BMC Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"Improving cervical cancer screening participation by introducing HPV vaginal self-sampling to women living with HIV in Denmark- a pilot study.","authors":"Siri Nana Halling Svensgaard, Mette Tranberg, Berit Andersen, Lone Kjeld Petersen, Merete Storgaard, Sanne Jespersen","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03740-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03740-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer, despite being largely preventable through vaccination and screening, continues to pose a significant global health challenge. Women living with HIV (WLWH) are at a six-fold higher risk of developing cervical cancer, primarily due to persistent infection with high-risk HPV (hrHPV). While effective screening methods have the potential to reduce this risk, WLWH remain inadequately screened. The aims of this pilot study were fourfold: To estimate the proportion of WLWH who are not screened according to WHO guidelines; to establish the proportion of WLWH who accepted the self-sampling offer; to estimate the hrHPV DNA prevalence; and to estimate the compliance to follow-up among women with a hrHPV-positive vaginal self-sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre, pilot study was conducted from February to May 2022 at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region. Eligible women were contacted by phone and invited to participate. Participants were provided with a self-sampling kit (Evalyn^® Brush) and detailed instructions. The collected samples were analysed for hrHPV DNA using the COBAS^® 4800 assay. Demographic, clinical, and screening history data were obtained from medical records and the Danish Pathology Databank.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 100 eligible participants, 50% (n = 50) accepted the offer of self-sampling, and 80% (n = 40/50) returned their samples for analysis. The prevalence of hrHPV among these women was 25% (n = 10/40). Follow-up compliance among hrHPV-positive women was 40% (n = 4/10). The analysis revealed that 41% (n = 41/100) of WLWH had not been screened in accordance with WHO guidelines, and 39% (n = 16/41) of the women had never undergone screening. No significant differences were observed in demographic or clinical characteristics between participants and non-participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaginal hrHPV self-sampling was acceptable and feasible for WLWH, with high return rates but suboptimal follow-up compliance. Enhancing participation and adherence is crucial for effective cervical cancer prevention. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and optimize screening strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The Central Denmark Region Committee on Health Research Ethics deemed this study as a quality improvement study on the 9th of November 2021 (request approval j.no: 204/1-10-72-274-21).</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner controlling behaviour and intimate partner violence among married women in rural areas in South Africa.","authors":"Lanre Abdul-Rasheed Sulaiman, Oluwaseun T Ojogiwa, Chinyere Elsie Ajayi","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03687-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03687-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Violence against women is a critical public health issue, and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is prevalent globally as its predominant form. Despite extensive research on its prevalence, the connection between IPV and controlling behaviour has not been sufficiently researched, especially within the context of rural living. This study contributes to this gap by assessing the relationship between intimate partner controlling behaviour and IPV among rural dwellers in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used the domestic violence module data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). The data were analysed using both descriptive statistics- percentages, mean, and standard deviation- and inferential statistics-logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The study found intimate partner controlling behaviour as a predictor of IPV among married women residing in rural communities in South Africa. Accusations of infidelity, restrictions on seeing family members, general movement control, and jealousy were the forms of intimate partner controlling behaviour that predicted the occurrence of IPV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intimate partner controlling behaviour is associated with intimate partner violence. Based on this finding, we argue that preventative, and responsive approaches that combine education, awareness raising, pathways to help seeking, women's personal development and empowerment will have greater benefits in helping to tackle the problem of controlling behaviour and intimate partner violence against rural women in South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12016359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of female sexual dysfunction based on physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Nader Salari, Razie Hasheminezhad, Amin Hosseinian-Far, Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03738-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03738-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a strong connection between physical activity and major non-communicable diseases. Women's sexual health is a vital aspect of life at any age; however, it is influenced by many factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the global prevalence of female sexual dysfunction based on physical activity through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, electronic repositories including PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect were systematically searched using specified keywords, without a lower time limit, up until March 2025. A random effects model was employed to perform the meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I² index. Data analysis was conducted within the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software (version 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the review of 7 studies with a sample size of 1,776 participants, the pooled prevalence of female sexual dysfunction with high physical activity was estimated to be 47% (95% CI: 28.8-65.9). Also, in the review of 6 studies with a sample size of 2,094 participants, the pooled prevalence of female sexual dysfunction among those with low physical activity or a sedentary lifestyle was found to be 64.6% (95% CI: 44.5-80.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of sexual dysfunction among inactive women was reported to be higher and more significant than that of physically active women. Thus, it is necessary for health policymakers to further promote the importance of physical activity to prevent and reduce female sexual dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12016371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of women's empowerment dimensions and antenatal care utilization in Ethiopia; facility based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yonas Abebe, Asresash Demissie, Kebebe Adugna","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03743-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03743-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women's empowerment is a multidimensional global development goal. Women in low-income countries are often disempowered, which can lead to increased mortality and morbidity by inhibiting their access to essential maternal health care, such as antenatal care. It is impossible to decrease maternal mortality without sufficient and timely antenatal care. However, the association between women's empowerment and antenatal care utilization has been understudied. Therefore, this research aims to assess the association of women's empowerment dimensions with antenatal care use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1 to August 31, 2022, in public hospitals within Jimma town, Ethiopia. Participants were 305 women who attended childbirth and postpartum services, selected by systematic random sampling. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to determine the association between variables.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Of 305 respondents, 301 provided complete responses, resulting in a response rate of 99.1%. Approximately 187 (62%) study participants utilized adequate antenatal care [95% CI: 56.4-67.6]. In multivariate logistic regression women's empowerment dimensions showed statistically significant association with antenatal care utilization. High general self-efficacy [AOR = 1.89 (1.02-3.50)], high self-esteem [AOR = 3.10 (1.67-5.76)], an internal locus of control [AOR = 2.13 (1.17-3.86)], and labor work participation [AOR = 1.98 (1.06-3.72)]. All these factors were associated with increased antenatal care utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women empowerment dimensions have a positive and statistically significant association with antenatal care use. So, to improve recommended antenatal care utilization by mothers, empowerment of women by health professionals, hospitals, and other stakeholders is very important.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12016110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical cancer screening: a comparative study of TruScreen vs. Pap Smear.","authors":"Majed Alhudhud, Shazia Maqsood, Maab El Hussein, Rifat Shaheen, Hiba Sarhan, Sadia Aslam, Hisham Al Khalidi, Amina Butt, Mazen Bishtawi","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03733-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03733-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the potential of real-time optoelectronic device (TruScreen™; TS; TruScreen Group Limited, New Zealand) as an alternative or adjunct to Pap Smear (Liquid Based Cytology (LBC)) for cervical cancer screening.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a prospective observational pilot study involving 507 women who were routinely followed at gynecology clinics. All participants underwent TS and LBC examinations after study enrolment. Those with abnormal findings were referred for colposcopy and cervical biopsy within one month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 507 women fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this study, of which 30 women (5.9%) had abnormal TS findings and underwent colposcopy. Thirteen women (43.3%) had low-grade lesions, and only one (3.3%) had a high-grade lesion. Regarding biopsy findings, three women had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, two women had 'CIN2 + , and one had glandular hyperplasia. The TS yielded a sensitivity of 83.3% (95% CI: 35.9-99.6%) and a specificity of 95% (95% CI: 92.7- 96.8%) for the detection of cervical abnormality, compared to 66.7% (95% CI: 22.3-95.7%) and 98.2% (95%: CI 96.6%-99.2%) of the Pap smear, respectively. The difference between both screening tools was not statistically significant (p = 0.91). The sensitivity (100%, 95% CI 15.6-100%) and specificity (95.6%, 95% CI 93.4-97.2%) of TS and Pap smear for 'CIN2 + lesions were notably high.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TS demonstrated potential as a screening tool for cervical neoplasms in this preliminary study. The tool did not require cervical samples, laboratory equipment, or highly trained personnel. While our findings suggest the potential for real-time and accurate screening, further research with a larger sample size is necessary to confirm its reliability and practicality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis in women with urinary incontinence.","authors":"Emrullah Akay, Osman Murat Güler, Hilal Künkül Bayraktar, Alime Dilayda Uzun Gül, Alper Türkoğlu","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03730-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03730-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID), which was developed for women with urinary incontinence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, methodological study included 600 female participants aged 18 years and above with Turkish reading and writing skills. Psychometric methods comprised correlation analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The QUID, King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and Incontinence Severity Index (ISI) were administered consecutively to assess construct validity and diagnostic performance. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Turkish version of the QUID demonstrated high validity and reliability in distinguishing stress and urge urinary incontinence. The QUID scores were significantly positively correlated with the KHQ and ISI scores, indicating consistency with the established measures (p < 0.05). The test‒retest reliability analysis confirmed that the QUID scale provided consistent results over time, with high internal consistency reflected by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.858, which suggests the questionnaire's stability and reliability for repeated measurements. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.886 to 0.996 for each subscale, highlighting the high discriminative power of the QUID in distinguishing different types of urinary incontinence effectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study indicate that the Turkish version of the QUID is a reliable and valid tool for diagnosing urinary incontinence in clinical practice and may contribute positively to patients' quality of life by providing an accurate diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossroads of choice: a qualitative study of the factors influencing decisions to transition from sex work among women engaged in sex work in Southern Uganda.","authors":"Jennifer Nattabi, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Josephine Nabayinda, Proscovia Nabunya, Joshua Kiyingi, Samuel Kizito, Flavia Namuwonge, Edward Nsubuga, Susan S Witte, Fred M Ssewamala","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03631-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03631-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women engaged in commercial sex work (WESW) are exposed to behavioral, biological, and structural factors that exacerbate their risk of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections. While commercial sex work may appear voluntary, WESW are more likely to be constrained to selling sex due to limited viable alternatives. To effectively support this vulnerable group of women, it is critical to understand factors that facilitate and impede their decisions to transition from sex work into other careers or jobs. The current study explored women's decision to transition from sex work into other careers or jobs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 53 WESW aged 20-47 enrolled within the larger Kyaterekera study, a randomized clinical trial (N = 542) implemented in 19 geographical hotspots in the Southern region of Uganda. Participants were selected based on their level of intervention attendance (high/medium/low attendance) during the 12-month follow-up (Time 2). The interviews were conducted in Luganda the widely spoken language in the study area to explore the factors influencing women's decisions to transition from sex work to other jobs or careers. The main interview question used for this study was, \"What are some of the factors that may influence whether you would transition from sex work to other jobs or vocations?\" All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. Thematic analysis in Dedoose software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported three primary types of decisions, including considering leaving sex work, deciding to leave, and staying in sex work. The emerging themes from the interviews were categorized into individual and structural level facilitators and barriers to transitioning out of sex work. Individual-level factors included issues of stigma, discrimination, and aging as factors that facilitated women's decision to leave sex work. At the interpersonal level, physical and sexual violence was noted as a reason to leave sex work. At the structural level, stigma and discrimination (from community members) were identified as facilitators to leaving sex work. Income-related factors were identified mainly as barriers to leaving sex work.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the complex decision-making processes among WESW as they navigate transitions to alternative jobs or careers. By advocating for multifaceted interventions and policies tailored to the diverse challenges faced by WESW, our study contributes to a more informed approach to supporting their transition out of sex work.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to accessing post sexual-based violence health services among young women attending higher education institutions in Nigeria.","authors":"Ajoke Esther Ogedegbe, Zhong Eric Chen, Oluwafemi Adeagbo, Oluwaseun Badru, Ebele R I Mogo, Brenda Mbouamba Yankam, Adaeze Oreh, Muktar A Gadanya, Luchuo Engelbert Bain","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03714-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03714-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post sexual-based violence (SBV) services are crucial for mitigating SBV-induced consequences. However, these services are reportedly rare and often underutilized, particularly by young women in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to accessing post-SBV services among young women (18-24 years) attending higher education institutions in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey, using a piloted questionnaire, was administered to a purposive sample of 114 participants recruited from social media platforms between the 8th and 22nd March 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the study findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority (71.1%) of the participants were between the ages of 21 and 24 years. Of the 37 participants who indicated they have had their first sexual intercourse, a quarter (9, 24.3%) indicated it was non-consensual. Also, 1 in 5 respondents did not identify SBV/abuse as abnormal. Half of the participants (50.9%) strongly agreed that a post-SBV health service should be the first place to seek care following an incident of rape, however, over half (53.2%) reported a lack of awareness of existing post-SBV health services as a key barrier affecting access. Less than half of the participants strongly agreed that healthcare workers could provide the post-SBV services highlighted in the study, including emergency contraceptives to prevent pregnancy (42.9%) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (39.6%), highlighting awareness gaps. Other significant barriers included stigma, shame, and a lack of support systems. Key facilitators included assurance of confidentiality and access to free post-SBV health services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant barriers and facilitators affect access to post-SBV health services in Nigeria, particularly among young women. Multilevel efforts by families, civil society organizations, communities, and governments are essential to address these barriers and improve access to post-SBV health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of contraceptive use prior to onset of childbearing among ever-married women in Indonesia: a secondary data analysis.","authors":"Sarah Muharomah, Linnea A Zimmerman","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03724-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03724-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite high rates of early marriage and adolescent childbearing in Indonesia-which increase risks for both maternal and child health-family planning efforts largely focus on birth spacing or limiting the number of children. Few programs specifically address the reproductive needs of ever-married women who wish to prevent or delay their first birth. This study investigates the sociodemographic factors influencing contraceptive use prior to childbearing among ever-married women in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed weighted data from 121,916 ever-married women using the 2002-2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys. Variables were selected based on prior research and bivariate screening. Univariate and multiple survey logistic regression analyses were performed; model selection was guided by the Akaike Information Criterion, and Nagelkerke R-square quantified the explained variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 4.66% of ever-married women reported using contraception before having any children. Younger women (15-19 years), those preferring a smaller family size, being employed, and residing in Java were significantly associated with higher usage. Contrary to conventional assumptions, the poorest wealth quintile had notably high odds of pre-childbearing contraceptive use, second only to the richest. Interactions involving education and rural residence highlighted the multifaceted nature of these reproductive decisions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings underscore the need for targeted policies to address diverse socioeconomic barriers and to empower women who wish to delay their first birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among female high school students in Nekemte town, East Wallaga Zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bekan Gudata Gindaba, Lemane Dereje Sebu, Ebisa Zerihun Gindaba, Misgana Tesgara Abdisa, Damiso Geneti Dinagde, Chala Regassa Hunde, Kidane Dinku Motuma, Takele Mitiku Tesema, Tesfaye Abera Gudeta","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03732-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03732-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological condition characterized by recurring, cramp-like abdominal pain before or during menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease. Despite its high prevalence, management practices remain unstudied, particularly among adolescent students. This study examined pharmacological and nonpharmacological management strategies for primary dysmenorrhea among female high school students in Nekemte town, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the management practices for primary dysmenorrhea among high school students in Nekemte town, East Wallaga, Western Oromia, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 6 to December 6, 2024, among 422 female high school students who experienced primary dysmenorrhea. The participants were selected via a multistage stratified sampling technique. The data were collected via a structured questionnaire and analyzed via SPSS version 25. A paired t-test was used to assess differences in pain scores before and after the interventions, whereas multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the effectiveness of nonpharmacological methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 80.1% utilized nonpharmacological management, including drinking tea (20.2%), drinking ginger tea (15.8%), and sleeping (16.7%). Diclofenac (53.1%) was the most commonly used pharmacological treatment. Tukey post hoc analysis revealed that ibuprofen (n = 13, M = 3.54, SD = 2.22) significantly reduced pain scores more than diclofenac did (n = 26, M = 1.65, SD = 1.70). A paired t-test revealed a significant reduction in pain scores after both pharmacological (p < 0.001) and nonpharmacological (p < 0.001) interventions. Multiple linear regression indicated that sports (p = 0.040) and hot baths (p = 0.026) significantly reduced pain scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many students rely on self-medication for their management of primary dysmenorrhea. Moreover, both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions were associated with reducing pain, with sports and hot baths showing significant benefits. Greater awareness and education on safe and effective pain management strategies are recommended. Schools and healthcare providers should collaborate to promote evidence-based dysmenorrhea management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}