Biology Open最新文献

Air-liquid interface culture combined with differentiation factors reproducing intestinal cell structure formation in vitro. 气液界面培养联合分化因子体外再生肠细胞结构的研究。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061612

Isamu Ogawa, Takaaki Nakai, Takahiro Iwao, Tamihide Matsunaga

{"title":"Air-liquid interface culture combined with differentiation factors reproducing intestinal cell structure formation in vitro.","authors":"Isamu Ogawa, Takaaki Nakai, Takahiro Iwao, Tamihide Matsunaga","doi":"10.1242/bio.061612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061612","url":null,"abstract":"Reproducing intestinal cells in vitro is important in pharmaceutical research and drug development. Caco-2 cells and human iPS cell-derived intestinal epithelial cells are widely used, but few evaluation systems can mimic the complex crypt-villus-like structure. We attempted to generate intestinal cells mimicking the three-dimensional structure from human iPS cells. After inducing the differentiation of iPS cells into intestinal organoids, these were dispersed into single cells and cultured two-dimensionally. An air-liquid interface culture was used, with CHIR99021, forskolin, and A-83-01 used as key compounds. Long-term culture was also performed by adding Wnt3a, Noggin, and RSPO1, which are frequently used in organoid culture. The air-liquid interface culture combined several compounds that successfully induced the formation of a crypt-villus-like structure, which grew rapidly at around day 6. The expression of pharmacokinetic genes such as CYP3A4 was also enhanced. The intestinal stem cells were efficiently maintained by the addition of Wnt3a, Noggin, and RSPO1. We were able to construct a crypt-villus-like structure on cell culture inserts, which is considered a very simple culture platform. This structure had characteristics extremely similar to living intestinal tissues and may have a superior homeostatic mechanism.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene expression and DNA methylation changes in response to hypoxia in toxicant-adapted Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). 适应毒物的大西洋鳉鱼（Fundulus heteroclitus）基因表达和DNA甲基化变化对缺氧的响应。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061801

Neelakanteswar Aluru, Yaamini R Venkataraman, Christopher S Murray, Veronica DePascuale

{"title":"Gene expression and DNA methylation changes in response to hypoxia in toxicant-adapted Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus).","authors":"Neelakanteswar Aluru, Yaamini R Venkataraman, Christopher S Murray, Veronica DePascuale","doi":"10.1242/bio.061801","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061801","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal fish populations are threatened by multiple anthropogenic impacts, including the accumulation of industrial contaminants and the increasing frequency of hypoxia. Some populations of the Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus), like those in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), Massachusetts, USA, have evolved a resistance to dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that may influence their ability to cope with secondary stressors. To address this question, we compared hepatic gene expression and DNA methylation patterns in response to mild or severe hypoxia in killifish from NBH and Scorton Creek (SC), a reference population from a relatively pristine environment. We hypothesized that NBH fish would show altered responses to hypoxia due to trade-offs linked to toxicant resistance. Our results revealed substantial differences between populations. SC fish demonstrated dose-dependent changes in gene expression in response to hypoxia, while NBH fish exhibited a muted transcriptional response to severe hypoxia. Interestingly, NBH fish showed significant DNA methylation changes in response to hypoxia, while SC fish did not exhibit notable epigenetic alterations. These findings suggest that toxicant-adapted killifish may face trade-offs in their molecular response to environmental stress, potentially impacting their ability to survive severe hypoxia in coastal habitats. Further research is needed to elucidate the functional implications of these epigenetic modifications and their role in adaptive stress responses.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Company of Biologists: celebrating 100 years. 生物学家公司：庆祝100周年。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061842

Sarah J Bray, Stephen J Royle, Holly A Shiels, Daniel St Johnston

引用次数: 0

α-catenin phosphorylation is elevated during mitosis to resist apical rounding and epithelial barrier leak. α-连环蛋白磷酸化在有丝分裂过程中升高，以抵抗顶圆和上皮屏障泄漏。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061726

Phuong M Le, Jeanne M Quinn, Annette S Flozak, Adam W T Steffeck, Che-Fan Huang, Cara J Gottardi

{"title":"α-catenin phosphorylation is elevated during mitosis to resist apical rounding and epithelial barrier leak.","authors":"Phuong M Le, Jeanne M Quinn, Annette S Flozak, Adam W T Steffeck, Che-Fan Huang, Cara J Gottardi","doi":"10.1242/bio.061726","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061726","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelial cell cohesion and barrier function critically depend on α-catenin, an actin-binding protein and essential constituent of cadherin-catenin-based adherens junctions. α-catenin undergoes actomyosin force-dependent unfolding of both actin-binding and middle domains to strongly engage actin filaments and its various effectors; this mechanosensitivity is critical for adherens junction function. We previously showed that α-catenin is highly phosphorylated in an unstructured region that links the mechanosensitive middle and actin-binding domains (known as the P-linker region), but the cellular processes that promote α-catenin phosphorylation have remained elusive. Here, we leverage a previously published phospho-proteomic data set to show that the α-catenin P-linker region is maximally phosphorylated during mitosis. By reconstituting α-catenin CRISPR knockout MDCK cells with wild-type, phospho-mutant and phospho-mimic forms of α-catenin, we show that full phosphorylation restrains mitotic cell rounding in the apical direction, strengthening the interactions between dividing and non-dividing neighbors to limit epithelial barrier leak. As the major scaffold components of adherens junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes are also differentially phosphorylated during mitosis, we reason that epithelial cell division may be a tractable system to understand how junction complexes are coordinately regulated to sustain barrier function under tension-generating morphogenetic processes.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142944871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retraction: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA SBF2-AS1 promotes cell progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by repressing miR-494 to up-regulate PFN2 expression. 长非编码 RNA SBF2-AS1 的过表达会抑制 miR-494 上调 PFN2 的表达，从而促进食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）的细胞进展。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1242/bio.048793

Qiu Zhang, Xixiang Pan, Dongyang You

引用次数: 0

Microbiome transplants may not improve health and longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. 微生物组移植可能不会改善黑腹果蝇的健康和寿命。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061745

Benjamin H Levine, Jessica M Hoffman

{"title":"Microbiome transplants may not improve health and longevity in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Benjamin H Levine, Jessica M Hoffman","doi":"10.1242/bio.061745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061745","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiome, which is composed of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and is involved in multiple essential physiological processes, changes measurably as a person ages, and can be associated with negative health outcomes. Microbiome transplants have been proposed as a method to improve gut function and reduce or reverse multiple disorders, including age-related diseases. Here, we take advantage of the laboratory model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, to test the effects of transplanting the microbiome of a young fly into middle-aged flies, across multiple genetic backgrounds and both sexes, to test whether age-related lifespan could be increased, and late-life physical health declines mitigated. Our results suggest that, overall, microbiome transplants do not improve longevity and may even be detrimental in flies, and the health effects of microbiome transplants were minor, but sex- and genotype-dependent. This discovery supports previous evidence that axenic flies, those with no gut microbiome, live healthier and longer lives than their non-axenic counterparts. The results of this study suggest that, at least for fruit flies, microbiome transplants may not be a viable intervention to improve health and longevity, though more research is still warranted.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chromosome number alterations cause apoptosis and cellular hypertrophy in induced pluripotent stem cell models of embryonic epiblast cells.

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061814

Althea Stella Anil Martis, Loshini Soundararajan, Pallavi Shetty, Syed Moin, Tejashree Vanje, Yogeshwaran Jai Sankar, Shagufta Parveen

{"title":"Chromosome number alterations cause apoptosis and cellular hypertrophy in induced pluripotent stem cell models of embryonic epiblast cells.","authors":"Althea Stella Anil Martis, Loshini Soundararajan, Pallavi Shetty, Syed Moin, Tejashree Vanje, Yogeshwaran Jai Sankar, Shagufta Parveen","doi":"10.1242/bio.061814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.061814","url":null,"abstract":"Chromosomal aneuploidies are a major cause of developmental failure and pregnancy loss. To investigate the possible consequences of aneuploidy on early embryonic development in vitro, we focused on primed pluripotent stem cells that are relatable to the epiblast of post-implantation embryos in vivo. We used human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as an epiblast model and altered chromosome numbers by treating with reversine, a small-molecule inhibitor of monopolar spindle 1 kinase (MSP1) that inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint, which has been strongly implicated in chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy generation. Upon reversine treatment, we obtained cells with varied chromosomal content that retained pluripotency and potential to differentiate into cells of three germ lineages. However, these cells displayed lagging chromosomes, increased micronuclei content, high p53 expression and excessive apoptotic activity. Cell proliferation was not affected. Prolonged in vitro culture of these cells resulted in a selective pool of cells with supernumerary chromosomes, which exhibited cellular hypertrophy, enlarged nuclei, and overproduction of total RNAs and proteins. We conclude that increased DNA damage responses, apoptosis, and improper cellular mass and functions are possible mechanisms that contribute to abnormal epiblast development.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The fission yeast SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase Slx8 functionally associates with clustered centromeres and the silent mating-type region at the nuclear periphery. 裂变酵母sumo靶向的泛素连接酶Slx8与聚集的着丝粒和核周围的沉默交配型区域有功能关联。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061746

Shrena Chakraborty, Joanna Strachan, Kamila Schirmeisen, Laetitia Besse, Eve Mercier, Karine Fréon, Haidao Zhang, Ning Zhao, Elizabeth H Bayne, Sarah A E Lambert

{"title":"The fission yeast SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase Slx8 functionally associates with clustered centromeres and the silent mating-type region at the nuclear periphery.","authors":"Shrena Chakraborty, Joanna Strachan, Kamila Schirmeisen, Laetitia Besse, Eve Mercier, Karine Fréon, Haidao Zhang, Ning Zhao, Elizabeth H Bayne, Sarah A E Lambert","doi":"10.1242/bio.061746","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.061746","url":null,"abstract":"The SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) family is involved in multiple cellular processes via a wide range of mechanisms to maintain genome stability. One of the evolutionarily conserved functions of STUbL is to promote changes in the nuclear positioning of DNA lesions, targeting them to the nuclear periphery. In Schizossacharomyces pombe, the STUbL Slx8 is a regulator of SUMOylated proteins and promotes replication stress tolerance by counteracting the toxicity of SUMO conjugates. In order to study the dynamic dialectic between ubiquitinylation and SUMOylation in the nuclear space of the S. pombe genome, we analyzed Slx8 localization. Unexpectedly, we did not detect replication stress-induced Slx8 foci. However, we discovered that Slx8 forms a single nuclear focus, enriched at the nuclear periphery, which marks both clustered centromeres at the spindle pole body and the silent mating-type region. The formation of this single Slx8 focus requires the E3 SUMO ligase Pli1, poly-SUMOylation and the histone methyl transferase Clr4 that is responsible for the heterochromatin histone mark H3-K9 methylation. Finally, we established that Slx8 promotes centromere clustering and gene silencing at heterochromatin domains. Altogether, our data highlight evolutionarily conserved and functional relationships between STUbL and heterochromatin domains to promote gene silencing and nuclear organization.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142944836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging models of human and non-human primate placental development - Centre for Trophoblast Research 17th annual meeting 2024. 人类和非人灵长类胎盘发育的新兴模型 - 滋养细胞研究中心第 17 届年会 2024。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1242/bio.061774

Irving L M H Aye

引用次数: 0

Disrupting the interaction between AMBRA1 and DLC1 prevents apoptosis while enhancing autophagy and mitophagy. 破坏 AMBRA1 和 DLC1 之间的相互作用可防止细胞凋亡，同时增强自噬和有丝分裂。

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Biology Open Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060380

Kate Hawkins, Meg Watt, Sébastien Gillotin, Maya Hanspal, Martin Helley, Jill Richardson, Nicola Corbett, Janet Brownlees

{"title":"Disrupting the interaction between AMBRA1 and DLC1 prevents apoptosis while enhancing autophagy and mitophagy.","authors":"Kate Hawkins, Meg Watt, Sébastien Gillotin, Maya Hanspal, Martin Helley, Jill Richardson, Nicola Corbett, Janet Brownlees","doi":"10.1242/bio.060380","DOIUrl":"10.1242/bio.060380","url":null,"abstract":"AMBRA1 has critical roles in autophagy, mitophagy, cell cycle regulation, neurogenesis and apoptosis. Dysregulation of these processes are hallmarks of various neurodegenerative diseases and therefore AMBRA1 represents a potential therapeutic target. The flexibility of its intrinsically disordered regions allows AMBRA1 to undergo conformational changes and thus to perform its function as an adaptor protein for various different complexes. Understanding the relevance of these multiple protein-protein interactions will allow us to gain information about which to target pharmacologically. To compare potential AMBRA1 activation strategies, we have designed and validated several previously described mutant constructs in addition to characterising their effects on proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and mitophagy in SHSY5Y cells. AMBRA1TAT, which is a mutant form of AMBRA1 that cannot interact with DLC1 at the microtubules, produced the most promising results. Overexpression of this mutant protected cells against apoptosis and induced autophagy/mitophagy in SHSY5Y cells in addition to enhancing the switch from quiescence to proliferation in mouse neural stem cells. Future studies should focus on designing compounds that inhibit the protein-protein interaction between AMBRA1/DLC1 and thus have potential to be used as a drug strategy for neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":9216,"journal":{"name":"Biology Open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0