BMC Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"Depression, anxiety, and stress in polycystic ovary syndrome: understanding the impact of adult separation anxiety and uncertainty intolerance.","authors":"Özlem Gül, Merve Akkuş, Fatih Akkuş","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03930-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03930-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting up to 10% of women of reproductive age, with significant physical and psychological consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of adult separation anxiety in women with PCOS. The secondary objective was to investigate the relationship between ASA (Adult Separation Anxiety) symptoms and the levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and intolerance of uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 114 women with PCOS. Participants were administered the Sociodemographic Data Form, Adult Separation Anxiety Scale (ASA-27), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with Mann-Whitney U, chi-square tests, and Spearman correlations (significance set at p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that 28.9% of women with PCOS exhibited separation anxiety symptoms above the cut-off score of 25. These symptoms were significantly correlated with elevated levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and intolerance of uncertainty. Moreover, individuals with separation anxiety above the cut-off score demonstrated notably higher levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and intolerance of uncertainty compared to those below the cut-off score. They also exhibited greater rates of clinical symptoms such as weight gain, acne, and infertility, as well as higher levels of testosterone, DHEAS, and LH/FSH ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adult separation anxiety may be relatively common among women with PCOS and may be linked to both psychological distress and hormonal/metabolic characteristics.These findings suggest that considering ASA during psychological assessments of PCOS could be valuable and warrant further investigation through longitudinal research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the risk factors of chronic endometritis in infertile women.","authors":"Chaoyu Zhang, Shan Meng, Xiaojuan Tu, Yang Wang, Dan Meng, Weixuan Zhang, Yuyan Li, Wei He","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03868-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03868-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify if there is a high-risk group for chronic endometritis (CE) in infertile women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted on 209 infertile women with CE and 843 women without. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to examine the risk factors for CE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of developing CE was found to be 1.8 times higher in multipara than in nullipara (OR = 1.794; 95% CI, 1.216-2.645; P = 0.003), and 1.7 times higher in patients with more than 6 years of infertility than in patients with less than 2 years of infertility (OR = 1.733; 95% CI, 1.040-2.887; P = 0.035). Patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease and endometrial hyperplasia have a 1.7-fold (OR = 1.702; 95% CI, 1.214-2.387; P = 0.002) and 2.2-fold (OR = 2.165; 95% CI, 1.376-3.406; P = 0.001) increased likelihood of developing chronic endometritis, respectively. The possibility of acquiring CE increases by 1.6 times for each increase in the number of deliveries (OR = 1.621; 95% CI, 1.200-2.189; P = 0.002) and 1.1 times for every additional year of infertility (OR = 1.077; 95% CI, 1.032-1.125; P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on univariable and multivariable regression analyses, significant risk factors for CE in infertile women include a history of pregnancy, prolonged infertility of more than 6 years, sequelae of pelvic inflammatory diseases, and endometrial hyperplasia. These findings may assist in identifying a high-risk group for CE within the infertile population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-period-cohort analysis of global, regional, and national cervical cancer prevalence trends in women of childbearing age (15-49 years), 1990-2021.","authors":"Zeng-Tao Wang, Chuang-Wei Dang, Rui-Ling You, Shuo Li, Ting-Ting Jiang, Feng-Bo Zhu, Cai-Long Gu","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03918-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03918-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cervical cancer remains a significant global health challenge, particularly among women of childbearing age (15-49 years). Recent data indicate a steady rise in cervical cancer incidence and mortality. This study investigates how age, period, and cohort affect cervical cancer prevalence worldwide from 1990 to 2021, with a focus on regional variations in burden based on the socio-demographic index (SDI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis used data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study, which provided age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and prevalence across 204 countries. We evaluated the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of cervical cancer in women aged 15-49 years using Joinpoint regression and an age-period-cohort framework to assess the influence of age, time period, and generational effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the global ASPR for cervical cancer increased from 91.60 per 100,000 (95% UI: 86.20-97.40) to 105.00 per 100,000 (95% UI: 96.40-114.00). The total number of cases worldwide increased from 1.23 million (95% UI: 1.15-1.30) in 1990 to 2.05 million (95% UI: 1.88-2.23) in 2021. Using Joinpoint regression, we identified distinct trends in ASPR among women aged 15-49 years over the study period, with varying patterns of increase or decline across regions with different SDI levels, reflecting complex socioeconomic and healthcare influences. The highest prevalence was found in women aged 40-44 years, with this age group exhibiting the peak prevalence. The cohort effects had the most significant impact in middle-SDI and lower-SDI regions due to disparities in healthcare infrastructure and prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rising global prevalence of cervical cancer highlights the growing challenge this disease presents, particularly in low-resource settings, where significant difficulties remain. Our age-period-cohort analysis highlights significant regional variations, emphasizing the need for enhanced access to HPV vaccination and screening, particularly in lower-SDI regions. This study underscores the critical necessity for global efforts to reduce cervical cancer rates and strengthen preventive healthcare measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis following lamotrigine replacement therapy in a woman planning pregnancy: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Lili Zhang, Pingping Yang, Ying Zhu, Kexin Liu, Zhanxue Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03796-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03796-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lamotrigine is a preferred antiepileptic drug for women with epilepsy planning or undergoing pregnancy, owing to its relatively low teratogenic risk. However, serious adverse reactions, including life-threatening conditions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), can occur.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 33-year-old woman of childbearing age with epilepsy who developed TEN following the initiation of lamotrigine as part of a preconception antiepileptic regimen. The patient presented with high fever, a rapidly spreading erythematous rash, bullae formation, and extensive epidermal detachment. Prompt and comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment led to significant clinical improvement and eventual full recovery. The therapeutic approach included intravenous dexamethasone sodium phosphate, fluid resuscitation, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), oral antihistamines, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and meticulous care of the skin and mucosal surfaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as lamotrigine are crucial for managing epilepsy, they may induce severe skin toxicity, potentially leading to fatal outcomes. Healthcare providers must remain vigilant for early symptoms and intervene promptly to mitigate adverse effects. This case report, alongside a literature review, aims to underscore the importance of comprehensive care throughout the preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum phases for women with epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond anemia: a comprehensive analysis of iron deficiency symptoms in women and their correlation with biomarkers.","authors":"Muhammet Özbilen, Yasemin Kaya","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03906-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03906-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency, the most widespread micronutrient deficiency globally, is especially common among women and seriously impacts their health considerably. The symptom spectrum in non-anemic iron deficiency (NAID) is less well described than in anemic forms. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the diversity and frequency of symptoms in NAID and compare with anemic cases and explore the association of symptoms with biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted on female patients at a university hospital. Patients admitted to the iron deficiency outpatient clinic between March 2021 and August 2022 were analyzed. Patients aged 18 years and older with iron deficiency (ferritin < 30 mcg/L) were included. Iron parameters, hemoglobin levels, and symptoms were included into the dataset, and these independent variables were compared between patient groups categorized as NAID and iron deficiency anemia (IDA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample consisted of 239 patients. The frequencies of IDA and NAID were 70.3% (n = 168) and 29.7% (n = 71), respectively. Forty-one distinct symptoms or symptom groups were documented, ranging from neuropsychiatric to gastrointestinal manifestations. The mean number of symptoms per person was 16.5 (7.03). The top ten most common symptoms were weakness (87.03%), fatigue (82.43%), easy fatigability (78.66%), amnesia (72.38%), feeling cold (71.55%), alopecia (70.29%), cold intolerance (69.04%), sleep problems (66.53%), nervosity (63.18%), and cold foot (59.83%). The IDA group had more diverse symptoms than the NAID group (P <.05). Most of the forty-one symptoms or symptom groups were similar in frequency in the IDA and NAID groups. Only palpitations, cold intolerance, easy fatigability, and unclassifiable group differed between the groups (P <.05). The highest correlation between iron parameters and symptom diversity was transferrin saturation (TSAT) (r=-.229, P <.001). All but three of the positive symptoms showed TSAT levels below 8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms that anemia is not a prerequisite for the majority of iron deficiency symptoms, which are common in non-anemic women. TSAT demonstrates a robust correlation, underscoring its potential as an early diagnostic biomarker. Clinicians must acknowledge various non-specific symptoms irrespective of anemia. Additional research is required to corroborate findings and investigate symptom mechanisms and treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the multifaceted correlates of household decision-making autonomy among married women in Cameroon.","authors":"Daniel Amoak, Yujiro Sano, Satveer Dhillon, George N Chidimbah Munthali, Roger Antabe, Isaac Luginaah","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03914-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03914-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research documents married women's household decision-making autonomy as a critical determinant of a range of sexual and reproductive behaviours in many less developed countries. Despite this importance, however, very few studies explore the prevalence and correlates of women's household decision-making autonomy in countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey, this study employs a binary logistic regression analysis to explore the demographic, locational, and socioeconomic determinants of women's household decision-making autonomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About half of respondents (47%) indicate that they are involved in the decision-making process at the household level. We find that women in polygamous marriages are less likely to be involved in the decision-making process in comparison to their monogamous counterparts (aOR = 0.69, p < 0.001). Similarly, compared to traditional women, Muslim women (aOR = 0.27, p < 0.001) and women with no religious affiliation (aOR = 0.35, p < 0.01) are less likely to be involved in the decision-making process. Also, our analysis shows that married women aged 15-19 (aOR = 0.27, p < 0.001), 20-24 (aOR = 0.43, p < 0.001), 25-29 (aOR = 0.51, p < 0.001), 30-34 (aOR = 0.75, p < 0.01), and 35-39 (aOR = 0.71, p < 0.01) are less likely to be involved in decision-making process in comparison to their counterparts aged 45-49. Finally, poorer, less educated, and unemployed women are less likely to be involved in the decision-making process in comparison to their wealthier, more educated, and employed counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on these findings, policymakers must be cognisant of the household power dynamics in polygamous relationships when implementing programs that promote gender equality and women's autonomy. Furthermore, the government should prioritize initiatives and socioeconomic support programs focusing specifically on marginalized groups. Investing in education and raising awareness about women's rights, gender equality, and the importance of inclusive decision-making can be instrumental in challenging societal attitudes and promoting women's autonomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the future landscape of uterine fibroid research: a comprehensive summary of patient-centered outcome measures and implications.","authors":"Shuhao Yang, Qing Yan, Fei Liu, Wei Yan, Suzhen Yuan, Minli Zhang, Ya Li, Zhangying Wu, Tao Xiang, Wenwen Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03926-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03926-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterine fibroid constitutes a significant burden for affected women and research in this area has increasingly focused on patient-centered outcomes, with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) becoming crucial in related studies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aim to summarize the key aspects and PROMs utilized in previous studies, recommend suitable tools for effective evaluations, and emphasize critical areas for future research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A literature search was conducted in the Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science databases, covering the period from inception through October 2024.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>75 studies met the criteria for inclusion and these studies highlight that PROMs utilized in research associated with uterine fibroids encompass a wide range of evaluations, spanning from quality of life, menstrual details, psychological well-being, pelvic floor conditions, pain intensity, menopause symptoms, to sexual function, body image, and other related assessments. Despite using various PROMs in published studies, current clinical trials on uterine fibroids mainly rely on general questionnaires, employing questionnaires specifically designed for uterine fibroids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By summarizing the research, we provide an overview of existing PROMs for uterine fibroids, revealing a gap due to the lack of specific PROMs. This review contributes to uterine fibroid research by promoting accurate assessments, leading to better treatment options and enhanced patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of micro-, meso-, and macro-level stigma on the uptake of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) among women in the criminal legal system.","authors":"Oluwaseyi Halimat Quadri, Emma Skogseth, Kristina Brant, Abenaa A Jones","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03863-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03863-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in rural communities of Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Uchenna Cosmas Ugwu, Osmond Chukwuemeka Ene","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03928-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03928-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Osteoporosis is a critical yet under-recognized public health issue among aging populations, particularly in resource-limited rural settings. This study assessed the prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding osteoporosis among postmenopausal women in rural communities of Southeast Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted over a period of 10 months, from August 2024 to May 2025 across ten purposely selected rural communities in the five southeastern Nigerian states. A multistage sampling strategy recruited 587 eligible postmenopausal women aged ≥ 51 years. Data were collected using the Osteoporosis Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire (OPKAPQ), a validated tool with high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.84). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed using IBM SPSS v22. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 587 participants (mean age 59.8 years), 68.0% were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Knowledge about osteoporosis was low, with 28.1% demonstrating accurate understanding. Despite this, 63.4% had positive attitudes toward prevention and management. Preventive practices were poor, with only 20.1% engaging in appropriate behaviors. Significant associations were observed between osteoporosis prevalence and age ≥ 60 years (p = 0.011), parity ≤ 5 (p = 0.033), unmarried status (p = 0.020), alcohol use (p = 0.020), tobacco use (p = 0.013), and fracture history (p = 0.022). No significant associations were found with education, occupation, religion, or living arrangement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osteoporosis prevalence among postmenopausal women in Southeast Nigeria is alarmingly high and accompanied by poor knowledge and preventive behaviors. While attitudes toward osteoporosis prevention were positive, these have not translated into effective practices. Community-based health interventions, including education and behavioral change strategies, are urgently needed to address this silent epidemic in rural Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between prior antibiotic use and reduced chlamydia trachomatis infection prevalence: a cross-sectional study in China.","authors":"Lijun Liu, Xuewan Sun, Changchang Li, Shujie Huang, Cheng Wang, Weiming Tang","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03891-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03891-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic use not only can treat chlamydia infection but may also have an impact on chlamydia transmission. This study assessed whether prior antibiotic use was associated with a lower prevalence of chlamydia infection among women in a country with high antibiotic consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 among sexually active women aged 18-44 years in Guangdong Province, China. Participants seeking gynecological care underwent current chlamydia and gonorrhea testing using nucleic acid amplification. Antibiotic use in the past year was self-reported. Logistic regression models assessed the association between prior antibiotic use and the prevalence of chlamydia infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study surveyed 391 participants (average age: 31.5 ± 6.2 years). Among them, 41.2% (161/391) self-reported using at least one antibiotic in the past year, with amoxicillin being the most common. Chlamydia prevalence was 8.2% (32/391), while no gonorrhea cases were detected. After adjusting for age, age at first debut, and engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors, prior use of any antibiotics was associated with a lower prevalence of chlamydia infection (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.95). Among patients who had used the recommended regimens for chlamydia infection (azithromycin, amoxicillin, and/or erythromycin), the prevalence was low (5.3%). It showed a non-significant trend toward reduced prevalence of current chlamydia infection (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recent antibiotic use is prevalent among women attending gynecological clinics in China. Overall, prior antibiotic use showed a trend towards being negatively associated with the prevalence of chlamydia infection. Further investigations in larger studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}