yuzhong Zhao, Shanpeng Zhang, Linan Xu, Su Tang, Yuxuan Geng, Cong Xue, Xinglin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03715-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03715-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a significant pathogen infecting poultry that is responsible for high mortality, morbidity and severe economic losses to the poultry industry globally, posing a substantial risk to the health of poultry. APEC encounters reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the infection process and thus has evolved antioxidant defense mechanisms to protect against oxidative damage. The imbalance of ROS production and antioxidant defenses is known as oxidative stress, which results in oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA, and even bacterial cell death. APEC uses transcription factors (TFs) to handle oxidative stress. While many TFs in E. coli have been well characterized, the mechanism of the YbdO TF on protecting against oxidative damage and regulating the virulence and pathogenicity of APEC has not been clarified. Here we focus on the regulatory mechanism of YbdO on the pathogenicity of APEC. The results from this study showed that YbdO attenuated the pathogenicity of APEC in chicks infection models by inhibiting the expression of virulence genes fepG and ycgV using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) experiments. The electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirmed that YbdO specifically bound to the promoters of fepG and ycgV. Additionally, YbdO increases H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage to APEC via repressing the expression of oxidative stress response genes sodA, soxR, ahpC, ahpF, katG, and oxyR by binding to their promoter regions. The repression effect facilitates host immune response to eliminate APEC and to generate beneficial immune protection to the body, thereby indirectly attenuating the pathogenicity of APEC. These findings might provide further insights into the mechanism of oxidative damage to APEC and offer new perspectives for further studies on the prevention and control of APEC infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction effects of different chemical fractions of lanthanum, cerium, and fluorine on the taxonomic composition of soil microbial community.","authors":"Ying Jiang, DaiXi Zhang, Shirong Zhang, Ting Li, Guiyin Wang, Xiaoxun Xu, Yulin Pu, Lichao Nengzi","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03708-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03708-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extensive mining of bastnasite (CeFCO₃) has caused pollution of lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), and fuorine (F) in the surrounding farmland soil, severely threatening the safety of the soil ecosystem. However, the interaction effects of various chemical fractions of La, Ce, and F on the composition of microbial communities are unclear. In our study, high-throughput sequencing was performed based on the pot experiments of four types of combined pollution soils, i.e., La + Ce (LC), Ce + F (CF), La + F (LF), and La + Ce + F (LCF), and the pollution concentration ranges of these three elements of 20-240, 40-450, and 150-900 mg kg^-1, respectively. The improved Tessier method was used to investigate the interaction effects of chemical fractions of these elements on the variations in the soil microbial compositions. The result showed the residual form of La (La_RES) displayed restraint on Abditibacteriota, leading to its undetected level in the highest concentration of LC-polluted soils, whereas promoted relative abundance of microbes (Planctomycetota, Elusimicrobiota, Gemmatimonadota, and Rozellomycota) by more than 80%; the exchangeable and organic-bound forms of Ce and F as well as the iron-manganese-bound and residual forms of F were identified as the stress factors for the sensitive bacteria (e.g., WS4, Elusimicrobiota, RCP2-54, and Monoblepharomycota) in CF-polluted soils; in LF-polluted soils, the water-soluble form of La showed the most toxic effect on RCP2-54, Nitrospirota, and FCPU426, leading to decreased relative abundance by more than 80%; while La_RES and iron-manganese-bound form of F were identified as the stress factors for the relative abundance of Nitrospirota, Elusimicrobiota, and GAL15, showing decline of more than 80% in LCF-polluted soils. Our study revealed both inhibition and promotion effects of the element interaction on the growth of microbial communities, providing a certain experimental evidence to support further exploration of the treatment of environmental pollution caused by these elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome and metabolome analysis in smoking and non-smoking pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients.","authors":"Xiao Liang, Yiqing Zhu, Yongqi Bu, Min Dong, Guoming Zhang, Changxu Chen, Haoyun Tang, Limei Wang, Peng Wang, Yifan Wang, Ruiguang Ma, Xinyu Chen, Jun Wang, Guoxian Yu, Ning Zhong, Lixiang Li, Zhen Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03688-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03688-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is a significant risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking on the pancreatic microbiome and metabolome in resectable and unresectable male PDAC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The pancreatic tissue samples were collected from resectable PDACs via surgery and unresectable PDACs via endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Surgical samples obtained from 10 smoking and 6 non-smoking PDACs were measured by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Fine needle aspiration (FNA) samples obtained from 20 smoking and 14 non-smoking PDACs were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From resectable to unresectable patients, the dominant genus in the pancreas changed from Achromobacter to Delftia. Smoking further altered the abundance of specific bacteria, mainly manifested as an increase of Slackia in surgical tumor tissue of the smoking group, and an enrichment of Aggregatibacter and Peptococcus in FNA samples of the smoking group. In tumor tissue, smoking caused an enrichment of the cancer-promoting cAMP signaling pathway and L-lactic acid. In paracancerous tissue, smoking also induced a detrimental disturbance in the pancreatic microbiome and metabolome, including an enrichment of Veillonella, Novosphingobium, Deinococcus, and 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, and a reduction of linoleic acid. Besides, the cancer-promoting L-lactic acid was negatively correlated with Faecalibacterium in tumor tissue based on the correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were differences in the pancreatic microbiome of PDAC patients at different stages, and smoking can further disrupt the pancreatic microbiome and metabolism in PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced gut microbiota diversity in ulcerative colitis patients with latent tuberculosis infection during vedolizumab therapy: insights on prophylactic anti-tuberculosis effects.","authors":"Yibing Hu, Zhenping Wu, Xiaoyun Yang, Jin Ding, Qunying Wang, Hao Fang, Lujian Zhu, Minli Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03705-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03705-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in ulcerative colitis (UC) development. This study explores the impact of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) on the gut microbiota in UC and assesses changes during vedolizumab treatment, investigating prophylactic anti-tuberculosis therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This cohort study included adult patients with UC receiving vedolizumab treatment at Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University from April 2021 to December 2022. Patients were divided into LTBI (n = 24) and non-LTBI (n = 21) groups. Patients in the LTBI group were further subdivided into prophylactic (n = 13) and non-prophylactic (n = 11) groups. Clinical and fecal samples were collected pre- and post-vedolizumab treatment for the LTBI groups and pre-treatment for the non-LTBI group. The gut microbiota was analyzed using 16 S rRNA sequencing. Patients in the non-LTBI group exhibited higher diversity indices. Vedolizumab demonstrated efficacy in the LTBI group, with clinical response and remission rates of 83.3% and 75.0%, respectively. The gut microbiota diversity in the LTBI group increased post-vedolizumab treatment, and receiving prophylactic isoniazid showed no significant difference in vedolizumab treatment response compared to not receiving prophylactic isoniazid. Microbiota changes were similar between groups, with an increase in [Ruminococcus] expression after vedolizumab treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This cohort study, conducted at a single center, highlights that LTBI can reduce gut microbiota diversity among adult patient with UC. The observed efficacy of vedolizumab treatment in the LTBI group indicates a potential association with microbiota changes. However, mono-isoniazid exhibited limited impact, underscoring the potential of vedolizumab as a promising candidate for prophylactic anti-tuberculosis treatment in the context of UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"543"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Identification of one critical amino acid that determines a conformational neutralizing epitope in the capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2.","authors":"Li P Huang, Yue H Lu, Yan W Wei, Long J Guo, Chang M Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03734-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03734-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in MRSA treatment: the role of berberine in enhancing antibiotic therapy.","authors":"Fangfang Zhou, Xuemei Gu, Wei Wang, Ming Lin, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03692-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03692-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant public health problem. This study investigated the antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of berberine (BBR), a plant alkaloid, against MRSA, evaluating its potential to enhance antibiotic therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Berberine only demonstrated variable but significant inhibitory effects on 50 clinical MRSA strains. When combined with antibiotics, synergistic effects were observed only with amikacin in 6 of the 50 MRSA strains. BBR disrupted MRSA cell wall integrity, leading to leakage of cellular contents. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that BBR targets multiple pathways essential for bacterial survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed the potent antimicrobial activity of berberine against MRSA and its capability to act synergistically with traditional antibiotics. Berberine's impact on cell wall integrity and bacterial survival pathways highlights its potential as an adjunct therapy in MRSA treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella enterica in milk along the supply chain, humans, and the environment in Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia.","authors":"Seblewengel Ayichew, Ashagrie Zewdu, Bekele Megerrsa, Teshale Sori, Fanta D Gutema","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03689-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03689-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella enterica is a major cause of foodborne illness and mortality worldwide, but its presence in milk along the milk supply chain and associated public health risks are under-studied. This research was aimed to investigate the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella enterica in milk, milking environments, milkers' hands, and diarrheic patients in Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 644 samples from 106 dairy farms that include direct milk from cow, bulk tank milk, milkers' hand swabs, teat surfaces swabs, farm floors swabs, milk storage containers swabs, collectors' bulk milk, retailers' bulk milk, and stool from diarrheic patients. Salmonella enterica was isolated using standard microbiological methods (culture-based detection, serology and PCR), and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against 14 antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall occurrence of Salmonella enterica was 1.86% (12/644). The detection rate was 2.06% (7/339: 95% CI: 1.0-4.20) along the milk supply chain, 1.94% (2/103:95% CI: 0.53-6.81) in diarrheic outpatients and 1.49% (3/202: 95% CI: 0.51-4.27) in the milking environments. Relatively, higher contamination rate (6%, 3/50; 95% CI: 2.06-16.22) was observed in milk samples collected from milk collectors. The isolates exhibit higher resistance to clindamycin (100%), erythromycin (100%), vancomycin (100%), amoxicillin (100%), ceftazidime (100%), and ampicillin (75%). Of the isolates, 92%, 83% and 67% were susceptible to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and Trimethoprim, respectively. All the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings showed the occurrence of a considerable proportion of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella enterica across all sample sources, indicating potential transmission risks between cattle and humans via milk, and the milking environment. The alarming multidrug-resistant strains limit treatment options and complicate pathogen control. To prevent transmission and spread of antimicrobial resistant pathogen, proper hygiene practices, public education, and antimicrobial stewardship are essential. These measures will help ensure the safety of milk and dairy products. Further research on genetic relatedness among isolates, quantifying public health risks of milk consumption, and cost-effective intervention options is needed to reduce Salmonella-related morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which is more priority, substrate type or food quality? A case study on a tropical coral reef sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus revealed by prokaryotic biomarker.","authors":"Chunyang Sun, Yanan Wang, Chenghao Jia, Fei Gao, Yun Rong, Boxuan Feng, Kunzhi Yao, Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03670-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03670-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Different species of sea cucumbers in various regions have diverse preferred habitats and feeding habits. However, detailed research on the correlation between food selection and habitat preference of sea cucumbers, as well as their adaptive adjustments to specific habitat types, is still lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A field study was carried out to explore the relationship between food selection and habitat preference, as well as the adaptation process, of the tropical sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus, which has specific food preferences. This was achieved using an in situ mesocosm method with three single habitat types: sandy, broken coral branches, and reef. Changes is the prokaryotic community structure of gut contents, revealed by high-throughput sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, were used as the biomarker. Tax4Fun assessed the metabolic pathways of samples, and FAPROTAX evaluated the biogeochemical cycling processes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha diversity, PCoA, and UPGMA tree analyses consistently revealed that bacterial community structures in the gut contents of S. chloronotus in reef bottom cages (GRee) are closely related to those of wild S. chloronotus collected in September (GWS) and October (GWO) than those from the sandy bottom (GSan) and broken coral branches bottom (GBra) cages. The relative abundance of Ruegeria is one of the dominant genera in the control groups (GWS and GWO), while Synechococcus CC9902 is among the predominant genera in the treatment groups (GSan, GBra and GRee). Functional prediction outcomes from Tax4Fun and FAPROTAX also indicate that the metabolic pathways in the gut contents of the treatment groups are distinct from those of the control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with S. chloronotus in single habitat types, wild S. chloronotus showed stronger feeding selectivity and ingested actively larger proportion of Ruegeria sp. For this picky species, hard-substrate habitats that can keep it away from strong waves seem to be more important to than those with good sedimentary food. Inappropriate habitats without stable substrate for attachment may cause an unusual change in food preference of S. chloronotus. Tax4Fun and FAPROTAX functional annotation also confirmed that the adaptive adjustment of S. chloronotus can be completed within a month.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green-synthesized α-Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles as potent antibacterial, anti-biofilm and anti-virulence agent against pathogenic bacteria.","authors":"Harem Jamal Fatih, Morahem Ashengroph, Aram Sharifi, Musa Moetasam Zorab","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03699-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03699-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a serious threat to health, highlighting the urgent need for more effective antimicrobial agents with innovative mechanisms of action. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions by enabling the creation of nanoparticles (NPs) with antibacterial properties. This study aimed to explore the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-virulence effects of eco-friendly synthesized α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (α-Fe₂O₃-NPs) against pathogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The α-Fe₂O₃-NPs were synthesized using a green synthesis method that involved Bacillus sp. GMS10, with iron sulfate as a precursor. The NPs were characterized through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential Analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Their antimicrobial activity was assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The study also evaluated the effect of the α-Fe₂O₃-NPs on bacterial cell membrane disruption, biofilm formation, efflux pump inhibition, and swarming motility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The UV-Visible spectrum showed a peak at 228 nm, indicating plasmon absorbance of the α-Fe₂O₃-NPs. FESEM revealed spherical NPs (~ 30 nm), and DLS confirmed a hydrodynamic size of 36.3 nm with a zeta potential of -25.1 mV, indicating good stability. XRD identified the rhombohedral α-Fe₂O₃ phase, and FTIR detected O-H, C-H, C = O, and Fe-O functional groups, suggesting organic capping for stability. Antibacterial assays demonstrated that the α-Fe₂O₃-NPs had MIC values ranging from 0.625 to 5 µg/mL and MBC values between 5 and 20 µg/mL, with a strong effect against Gram-positive bacteria. The NPs significantly increased membrane permeability, inhibited biofilm formation in S. aureus and E. coli, and disrupted efflux pumps in S. aureus SA-1199B (a fluoroquinolone-resistant strain overexpressing norA). Additionally, the α-Fe₂O₃-NPs inhibited P. aeruginosa swarming motility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bacteria-synthesized α-Fe₂O₃-NPs demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, and exhibited strong potential for inhibiting biofilm formation and efflux pump activity, offering a promising strategy to address AMR. Focus on further evaluating their therapeutic potential in clinical settings and conducting comprehensive assessments of their safety profiles to ensure their applicability in medical treatments.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}