Journal of mosquito research最新文献_第3页

Pupicidal Activity of Ethanol and Water Extracts of Phytolacca dodecandra (L’ Herit) on Anopheles gambiae (Diptera Culicidae) Pupae 商陆乙醇和水提取物对冈比亚按蚊（Diptera Culicidae）蛹的杀虫活性

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0013

J. Yugi, J. J. Kiplimo, Christopher O. Misire

{"title":"Pupicidal Activity of Ethanol and Water Extracts of Phytolacca dodecandra (L’ Herit) on Anopheles gambiae (Diptera Culicidae) Pupae","authors":"J. Yugi, J. J. Kiplimo, Christopher O. Misire","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Pupae are an integral part of Anopheles gambiae life history and a tool that effectively targets them is likely to impact on malaria vector density. In this study we evaluated pupicidal activities of crude ethanol and water extracts of Phytolacca dodecandra (L’ Herit) on An. gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) under laboratory condition. Individual early pupae of An. gambiae mosquitoes were exposed to concentrations of 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 mgs/100 ml of mature green fruits and leaves of the shoot and midsection of P. dodecandra in containers measuring 6 cm top × 5.7 cm bottom × 3.5 cm height. P. dodecandra was sourced from Eldoret (highland) and Nyando (lowland). Extraction of P. dodecandra bioactives was done using 80% ethanol and distilled water. Extracts of Neem leaves and untreated rain water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. WHO, 2005 mortality threshold of >80% was used to determine the effectiveness of the extracts as pupicide 24 hours post exposure. Mortality of exposed pupae was dose dependent. Concentrations of 20 mgs/100 mls and higher and 40 mgs/ 100mls of mature green fruits from Nyando and Eldoret met the mortality threshold respectively. Extracts of P. dodecandra from Nyando was more potent than that from Eldoret as was water compared to ethanol extracts. Positive (Neem) control killed < 80% of exposed pupae. It was concluded that crude extracts of P. dodecandra are potent as pupicide against An. gambiae mosquitoes and is a likely alternative to synthetic insecticides against An. gambiae in future.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46915543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Larvicidal Efficacy of Cleistanthus patulus Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) Leaf Extract against Filarial Vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Say 1823) 青藤的杀幼虫效果。参数。(大戟科)叶提取物抗致倦库蚊(1823年)

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0012

G. Chandra, J. K. Pal, Aniket Singh

{"title":"Larvicidal Efficacy of Cleistanthus patulus Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) Leaf Extract against Filarial Vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Say 1823)","authors":"G. Chandra, J. K. Pal, Aniket Singh","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0012","url":null,"abstract":"As resistance against synthetic insecticides has been increasing day by day, mosquito control becomes a great problem around the world. So it is crucial to manage the vector population to overcome the mosquito borne diseases. The present study was executed to assess the larvicidal activities of Cleistanthus patulus leaf extract against filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Method: Crude extracts of C. patulus mature leaf with different concentration gradients ranging from 0.1% - 0.5% were applied against all the larval instars of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Three solvent extractives namely petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone were applied in different graded concentrations against all the larval instars. Through log-probit analysis LC50 and LC90 values were determined. Regression and ANOVA analyses were done for further statistical justification. Activities of bioactive fraction against the non-target organism were carried out in laboratory condition. In addition to these, a qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaf extract was also done. Result: The highest mortality was observed at 0.5 concentration of crude extract against all the larval instars after 72 hours of exposure. Among three used solvent extracts ethyl acetate exhibited the best larvicidal potentiality against target mosquito. 1st instar larvae showed 100% mortality at 250 ppm concentration after 48 hours of exposure. Preliminary qualitative phytochemicals analyses of leaf extract revealed the presence of tannin, steroid and flavonoid as secondary metabolites. Non-target organism was found non-responsive to both extracts. Conclusion: Above experiment indicates that the leaf of C. patulus has the prospective to be used as larvicidal agent against Cx. quinquefasciatus.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45789268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Fractionated Methanolic Extractof Rhizophora mucronata Stilt Root and Sesuvium portulacastrum against Dengue Larvae 大黄根和马齿苋甲醇提取液对登革热幼虫的杀蚊活性研究

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0014

P. Desiyamani, M. S. Ali, V. Anuradha, N. Yogananth, J. Chitra

{"title":"Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Fractionated Methanolic Extractof Rhizophora mucronata Stilt Root and Sesuvium portulacastrum against Dengue Larvae","authors":"P. Desiyamani, M. S. Ali, V. Anuradha, N. Yogananth, J. Chitra","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0014","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the larvicidal activity of fractionated methanolic extract of stilt root of Rhizophora mucronata and leaf of Sessuvium portulacastrum against dengue larvae. Fractionated methanolic extracts of stilt root of Rhizophora mucronata and leaf of Sessuvium portulacastrum were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to prepare a graded series of concentration. Batches of 25 early 4 th instars larvae of dengue were transferred to 250 mL enamel bowl containing 199 mL of distilled water and 1 mL of plant extracts (0.01-0.1 mg). Each experiment was conducted in three replicates. A control group consisted of 1 mL of DMSO and 99 mL of distilled water only. After 24 h, the percentage of mortality was identified with the formula: % of extraction= wt of the extract/wt of the plant material X 100. The fractionated leaf extracts showed maximum larvicidal activity fractionated extract 3 showed minimum level of LC 50 value (0.051±0.2 (0.41-0.602). Simultaneously, the fractionated stilt root extract of Rhizophora mucronata showed maximum larvicidal activity and (RF-2) showed minimum level of LC 50 value (0.51±0.29 (0.45-0.65). It can be concluded from the present study that, the fractionated methanolic extracts of stilt root of Rhizophora mucronata and leaf of Sessuvium portulacastrum against dengue larvae possess active compounds for development of larvicidal activity.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42439817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Status and Genes Involved in Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae Sibling Species in Lomé, (Togo), West Africa 西非多哥洛莫雷地区冈比亚按蚊兄弟种杀虫剂抗性现状及相关基因研究

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0011

Kouassivi Accrobessy, Marina Lidwine Olé, M. Dorkenoo, R. Ossè, B. Akinro, Aboubacar Sidick, M. Akogbéto, I. Glitho

{"title":"Status and Genes Involved in Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae Sibling Species in Lomé, (Togo), West Africa","authors":"Kouassivi Accrobessy, Marina Lidwine Olé, M. Dorkenoo, R. Ossè, B. Akinro, Aboubacar Sidick, M. Akogbéto, I. Glitho","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria vector control relies on mosquito susceptibility to insecticides. Nowadays, the phenomenon of mosquitoes’ resistance to insecticides is growing wider and wider, including all chemical families of insecticides. In order to update data on the insecticides susceptibility, the species’ distribution and genes involved in insecticide resistance in Anopheles in the capital of Togo, we tested local strains of An. gambiae s.l. from three study sites in Lome, with five insecticides namely DDT, Permethrin, Deltamethrin, Bendiocarb, and Fenitrothion. The tests had been performed with the WHO kits from 2013 to 2015. The results of the tests showed mortality rates of 16.0% with 4% DDT, 28.0% with 0.75% Permethrin, 33.0% with 0.05% Deltamethin, 44.0% with 0.1% Bendiocarb and 98.8% with 1% Fenitrothion. The major malaria vectors were shown, across all sites, to be resistant to all of the classes of insecticides used in the experiments except Fenitrothion. PCR analyses for the species’ identification showed, proportions of 81% of An. gambiae s.s. and 19% of An. coluzzii in the city. For the Kdr gene, PCR analyses showed proportions of 57.94% RR, 33.33% RS and 8.73% of SS, revealing a high prevalence of kdr resistance in the Anopheles population in Lome. However, analyses showed mosquitos without Ace1R gene. The multiple resistance to various insecticides is a major concern for the control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases in Lome, as well as in Togo.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Levels of Insecticide Resistance to Temephos, and Associated Mechanisms in Culex pipiens Mosquitoes from Central Tunisia 突尼斯中部地区淡纹库蚊对双硫磷的抗药性水平及相关机制研究

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-07-05 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0010

J. Daaboub, A. Tabbabi, Ali Lamari, M. Feriani, C. Boubaker, H. B. Cheikh

引用次数: 5

The Larvicidal and Repellent Effect of Bush Mint Plant ( Hyptis suaveolens ) and Hairy Sicklepod ( Senna hirsuta ) Extracts against the Larvae and Adult of Culex quinquefasciatus 布什薄荷（Hyptis suaveolens）和毛荚（Senna hirsuta）提取物对致倦库蚊幼虫和成虫的杀幼虫和驱避作用

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-06-16 DOI: 10.5376/jmr.2017.07.0008

Ezihe Ek, C. Egbuche, E. Nwankwo, A. Onyido, InyaAgha Mishael Uzochukwu, U. Joseph, Chukwuzoba Obinna Anthony, O. Ikechukwu

{"title":"The Larvicidal and Repellent Effect of Bush Mint Plant ( Hyptis suaveolens ) and Hairy Sicklepod ( Senna hirsuta ) Extracts against the Larvae and Adult of Culex quinquefasciatus","authors":"Ezihe Ek, C. Egbuche, E. Nwankwo, A. Onyido, InyaAgha Mishael Uzochukwu, U. Joseph, Chukwuzoba Obinna Anthony, O. Ikechukwu","doi":"10.5376/jmr.2017.07.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/jmr.2017.07.0008","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of hexane leaf extracts of Hyptissuaveolens and Senna hirsuta as a larvicide and repellent against the 4 th instar larvae and adult of Culexquinquefasciatus was investigated. Extraction was done using Soxhlet apparatus. Twenty fourth instar larvae of Culexquinquefasciatus were exposed to various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and control) and observed over 3 hours for mortality. Repellency against the adult mosquito was investigated on five human volunteers who did not use any lotion, soap or perfume on the arm. The experiment was carried out during the day in a dark shade. Percentage repellence was recorded every 10minutes for a period of 1 hour. Lethal concentration 50% (LC 50 ) which is the concentration required to kill half the members of the tested population after 3 hours of exposure was used to assess the larval mortality. Result indicated the combined extract with LC 50 6% gave a higher mortality than the individual extract of Hyptis suaveolens (LC 50 6.4%) and Senna hirsuta (LC 50 7.5%). Similarly, repellence was highest in the combined extract with 75% repellency than in the extracts of Hyptis suaveolens (70%) and Senna hirsuta (50%). The result observed in the study was analyzed using Analysis of Variance. There was a significant difference from the use of individual extracts (P< 0.05). From the result of the study, it was deduced that the efficacy of the treatments increased with an increasing exposure time and concentration. The findings of the study revealed the efficacy of hexane leaf extracts of Hyptis suaveolens and Senna hirsuta as good larvicide and repellent against Culex quinquefasciatus especially in the synergistic state.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42025903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Some Determinant Factors of Malaria Prevalence in Nigeria 尼日利亚疟疾流行的一些决定因素

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-05-31 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0007

S. E. Bassey, Sylvester Chibueze Izah

引用次数: 24

Mosquito Species Associated with Refuse Dumps within Enugu Municipal, Enugu State, Nigeria 与尼日利亚埃努古州埃努古市垃圾填埋场有关的蚊子种类

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-04-20 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0006

E. Ebuka, Egbuche Micheal Chukwudi, J. Uka, F. M. Chikezie, Joseph Uche Anumba, E. Nwankwo, Chukwuzoba Anthony Obinna, C. Umenzekwe, Ejehu Zika Uchenna, Inya-Agha I. Stella

{"title":"Mosquito Species Associated with Refuse Dumps within Enugu Municipal, Enugu State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Ebuka, Egbuche Micheal Chukwudi, J. Uka, F. M. Chikezie, Joseph Uche Anumba, E. Nwankwo, Chukwuzoba Anthony Obinna, C. Umenzekwe, Ejehu Zika Uchenna, Inya-Agha I. Stella","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0006","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of refuse dumps in Enugu municipal for the presence of mosquito larvae and eggs from March to August, 2015 were studied. Twenty refuse sites from the five zones according to ESWAMA classifications were sampled to elucidate the mosquito ecology and their breeding habitats. Ovitrapping and larval sampling were used to collect the eggs and larvae from the different study sites. Water samples collected from the breeding sites during the larval collection were analysed for physico-chemical parameters and their correlation with larval abundance. Result indicated a total of 1,140 mosquito eggs were collected from Ovitrapping and 820 of the eggs were positive. Of the collections, 168 eggs were collected from New Haven, 199 eggs from G.R.A, 186 eggs from Abakpa, 163 eggs from Emene and 104 eggs from Independence layout. Culex quinquefasciatus accounted for 33.3% of the total eggs collected. The eggs of Cx.quinquefasciatus , Ae.albopictus and Ae.aegypti were the most abundant (p 0.05) between the physico-chemical parameters and mosquito larval abundance, temperature and Lead (Pb) showed strong positive (r=0.5, 0.6440) correlation respectively while Copper (Cu) showed a strong negative (r= -860) correlation. To avert disease outbreaks caused by vectors breeding in dump sites or around the sites in Enugu municipal, more dumpsters with coverlid should be provided to prohibit waste been disposed indiscriminately.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70859443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l Mosquitoes in Awka, Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria 尼日利亚东南部阿南布拉州Awka地区冈比亚按蚊的抗药性研究

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-04-14 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0005

E. Nwankwo, P. Okorie, C. T. Acha, O. Okonkwo, Nwangwu Uc, Ezihe Ek

{"title":"Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l Mosquitoes in Awka, Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria","authors":"E. Nwankwo, P. Okorie, C. T. Acha, O. Okonkwo, Nwangwu Uc, Ezihe Ek","doi":"10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Long-lasting insecticide nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are the main methods used for malaria vector control. However, the success of these methods has been hampered by the development and spread of insecticide resistance in major malaria vectors. The emergence of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes in Nigeria has enormous implications for vector control interventions in the country. This study aimed to investigate the insecticide susceptibility levels of wild Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes from Southeast, Nigeria to the four main classes of insecticides used for vector control. Larval mosquitoes were collected from different breeding sites and reared in the insectary. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically and two to five day old adult female mosquitoes were used to conduct WHO susceptibility assays against pyrethroid (0.75% permethrin and 0.05% deltamethrin), organochlorine (4% DDT), organophosphate (0.25% pirimiphos-methyl) and carbamate (0.1% propoxur and 0.1% bendiocarb) insecticides. All mosquitoes collected were identified as members of the Anopheles gambiae s.l. The mosquitoes were completely susceptible to bendiocarb (100% mortality). Resistance to permethrin, pirimiphos-methyland DDT was recorded with percentage mortalities of 26.5%, 17.5% and 1.3% respectively. The KDT 50 recorded were 36.7 minutes (0.1% Bendiocarb), 39.8 minutes (0.1% propoxur), 50.9 minutes (0.05% deltamethrin), 91.4 minutes (0.75% permethrin), 116.3 minutes (0.25% Pirimiphos-Methyl) and 119.1 minutes (4% DDT). The results show that there is very high frequency of insecticide resistance in the study area and calls for a need for insecticide resistance management strategies to be implemented in the area.","PeriodicalId":92079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mosquito research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

An Observation on Virulence of Mosquito-killing Fungus, Pythium guiyangense after Rejuvenated through Its Host, Culex quinquefaciatus Larvae 贵阳腐霉通过致倦库蚊幼虫复活后的毒力观察

Journal of mosquito research Pub Date : 2017-03-17 DOI: 10.5376/JMR.2017.07.0004

X. Su, Xiao Yang

引用次数: 0