Biology Open最新文献_第2页

Concrete consequences: construction on prime honey bee habitat doubles foraging distances. 具体后果：在蜜蜂主要栖息地的建筑使觅食距离加倍。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061807

Robert B J Ostrom, Margaret J Couvillon, Bradley D Ohlinger, Roger Schürch

引用次数: 0

Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the activity, survival, and growth of the critically endangered northern corroboree frog. 紫外线辐射对极度濒危的北方长尾蛙的活动、生存和生长的影响。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061827

Michael S McFadden, Aimee J Silla, Shannon R Kelleher, Phillip G Byrne

{"title":"Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the activity, survival, and growth of the critically endangered northern corroboree frog.","authors":"Michael S McFadden, Aimee J Silla, Shannon R Kelleher, Phillip G Byrne","doi":"10.1242/bio.061827","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061827","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to have lethal and sublethal impacts on amphibians, yet effects on anuran growth, development and behaviour remain understudied. As the global amphibian extinction crisis worsens, and more species enter conservation breeding programs (CBPs), there is a growing need to understand interrelationships between UVR exposure, growth, and UVR avoidance behaviour. Here, we investigate the effect of ecologically appropriate UVR levels on post-metamorphic growth and activity in the critically endangered northern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi). UVR was provided at one of two levels (lower UVI, ∼0.2 and higher UVI, ∼0.75), for a period of 16 weeks, spanning the first growth phase before hibernation. Daily activity was significantly lower in frogs reared under the higher UVR treatment (mean±s.e.m=26.339%±0.757) compared to those receiving the lower UVR treatment (mean±s.e.m=35.660%±0.837). Despite these differences, there was no significant difference between treatment groups in survival or growth. These findings indicate that northern corroboree frogs may have the capacity to adjust their behaviour in response to UVR and suggest that behavioural plasticity might mitigate potential negative impacts of UVR exposure. We discuss the value of this knowledge for amphibian CBPs.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reorganization of the heterochromatin-associated gene-dense subcompartment in early neuronal development. 异染色质相关基因密集亚室在早期神经元发育中的重组。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1242/bio.062005

Nicolas J Scrutton Alvarado, Ziyu Zhao, Tomoko Yamada, Yue Yang

{"title":"Reorganization of the heterochromatin-associated gene-dense subcompartment in early neuronal development.","authors":"Nicolas J Scrutton Alvarado, Ziyu Zhao, Tomoko Yamada, Yue Yang","doi":"10.1242/bio.062005","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.062005","url":null,"abstract":"The 3D organization of the genome has emerged as an important regulator of cellular development. Post-mitotic neurons undergo conserved changes in genome organization, such as the inward radial repositioning of heterochromatin-rich chromosomes as they differentiate. Additionally, transcriptionally active but heterochromatin-associated gene-dense (hGD) regions significantly strengthen their long-distance interactions during cerebellar development. However, the specific developmental stages during which these nuclear changes take place have remained poorly defined. Here, we report that hGD regions relocalize toward the nuclear interior and strengthen their chromosomal interactions as immature granule neurons transition from active cell migration to subsequent stages of neuronal differentiation. During this period, hGD genomic regions are coordinately repositioned in the nucleus alongside their physically tethered heterochromatic chromocenters. Despite these major changes in nuclear organization, the hGD subcompartment remains distinct from other transcriptionally active or repressive nuclear bodies, including heterochromatic chromocenters, throughout development. Notably, these nuclear changes appear to be independent of transcriptional changes that occur during granule neuron differentiation. Together, our results provide insights into the developmental timing of structural changes in the chromosomes of post-mitotic neurons.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic exposure to nicotine in diet enhances the lethal effect of an entomopathogenic fungus in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. 长期暴露于饮食中的尼古丁增强了昆虫病原真菌对蚂蚁心髁突的致死作用。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061928

Jason Rissanen, Dalial Freitak

{"title":"Chronic exposure to nicotine in diet enhances the lethal effect of an entomopathogenic fungus in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior.","authors":"Jason Rissanen, Dalial Freitak","doi":"10.1242/bio.061928","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061928","url":null,"abstract":"Nicotine is a naturally occurring alkaloid that has acute toxic effects for insects and affects their behaviour even in sublethal amounts. In addition, nicotine is shown to accumulate and pollute environments through the use of commercially produced pesticides and tobacco products. We investigated how nicotine-polluted diets in two different concentrations impacted colony fitness in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior, compared to a nicotine-free diet. We measured brood production and development, changes in relative abundances of bacterial endosymbionts, and worker survival in combination with a fungal pathogen. Chronic exposure to nicotine caused a concentration-dependent effect in enhancing the lethality of the fungal infection, with higher concentrations causing higher mortality in infected colonies. In the absence of pathogens, nicotine had no effect on worker survival. Furthermore, nicotine did not affect brood production or development, nor clearly affect the abundances of the bacterial endosymbionts. Our results show that nicotine pollution in the environment can negatively affect ant fitness through synergistic effects in combination with a fungal pathogen. Pathogens play a significant part in the decline of insects, and the influence that nicotine pollution may have in exacerbating them should receive more attention.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Open and closed economies as possible alternative strategies to resource heterogeneity in ants. 开放和封闭经济作为蚂蚁资源异质性的可能替代策略。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061976

Kazuki Tsuji, Aye T Win

{"title":"Open and closed economies as possible alternative strategies to resource heterogeneity in ants.","authors":"Kazuki Tsuji, Aye T Win","doi":"10.1242/bio.061976","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061976","url":null,"abstract":"Ant colonies have either a single nest (monodomy) or multiple nests (polydomy). A challenge is to explain their adaptive significance, specifying costs and benefits of each colony type. An explanation for ant polydomy is adaptation to spatially heterogeneous environments. With polydomy a colony can exchange complementary nutrition among nests within the entire colony occupying a wide territory. We tested this resource redistribution hypothesis using two closely related species, i.e. the polydomous ant Pheidole megacephala and the monodomous ant Pheidole noda. We put each colony in an artificially polydomous setting with two nests connected by tubes. We provided liquid food lacking protein to one nest and that lacking carbohydrates to the other nest. P. megacephala almost totally failed to produce brood when the connecting tubes were clipped, whereas it improved reproductive performance when the tubes were open. In marked contrast, P. noda managed to maintain high performance for a long period even when only nutritionally biased food was provided, most likely by relying on stored provisions that compensated for the missing nutrients. Based on these data, we propose the hypothesis that ant polydomy is an open economic strategy to counter heterogeneity in resource distribution 'spatially' by trading between nests and extending the resource searching area, whereas monodomy may be a closed economic strategy to cope with resource heterogeneity 'temporally' by withstanding food-depressed periods with stored nutrition and by efficient utilization of frugal diets. More empirical data in other ant taxa are necessary to test generality of this idea.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Muscle forces and the demands of turning while walking. 肌肉力量和行走时转身的要求。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061883

Steven G Lautzenheiser, Patricia Ann Kramer

引用次数: 0

Persistent enteric neuroinflammation chronically impairs colonic motility in a pyridostigmine bromide-induced mouse model of Gulf War Illness. 在吡哆斯的明溴诱导的海湾战争病小鼠模型中，持续的肠道神经炎症慢性损害结肠运动。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061867

Claudia A Collier, Aelita Salikhova, Sufiyan Sabir, Shreya A Raghavan

{"title":"Persistent enteric neuroinflammation chronically impairs colonic motility in a pyridostigmine bromide-induced mouse model of Gulf War Illness.","authors":"Claudia A Collier, Aelita Salikhova, Sufiyan Sabir, Shreya A Raghavan","doi":"10.1242/bio.061867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061867","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroplasticity in the adult colon enables the enteric nervous system (ENS) to adaptively remodel in response to acute inflammation, preserving motility. However, chronic inflammation may drive maladaptive neuroplasticity, resulting in gastrointestinal dysmotility-a hallmark of functional gastrointestinal disorders, including Gulf War Illness (GWI). GWI affects ∼30% of Gulf War veterans and has been linked to oral toxic exposures during combat, such as pyridostigmine bromide (PB). To explore mechanisms of persistent dysmotility, we developed a PB exposure model relevant to GWI. In the colon, we observed structural and functional ENS changes, including an imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory motor neurons and altered motility patterns. These were accompanied by a sustained influx of pro-inflammatory macrophages and elevated cytokine levels, indicating persistent low-grade enteric neuroinflammation. Inflammatory macrophages were found near enteric neural stem cells (ENSCs), impairing their regenerative potential. Transcriptomic analyses corroborated the presence of chronic neuroinflammation and dysregulated repair pathways. Together, our findings suggest that persistent enteric neuroinflammation and impaired neurogenesis contribute to long-term colonic dysmotility in GWI. This model offers new insights into chronic ENS dysfunction and may guide therapeutic strategies for GWI and related disorders.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethanol down-regulates gastrula gene expression and cell movement, causing symptoms of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders. 乙醇下调原肠胚基因表达和细胞运动，引起胎儿酒精谱系障碍症状。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061777

Amena Ali Alsakran, Bethany Gibson, Hoi Ying Wong, Caitlin Heaton, Rebekah Boreham, Rashid Minhas, Jonathan Ball, Tetsuhiro Kudoh

{"title":"Ethanol down-regulates gastrula gene expression and cell movement, causing symptoms of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders.","authors":"Amena Ali Alsakran, Bethany Gibson, Hoi Ying Wong, Caitlin Heaton, Rebekah Boreham, Rashid Minhas, Jonathan Ball, Tetsuhiro Kudoh","doi":"10.1242/bio.061777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061777","url":null,"abstract":"Foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) occur in embryos when they are exposed to maternally supplied alcohol. To study the mechanisms of FASDs, the zebrafish embryo can serve as an excellent model as ethanol exposed zebrafish embryos exhibit common symptoms of human FASDs including microcephaly, incomplete neural plate closure, eye defects, craniofacial disorders and many other defects. Here we investigated the embryo development at gastrula stage when three germ layers develop with specific gene expressions and undergo dynamic cell movement including extension, convergence and epiboly, establishing the platform to form the head and body axis in the later development. Gastrula cell movement analyses using fluorescent transgenic zebrafish embryos revealed that ethanol induced dose dependent delay of extension, convergence and epiboly cell movement and associated gene expressions in all three germ layers. Our results suggest multiple targets of ethanol including gene expression and cell movement, consequently delay the key gene expression and cell localisation, causing irreversible developmental defects in the head and body axis formation.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elliptical Fourier analysis of hominoid radius shape: Implications for Ardipithecus ramidus. 类人猿半径形状的椭圆傅立叶分析：对地猿分支的启示。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061938

Isabella Araiza

{"title":"Elliptical Fourier analysis of hominoid radius shape: Implications for Ardipithecus ramidus.","authors":"Isabella Araiza","doi":"10.1242/bio.061938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061938","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of bipedalism in the hominin lineage remains a controversial topic. The recovery of skeletal material from Aramis, the Middle Awash Project study area in Aramis, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia has the potential to help us understand the transition to terrestrial bipedalism. The 4.4-million-year-old hominin Ardipithecus ramidus (ARA-VP-6/500) is represented by a relatively complete skeleton, including a complete radius. Its describers argued that it lacked features associated with suspensory behaviors, vertical climbing, and knuckle-walking. To test this hypothesis, I collected a comparative sample of radii comprising of Homo sapiens (n=27), six species of extant apes (n=96), two species of cercopithecoids (n=31), and two fossil hominins, and quantified whole bone shape using elliptical Fourier analysis (EFA). Dorsal radial morphology effectively partitions taxa by size and locomotion. The radii of knuckle-walking chimpanzees, and particularly gorillas, retain robust epiphyses and high degrees of lateral curvature, in contrast to other species. The robusticity and unique, directional curvature observed in the African ape radius may be related to knuckle-walking. The radius of ARA-VP-6/500 exhibits distinct characteristics among hominins, falling exclusively within gorilla morphospace. Although A. ramidus postcrania were proposed to lack features indicative of an ancestry involving knuckle-walking, vertical climbing, and suspensory behavior, this study instead contributes to growing lines of evidence suggesting that humans likely evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental short-term heatwaves negatively impact body weight gain and survival during larval development in Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). 实验性短期热浪对地蜂幼虫发育过程中体重增加和存活率有负面影响。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061781

Laura Wögler, Christoph Kurze

{"title":"Experimental short-term heatwaves negatively impact body weight gain and survival during larval development in Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae).","authors":"Laura Wögler, Christoph Kurze","doi":"10.1242/bio.061781","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061781","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change-induced heatwaves threaten global biodiversity, including crucial pollinators like bumblebees. In particular, the increasing frequency, duration and intensity of heatwaves is alarming. Despite these projections, little is known about the effects of short-term heatwaves on insect larval development. Hence, we investigated the impact of simulated heatwaves on the development of 4th instar larvae (L4) of Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) using an in vitro rearing method. Individual larvae were incubated at 37°C and 38°C for a period of 4 days, with a constant rearing temperature of 34°C as the control. We examined body weight gain, developmental duration, survival to adult stage, and adult body size (i.e. dry mass, intertegular distance, and head width). A simulated heatwave of 37°C did not significantly affect larval development, but 38°C impaired larval body mass gain. While developmental duration and adult body size were unaffected, an acute heat stress of 38°C during the L4 stage reduced the probability of pupae reaching adulthood. These findings highlight the potential for heatwaves to negatively affect bee populations by impairing larval growth and reducing survival to the adult stage, which may have severe implications for colony fitness.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0