Analysis of the risk factors of chronic endometritis in infertile women.

Objective: To identify if there is a high-risk group for chronic endometritis (CE) in infertile women.

Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted on 209 infertile women with CE and 843 women without. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to examine the risk factors for CE.

Results: The risk of developing CE was found to be 1.8 times higher in multipara than in nullipara (OR = 1.794; 95% CI, 1.216-2.645; P = 0.003), and 1.7 times higher in patients with more than 6 years of infertility than in patients with less than 2 years of infertility (OR = 1.733; 95% CI, 1.040-2.887; P = 0.035). Patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease and endometrial hyperplasia have a 1.7-fold (OR = 1.702; 95% CI, 1.214-2.387; P = 0.002) and 2.2-fold (OR = 2.165; 95% CI, 1.376-3.406; P = 0.001) increased likelihood of developing chronic endometritis, respectively. The possibility of acquiring CE increases by 1.6 times for each increase in the number of deliveries (OR = 1.621; 95% CI, 1.200-2.189; P = 0.002) and 1.1 times for every additional year of infertility (OR = 1.077; 95% CI, 1.032-1.125; P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Based on univariable and multivariable regression analyses, significant risk factors for CE in infertile women include a history of pregnancy, prolonged infertility of more than 6 years, sequelae of pelvic inflammatory diseases, and endometrial hyperplasia. These findings may assist in identifying a high-risk group for CE within the infertile population.