{"title":"Comunicación y religión: la comunicación a la luz del Tratado de historia de las religiones de Mircea Eliade","authors":"Mercedes Milagro Sarapura Sarapura","doi":"10.24265/cultura.2021.v35.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/cultura.2021.v35.06","url":null,"abstract":"Todos los quehaceres humanos tienen sentido en la medida en que están ligados a una realidad trascendente (Eliade, 2001), y a ello no es ajena la comunicación que, además de ser una de las características ontológicas del hombre, resulta la única vía que permite la experiencia religiosa entendida como una interacción con lo sagrado; y así como ocurría con el hombre primitivo, en la actualidad el principal drama del hombre posmoderno se sitúa, precisamente, en la ruptura con su dimensión religiosa. La contrastación analítica entre religión y comunicación a partir de los estudios de Mircea Eliade deja en claro cómo confluyen de manera admirable la comunicación y la religión, con la misma intensidad de dos olas que se abrazan en el horizonte de la existencia. El hombre es un ser religioso irrevocable en la medida en que tiene sed de comunicación, en cuyo ámbito sabe que encontrará su propia realización.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90151756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"El mensaje materialista de las ideologías del liberalismo, del socialismo y de la tecnología","authors":"Johan Leuridan Huys","doi":"10.24265/cultura.2021.v35.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/cultura.2021.v35.02","url":null,"abstract":"Analizamos las ideologías para demostrar que su raíz materialista está en el origen de muchos problemas en la sociedad. La economía –es decir, la producción y el consumo– define a la persona humana. El ser humano es un subproducto de la economía. Esta definición ofusca la conciencia que es la base de la ética y por lo tanto de la dignidad de la persona, porque la ciencia y la tecnología se dan siempre en relación con hombres libres cuyos encuentros tienen un significado cultural-ético. No podemos ser indiferentes a lo transcendente que no se puede verificar por experimentos o deducir de manera racional. La fe nos abre un horizonte distinto.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82376650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"God and Kant’s Suicide Maxim","authors":"Carlo Alvaro","doi":"10.3726/cul022021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul022021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Kant’s argument against suicide is widely dismissed by scholars and often avoided by teachers because it is deemed inconsistent with Kant’s moral philosophy. This paper attempts to show a way to make sense of Kant’s injunction against suicide that\u0000 is consistent with his moral system. One of the strategies adopted in order to accomplish my goal is a de-secularization of Kant’s ethics. I argue that all actions of self-killing (or suicide) are morally impermissible because they are inconsistent with God’s established nature\u0000 and order. It is argued that the existence of God as the locus of moral value and duty in Kant’s moral system, and not belief in God, can explain the consistency of Kant’s injunction against suicide. A synergistic view is offered, which rests on three arguments: First,\u0000 suicide goes against God’s authority. Second, suicide is inconsistent with our self-perpetuating nature. Third, suicide goes against the rational will.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85281197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cross-cultural Communication and Cultural Variation","authors":"Yina Cao","doi":"10.3726/cul012021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul012021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In \"Cross-cultural Communication and Cultural Variation\" Yina Cao discusses the concept of \"cultural variation\" (Cao Shunqing) as an extension of the discipline of comparative literature. She argues that the concept of cultural variation explains\u0000 many problems in the field of cross-cultural communication while it can also provide a unique research perspective for the phenomenon of cultural integration. By summarizing and sorting out the problems which need to be solved in \"cultural variation\" and the core cases of cultural\u0000 variation (e.g., \"journey to the West\"), Cao discusses the phenomenon of aphasia in the process of cultural foreignization, cultural transmission, and cultural variation and attempts to imagine a new approach in scholarship in order to explore new theoretical tools for the\u0000 future of the discipline of comparative literature with the use of Cao’s variation theory.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88094232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peripheralities: \"Minor\" Literatures, Women’s Literature, and Adrienne Orosz de Csicser’s Novels","authors":"Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek","doi":"10.3726/cul012021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul012021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In \"Peripheralities: 'Minor' Literatures, Women’s Literature, and Adrienne Orosz de Csicser’s Novels\" Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek discusses events surrounding Adrienne Orosz de Csicser’s (1878-1934) work. For the contextualization\u0000 of the events Tötösy de Zepetnek employs his own framework of \"comparative cultural studies\" here applied to \"minor literatures\" (i.e., peripheral) and women’s literature and Shunqing Cao’s \"variation theory.\" While Orosz’s novels are\u0000 not considered exceptional, the author achieved notoriety after locked up in a mental institution. In addition to three published novels, in an unpublished novel (excerpts of which she read at various literary and social gatherings) Orosz narrates her love affair with a Roman Catholic bishop.\u0000 Knowledge about her novel’s contents resulted in the bishop orchestrating Orosz’s commitment to a mental hospital. The context in which Orosz’s texts are located in is the socio-political situation in Hungarian society prior to and shortly after the First World War.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76285517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mirrors, Selfies, and Alephs: A Semiotics of Immobility Travelogues","authors":"M. Leone","doi":"10.3726/cul022021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul022021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The article focuses on past epidemics and previous confinements, looking for the art of journeying through immobility. It rekindles the plague that ravaged the city of Turin in the 1630s, as well as Xavier de Maistre who, confined in the military citadel in 1790,\u0000 wrote the Voyage autour de ma chambre, perhaps the first example of modern ‘anodeporics’, a neologism to designate immobility travelogues. The essay then explores other pandemics and subsequent attempts at imitating De Maistre. First, it concentrates on Wilkie Collins, the\u0000 author of the 1852 short story “A Terribly Strange Bed”, who remained stranded with his father William, the painter, at the frontier of the Kingdom of Piedmont because of the cholera that broke out there in 1836. Second, it bears on Almeida Garrett, who resisted the siege of typhus-struck\u0000 Oporto in 1832-3 and, ten years later, penned another classic of ‘anodeporics’, Viagens na minha terra, also inspired by De Maistre. After consideration, from the perspective of semiotics, of what is needed to “journeying throughout immobility”, the essay ends\u0000 with a study of the most famous anodeporic tale in world literature, also containing ironic quotes by De Maistre: Jorge Luis Borges’ El Aleph, named after a fictional device for mystical travel confined in a basement of 1940s Buenos Aires. The conclusion of this semiotic exploration\u0000 through pandemics, lockdowns, and immobility travelogues is simple: in case of forced immobility, the practice of exploring space through time can be replaced by the alternative practice of exploring time through space.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74479288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Arcanum of Life – On Hegel’s Idea of Life","authors":"Guanyu Guo","doi":"10.3726/cul022021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul022021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper investigates Hegel’s idea of life, which is on the one hand significant to the research of the dynamic structure of Hegelian absolute idea and on the other hand provides a relevant philosophical foundation for our current exploration of life. In\u0000 this paper, the research on the idea of life is mainly based on Hegel’s Science of Logic and is divided into two parts, namely an argumentative reconstruction of the moments of the life-idea and an interpretation of its role in the inner-logical process of the idea itself. Through\u0000 the study of these two dimensions, this paper shows that the complex logical structure of the life-idea is, as claimed by Hegel, in its forming activity, in its negative unity, the only one unified process and plays four relevant roles in the inner-logical construction of the idea itself,\u0000 namely in the core concept of Hegel.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84344250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formations of World Literature(s) and Shaw’s The Man of Destiny in Chinese and Japanese Translation","authors":"Shunqing Cao, Xin Chen","doi":"10.3726/cul012021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul012021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In \"Formations of World Literature(s) and Shaw’s The Man of Destiny in Chinese and Japanese Translation\" Shunqing Cao and Xin Chen expand Franco Moretti’s dictum that \"world literature is not an object, it’s a problem\"\u0000 to elaborate that the concept of world literature(s) is in some sense a problematic one, which is itself under a process of problematization. Cao and Chen discuss how variation and heterogeneity contribute to a more in-depth understanding of formations of world literature(s). Taking the Bernar\u0000 Shaw’s The Man of Destiny they discuss the writer’s presence in world literature from a bi-lateral perspective: Shaw’s work in the Englishspeaking West and Shaw in Asia. For the former, Shaw stands in a specific place in recent postcolonial Irish Studies and thus raise\u0000 problems for their research paradigm. For the latter, Cao and Chen present an analytical comparison between a Chinese and a Japanese translation of The Man of Destiny. Cao and Chen argue that by such a bilateral approach we may recognize the importance of heterogeneity so as to obtain\u0000 further reflections on present discussions of world literature(s).","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90351902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semiotic Construction in Promoting Intercultural Communication: A Tiba Meka Rite of Manggarai, Indonesia","authors":"S. Menggo, S. Ndiung, Pius Pandor","doi":"10.3726/cul022021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul022021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Semiotic construction has an enormous influence on the latest studies in promoting intercultural communication. Understanding all symbols of traditional rites and fostering mutual respect, compassion, sympathy and empathy for other cultures is understood as a new\u0000 angle. Moreover, semiotic construction is a contact tool for cultural qualities. This research aims to explore and reveal the multicultural values that are contained in the Tiba Meka rite. The analysis examines 50 custom spokespersons over the period of February to December 2019 and\u0000 uses interviews, stationery collection, field notes and audio-visual recordings. Three research results concerning the Tiba Meka rite were found. First, semiotic meanings used in Tiba Meka rites are semiotic expressions that invite national or international outsiders, government\u0000 guests, religious leaders and community leaders. Second, the philosophy relates to the theory, personality and morality of economics behind semiotic spoken words. This philosophy is influenced by the following main philosophies: pragmatism and indoctrism. Third, the Tiba Meka rite’s\u0000 multicultural values include respect, gender, politics, solidarity, faith, tolerance, political, social, economic, authority and familiarity, and these values promote intercultural communication. The six steps used by the Manggarai people to welcome outsiders include these concepts.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86739695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Art State, Art Activism and Expanded Concept of Art","authors":"Janez Strehovec","doi":"10.3726/cul022021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/cul022021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Contemporary post-aesthetic art implies an expanded concept of the work of art that also includes political functions. Beuys’s concept of social sculpture and Marcuse’s idea of society as a work of art can be complemented by Abreu’s project of\u0000 a musical orchestra as a social ideal (the Venezuelan example of the music and education project El Sistema) and the Neue Slowenische Kunst transnational state formed from the core of art. These concepts are close to the views of Hakim Bey (Temporary Autonomous Zone), with D’Annunzio\u0000 also touching upon them with his State of Fiume (1919–1920), for which he wrote the constitution and defined music as its central governing principle. Although the art state is a utopian project, art can serve a variety of emancipatory functions even in the dystopian present to intervene\u0000 in and change the political. In this article, we also discuss the case of art activism in Slovenia, where culture (with many engaged artists) has become a central part of civil society oriented towards social change. Art activism contributes to an expanded concept of the political, which includes\u0000 new subjects and new forms of antagonisms. Likewise, such repurposing of art emphasises its role in research.","PeriodicalId":92192,"journal":{"name":"Cultura (Iasi, Romania)","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89282404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}