BMC Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"Reproductive health challenges in coastal Bangladesh: a silent threat of water salinity.","authors":"Md Mahfuz Hossain, Indrajit Pal","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03989-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03989-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Salinity intrusion in coastal Bangladesh presents an escalating public health concern, disproportionately affecting women's health. This study explores the association between salinity exposure and reproductive health problems among women of reproductive age, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and sustainable water management.</p><p><strong>Study settings: </strong>The study was conducted in Gabura Union, Shyamnagar subdistrict of Satkhira district, a coastal area of Bangladesh highly vulnerable to saline intrusion. Data collection focused on assessing the impact of salinity, particularly reproductive health issues among women, while also evaluating access to fresh water, distance of health care facilities and practice to manage these challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the reproductive health impacts of salinity on women of reproductive age (18-49 years). A simple random sampling technique was employed to collect data from 234 household surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that water-dependent occupations (OR 3.916, 95% CI 1.944-7.888, p < 0.001), distance of safe drinking water (OR 12.621, 95% CI 4.150-38.385, p < 0.001), and distance of nearest health facility (OR 2.640, 95% CI 1.831-5.045, p = 0.003) were positively associated with an increased likelihood of reproductive health problems. These results highlight the significant role of environmental and resource constraints in exacerbating reproductive health challenges in salinity-affected regions.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The study identifies a strong association between salinity exposure and reproductive health issues, emphasizing the need for mobile health clinics specializing in reproductive health care, telemedicine services, subsidized household water filtration systems, and expanded rainwater harvesting projects in coastal areas. This study acknowledges certain limitations, including reliance on self-reported data, which may be subject to recall bias, and its cross-sectional design, which restricts causal interpretation. Future research should consider incorporating biomarker analysis, longitudinal designs, and appropriate comparison groups to strengthen causal inferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Granulomatous Mastitis in the Contralateral Breast Following Radical Mastectomy for Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Jie Chen, Bo Zhang, Tongtong Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03971-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03971-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of sleep quality among women living in informal settlements in Kenya.","authors":"Ebuka Ukoh, Stephanie Otieno Achieng, LaNae Plaxico, Anna K Balakrishnan, Lena Moraa Obara, Millicent Dzombo, Meagan Ramchal, Enoch Amponsah, Haley Brown, Christine Musyimi, Susan S Witte, Samantha C Winter","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03739-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03739-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep plays a critical role in overall health and well-being. While most sleep research focuses on high-income countries, there is limited knowledge about sleep quality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially among women living in urban informal settlements. Many factors, including physical, psychological, cultural, and environmental influences, can affect sleep quality. This study, which uses Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, aims to explore the prevalence of sleep disturbances and self-reported factors associated with poor sleep quality among a representative sample of 800 women living in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data, collected in September 2022, are from the baseline assessment of an 18-month longitudinal cohort study examining mental health and climate change among women living in two informal settlements in Nairobi-Mathare and Kibera. Items from the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) were collected to examine women's sleep habits and quality. Quality of sleep scores were calculated. We used t-tests, bivariate regressions, and ANOVAs to assess the bivariate associations between key predictors of poor sleep with the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) score. We also conducted a cross-sectional multivariable regression analysis to explore the factors influencing sleep disturbances. Open-ended questions were asked about factors contributing to sleep disturbance, and a thematic analysis was conducted to summarize the findings.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>29% of women (N = 229) met the criteria for poor-quality sleep. Open-ended findings identify stress as the main factor affecting sleep. Childcare, financial instability, physical health, climate, grief, and loss also impacted women's sleep. Significant quantitative predictors of poor sleep quality among women included the severity of disability, depression, and food insecurity. Anxiety also showed a trend toward significance, underscoring the complex interplay of physical, mental, and socioeconomic factors on sleep.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>This study underscores the need for further research on sleep quality among women in SSA's informal settlements. By enhancing understanding and awareness of sleep's health impacts, policymakers and interventionists can develop more effective interventions tailored to the unique challenges faced by this population. Our findings contribute to the knowledge base, supporting the creation of targeted policies and practices that address and improve sleep quality for women in these communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vitamin D and E supplementation on pain relief and premenstrual symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Maryam Sadat Hosseini, Maryam Talayeh, Alireza Haghbin Toutounchi, Afsaneh Hosseini, Nesa Moradi, Saeideh Iranshahi, Fatemeh Abdollahi Aliabadi","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04007-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04007-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary dysmenorrhea is a common condition characterized by painful menstrual cramps. Vitamin D and E are suggested to have potential benefits in managing dysmenorrhea. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and E supplements combination on pain intensity and premenstrual symptoms in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted with 106 participants diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea. The participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (received vitamin D and E supplements) or the control group (received placebo). Pain intensity and premenstrual symptoms were assessed at baseline and after four months of supplementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group exhibited a significant reduction in pain intensity (NPRS: from 7.85 ± 1.15 to 3.75 ± 1.40; mean difference - 4.10, 95% CI: -4.61 to -3.58, p < 0.001) compared to controls (7.68 ± 1.20 to 6.02 ± 1.70). Premenstrual symptoms significantly improved (PMS score: 32.42 ± 4.67 to 9.02 ± 8.84, Δ=-23.40, 95% CI: -26.51 to -21.02, p < 0.001). Baseline vitamin D inversely correlated with pain (r=-0.768, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined vitamin D and E supplementation significantly reduces pain and PMS in vitamin D-deficient women. Healthcare providers may consider this regimen for dysmenorrhea management, pending further optimization studies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>In IRCT.ir with number IRCT20220720055506N1 at 2023-02-01.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbohydrate diet, overweight/obesity and female urinary incontinence: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Wei Lv, Xiaoli Zhao, Lidan Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04012-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04012-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on the relationship between overweight/obese and urinary incontinence (UI) in women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 13,733 female patients were included in this cross-sectional study, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. Various subtypes of UI were the primary endpoint. Overweight was defined as 25 kg/m² ≤ body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m²; obese was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². LCD was categorized into two groups based on median value: low-LCD group, high-LCD group. We employed weighted univariate and multivariate regression analysis to examine the association between overweight, obese, and UI [including stress UI (SUI), urge UI (UUI), mixed UI (MUI), or any UI)] within each group (low-LCD and high-LCD groups).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>47.53% presented with low-LCD score, and 52.47% had high-LCD score. The association between overweight or obese and an increased risk of SUI in both the low-LCD and high-LCD groups. Compared to the low-LCD group, the correlation between BMI and SUI was reduced in high-LCD group. Obese was related to a higher risk of UUI in female with low/high-LCD score. Women with high-LCD score exhibited a diminished correlation between obese and UUI risk, in contrast to their counterparts with low-LCD score. Similarly, higher risk of MUI can be found in overweight and obese female with low LCD score. In the high LCD group, obese was significantly associated with an increased risk of MUI. When the LCD score increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the impact of obese on MUI risk. Any subtype of UI risk was higher among women who were overweight or obese, regardless of their low or high LCD score. As the LCD score increased, the impact of overweight/obese on the any subtypes of UI risk decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-LCD score may attenuate the impact of overweight or obese on the SUI, UUI, MUI and any UI. Adopting LCD pattern may have the potential to mitigate the risk of overweight and obese-related UI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of bacterial vaginosis among women of reproductive age living with, and without HIV in Lagos, Nigeria.","authors":"Emelda E Chukwu, Dennis Abuh, Ifeoma E Idigbe, Peter Omoregha, Azuka P Okwuraiwe, Olanrewaju Ishola, Rashidat M Omoloye, Chukwunonso O Nwajieze, Oliver C Ezechi, Rosemary A Audu, Folasade T Ogunsola","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04024-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04024-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism and abdominal obesity on ovarian cancer risk in Chinese women.","authors":"Jiamin Zhu, Baixia Yang, Xiaogang Zhai, Feng Ni, Dan Tao, Cheng Tan","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04001-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04001-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of TLR4 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and additional TLR4 gene SNP- SNP and SNP- abdominal obesity (AO) interaction on ovarian cancer (OC) risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method were utilized to identify the most informative interactions between four SNPs in the TLR4 gene and abdominal obesity. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the association between 4 SNPs within TLR4 gene and OC risk, and additional SNP- SNP and gene- AO interaction on OC risk, ORs (95%CI) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis of logistic regression indicated a markedly elevated risk of OC in individuals carrying either the rs4986790-G or rs11536889-C alleles in the TLR4 gene compared to those with the standard genetic variations, adjusted ORs (95%CI) were 1.61 (1.28-1.96) and 1.48 (1.09-1.91). GMDR analysis indicated a significant two-locus model (p = 0.018) involving rs4986790 and rs11536889, and a significant two-locus model (p = 0.001) involving rs4986790 and AO. Participants with rs4986790- AG/GG and rs11536889GC/ CC genotype has the highest OC risk, compared to participants with rs4986790-AA and rs11536889-GG genotype, OR (95%CI) = 2.58 (1.46-3.71), and abdominal obese participants with rs4986790- AG/GG genotype have the highest OC risk, compared to non- abdominal obese participants with rs4986790-AA genotype, OR (95%CI) = 3.17 (1.78-4.58).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggested that TLR4 gene rs4986790 and rs11536889 polymorphisms were associated with increased OC risk. Significant interaction also existed between rs4986790 and AO, which means that the WC levels may influence the impact of rs4986790 on OC risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine fibroids in women of childbearing age: a cross-sectional study at the primary health care corporation in Qatar.","authors":"Wafa Mohammed Ahmed, Jihene Maatoug, Ayman Al-Dahshan, Ahmed Sweilim, Iheb Bougmiza","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04004-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04004-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterine fibroids are a major cause of hysterectomy and morbidity among women of childbearing age, yet data in Qatar are limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the epidemiology, health-related characteristics, and perceptions of uterine fibroids among women attending primary healthcare facilities in Qatar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic medical records of 8,014 women diagnosed with fibroids at PHCC (Primary Health Care Corporation) were analyzed. Additionally, complementary phone interviews were conducted with 1,200 women, with 378 respondents enrolled (31.5% response rate).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of diagnosed women was 40.5 years (SD = 5.8), with 18.4% being Qatari nationals. The mean BMI was 29.6 (SD = 5.9), and 77% had anemia (hemoglobin < 11 g/dL). Vitamin D insufficiency was prevalent (76%), with 37% classified as deficient (< 20 ng/mL). Among phone interview respondents, 76% were employed, 71.1% were married, and 71.2% were university graduates. Key health-related findings included 21% being childless, 10% having a history of smoking, and 59.4% reporting a family history of fibroids. The most common symptom was abnormal uterine bleeding (69%), and 55.4% had received treatment, primarily surgery (37%) or hormonal therapy (16%). Awareness varied, with 47% unaware of the cause of fibroids, while 78% considered them treatable. A significant association was found between high education level and believing that women with fibroids can conceive. Nationality was significantly associated with perceptions of treatment necessity and fertility impact (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides key insights into uterine fibroids in Qatar, highlighting the need for targeted awareness campaigns and improved management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The primary surgery improved the survival of FIGO stage IIIC1 cervical cancer with T1b-T2a tumors.","authors":"Ming Wang, Jianqing Xu, Shuiqing Xu, Yumei Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-04009-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-04009-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Concurrent chemoradiation is the preferred treatment recommendation for stage IIIC1 cervical cancer. Radical surgery is the alternative treatment for this population without parametrial invasion. Approximately 85% of newly diagnosed cases occur in developing countries where brachytherapy facilities and expertise are lacking. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different primary treatment modality (surgery vs. radiation) in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study that included patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2022. Patients who were diagnosed with stage IIIC1 cervical cancer without parametrial invasion were identified and further stratified into two groups based on the primary treatment modality (surgery or radiation). One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to balance the bias of baseline characteristics between the two groups. The primary outcomes are overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2176 patients included, 1690 patients underwent primary surgery (group A) and 486 patients underwent primary radiation (group B). Compared to group B, patients who received surgery as primary treatment had a lower ratio of squamous carcinoma and larger tumor size. After one-to-one matching, no differences were found between the two groups on baseline variables. Compared to group B, patients who received surgery as primary treatment were associated with an increased 5-year OS (73.97% vs. 67.55%, HR 0.749[95% CI: 0.594-0.945], p = 0.0147) and CSS (79.20% vs. 69.96%, HR 0.668[95% CI: 0.516-0.866], p = 0.0023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary surgery may be a more favorable selection for patients with stage IIIC1 cervical cancer without parametrial invasion for improved survival benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of female sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in reproductive-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Heshmatnia, Marzieh Azizi, Hamed Milani, Roya Nikbakht, Mohsen Kheiri, Hadis Tolomehr, Zohreh Shahhosseini","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03960-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03960-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is defined as any dissatisfaction with sexual function domains such as sexual desire/arousal disorder, orgasmic disorders, and genital-pelvic pain/penetration disorder that in some cases leads to sexual distress (SD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of FSD and SD among healthy reproductive-aged women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Google Scholar and electronic databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Iranian database including the Scientific Information Database (SID), were searched and the publication year of the included articles were limited to January 1, 2015, through January 1, 2024 to identify studies that assessed FSD and SD among reproductive-aged women. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional and cohort studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies were included in this review. According to the results of 18 studies, the prevalence of FSD ranged between 20.6% and 95.0%. In addition, the prevalence of sexual desire disorder (SDD) was estimated between 8.0% and 91.0% based on the results of 16 studies. The prevalence of arousal disorder (9.0-91.0%), orgasm disorder (7.9-93.0%), lubrication problems (9.3-99.0%), pain disorder (8.2-99.0%), and satisfaction (21.4-86.0%). SD prevalence was 31.8-83.4%. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled FSD prevalence of 47.81% (95% CI: 39.19-56.43%). The factors related to FSD were classified into five main categories: sociodemographic, reproduction, interpersonal, psychological, and medical factors. Also, the associated factors of SD were classified into four categories: sociodemographic, interpersonal, psychological, and medical factors. The risk of bias for all of the included studies was good.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study showed that reproductive-aged women are at high risk of FSD and SD due to various factors. As the literature regarding SD among the reproductive-aged population was limited, conducting high-quality cross-sectional studies with representative samples and using validated questionnaires are required to provide more precise data regarding its prevalence and associated factors across diverse cultural contexts.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO; Registration no. CRD42024491942.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}