BMC Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"Association between overactive bladder and female sexual frequency: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and nutrition examination survey data.","authors":"Bo Zhang, Yi Gu, Yuanyuan Li, Yiming Chen, Xingliang Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03611-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03611-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overactive bladder (OAB) and female sexual dysfunction (FSD) are both common problems in women, but the association between OAB and FSD lacks a large sample study. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between OAB and FSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this study were obtained from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for women aged 20-59 years. OAB was qualified with the aid of the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), which was obtained by adding the nocturia score and the urge urinary incontinence score, and participants with a total score ≥ 3 were considered to suffer from OAB. The FSD was defined as a sexual frequency of less than 12 times per year. After adjusting for covariates including basic demographic information, social information (e.g., marital status), gynecological (e.g., abnormal menstruation), and significant medical comorbidities, the association between OAB and FSD was assessed using survey-weighted logistic regression mode. In addition, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to further assess the reliability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5590 women aged 20-59 were eligible in the final analysis from 2007 to 2016 NHANES. 30.43% of participants (n = 1701) were identified as FSD reporting sexual frequency of 0-11 times/year, while 69.57% of participants (n = 3889) were identified as normal female sexual function reporting sexual frequency > 11 times/year. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the association between OAB and FSD. The results demonstrated that participants with OAB (OABSS < 3) were 23% more likely to report lower sexual frequency (≤ 11) than those without OAB (OABSS ≥ 3) after adjusting fully for demographics, social history, gynecologic history and significant medical conditions (OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.01-1.49, P = 0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated the positive association between OAB and FSD measured by low sexual frequency among women 20-59 years old in the U.S. population; it is necessary to perform more comprehensive cohort studies to gain more profound understanding of the association between them.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia in single-port access laparoscopic adnexal surgery: a propensity score matching study.","authors":"Kyung Jin Eoh, Jung Hwan Ahn, Ji Sun Park, Sun Hwa Park, Yeon Seo Cho, Seung Woo Song, Kyoung-Hee Han, San-Hui Lee","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03604-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03604-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of spinal anesthesia as an alternative to general anesthesia in single-port access (SPA) laparoscopic adnexal surgeries. 110 patients were recruited and, after propensity score matching, 63 (general anesthesia: 42, spinal anesthesia: 21) were analyzed. During surgery, the Trendelenburg position was limited to 15°, and CO2 pressure maintained at 8-12 mmHg. Postoperative pain and nausea/vomiting scores were assessed up to 48 h post-surgery. No significant differences in patient characteristics were noted between groups. Immediately postoperative, the spinal anesthesia group showed significantly lower pain scores (4.74 ± 1.48 in spinal anesthesia vs. 0.67 ± 0.66 in general anesthesia; p <.001) and nausea/vomiting scores (p =.027). Intraoperative hypotension occurred in both groups (28.6% in spinal anesthesia vs. 33.3% in general anesthesia; p =.774) and was managed with ephedrine. No other intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted. Conclusively, spinal anesthesia is a viable and safe option for SPA laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy, effectively reducing immediate postoperative pain and nausea/vomiting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with post-abortion contraceptive uptake at Mbagala Hospital, Temeke, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Sadick Zephania Temu, Charles Kilewo, Sia E Msuya, David H Mvunta","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03570-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03570-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The uptake of modern contraceptives post-abortion care bridges the gap of unmet need for modern contraceptives which can reduce the rate of unintended pregnancies and recurrent abortion, thus improving women's health. Studies have demonstrated variations in the uptake of modern contraceptives, even within the same country.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the factors associated with the uptake of modern contraceptive methods among women who received care at a comprehensive post-abortion care (cPAC) unit at Mbagala Hospital in Temeke, Dar es Salaam.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study involving 234 post-abortion women was conducted at Mbagala Hospital in Temeke, Dar es Salaam, from October 2020 to March 2021. The convenient sampling technique was employed to collect data using a pretested structured questionnaire. Subsequently, the data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Version 23. A Chi-square test with a significance level set at P-value < 0.2 was used to test associations, and multivariable analysis was employed to identify independent factors associated with the uptake of modern contraceptives, with a P-value of less than 0.05 being significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The uptake of modern contraceptives post-abortion was 67% among 234 post-abortion women, with the most commonly used method being injectable (35.9%). Higher uptake of modern contraceptives was observed in those aged 15 to 19 years with an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 5.97 (95% CI 1.24-28.58), and in those aged 20 to 24 years, with an AOR of 3.55 (95%CI 1.54-8.18). Self-employed individuals also showed higher uptake with an AOR of 2.59 (95%CI 1.13-5.91). On the other hand, nulliparous and primiparous women were less likely to use modern contraceptives, with AORs of 0.12 (95%CI 0.02-0.60) and 0.22 (95% CI 0.16-1.70), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>All the women who attended the clinic for post-abortion care received counseling on contraceptive methods, and two-thirds of the women (67%) received modern contraceptives as part of post-abortion care. However, there was a missed opportunity to prevent unwanted pregnancies in 33% of the women who received care. Greater efforts should be made to reach out to women (aged 25 years or older), self-employed, and women with four or more children in order to increase the uptake rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of scales measuring individual, nursing unit, hospital, and community factors related to fertility intentions of female Japanese hospital nurses.","authors":"Kiyoko Abe, Mayumi Nitta, Kuniko Chiba, Sachiko Tsujita, Yukiko Takada, Miki Sasaki, Mamiko Furuya","doi":"10.1186/s12905-024-03460-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-024-03460-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scales that comprehensively measure individual, workplace, and community factors related to fertility intentions of women are limited. This study examined the psychometric properties of scales measuring individual (nurse, husband/partner, and child), nursing unit, hospital, and community factors related to fertility intentions of female Japanese hospital nurses. We focused on these nurses because nursing is a gendered profession, and over 90% of nurses in Japan are women. Furthermore, Japanese hospital nurses differ from other female workers in several ways (e.g., professionality, working shifts, financial remuneration).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a methodological study. Data were collected using a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey. Data from 898 Japanese female hospital nurses (age range, 20-49 years) from 50 hospitals were analyzed. The initial scales were developed through semi-structured interviews, a literature review, an expert review, and a pilot study. Item analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed, Cronbach's α was calculated, and known group validity was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The following individual factor scales were obtained: a 12-item, four-domain nurse factor (Economic Needs, Timing of Life Events, Nursing Aspirations, and Career Development) scale, a six-item, two-domain husband/partner factor (Share of Housework and Childcare and Relationship with Husband/Partner) scale, and a three-item, one-domain child factor scale. Likewise, we identified a 13-item, four-domain nursing unit factor (Guilty Feelings toward Colleagues, Unit Nurse Manager's Management, Workability, and Collegiality) scale, a nine-item, three-domain hospital factor (Access to Legal Rights, Support for Mothers, and Comfort in Hospitals) scale, and a six-item, two-domain community factor (Governmental Family Support and Culture of Working Women) scale. Except for the child factor scale, the comparative fit index was > 0.950, and the root mean square error of approximation was < 0.070. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.590 (community factor scale) to 0.807 (child factor scale). The scores on the nurse, husband/partner, and hospital factor scales were significantly higher for nurses with high than with low fertility intentions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support the reliability and validity of the nurse, husband/partner, and hospital factor scales. The child, nursing unit, and community factor scales can be further improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of progestogens on RAAS - a systematic review.","authors":"Adrian Singer, Katharina Tropschuh, Marc von Gernler, Claire Decrinis, Petra Stute","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03587-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03587-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Progestogens, synthetic analogues of progesterone, are widely used in clinical practice for contraception, hormone replacement therapy, and the management of gynecological disorders. Understanding the specific impacts of different progestogens on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is crucial due to their potential effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review aims to synthesize existing research on the effects of various progestogens on the RAAS and associated clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive search of databases up to the search date, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and qualitative studies. The NIH Study Quality Assessment Tool for Controlled Intervention Studies was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved through discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two studies on drospirenone (DRSP) were the most extensively investigated, showing either decreased or unchanged blood pressure (BP), mostly unchanged serum sodium, and an increased risk of hyperkalemia only in patients with mild renal impairment. Sixteen studies on norethindrone (NET/NETA) presented conflicting results on BP and a higher risk of hyperkalemia. Other progestogens, such as levonorgestrel (LNG) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), showed varied effects on RAAS parameters. Notably, changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone, and angiotensin II levels were inconsistent across different progestogens and study designs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effects of progestogens on the RAAS are complex and varied, influenced by the type of progestogen, dosage, and combination with estrogen. While some progestogens like DRSP may offer benefits in BP management with minimal electrolyte disturbances, others like NET/NETA might require more careful monitoring due to their associated risks. These findings highlight the importance of personalized medicine approaches in the use of progestogens, tailored to individual patient characteristics and specific hormonal profiles. Further research with standardized methodologies is needed to clarify these effects and guide clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of social role strain, psychological resources and perceiving diabetes as a priority with self-care in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Ummi Azmira Ahmad Azam, Syahnaz Mohd Hashim, Zuhra Hamzah, Norfazilah Ahmad","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03600-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03600-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has increased globally and a significant number of Malaysian women are being affected by this disease. Self-care plays a vital role in improving glycemic control and preventing complications. However, women with diabetes face barriers to practising good self-care. This study aimed to determine factors associated with self-care in women with T2DM: social role strain, psychological resources (problem-focused coping and social support) and perception of diabetes as a priority.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among women with T2DM between January and April 2023 in a public primary care clinic in Seremban, Malaysia. The study instrument consists of the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA), scale for Measuring Role Strain in Women with Diabetes, problem-focused coping from brief COPE, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and an item to assess the perception of diabetes as a priority.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 346 women participated in the study (mean age = 60.67, SD = 10.12). Most were elderly (60.4%), Indian (48.3%), had low education (80.6%) and from lower income (70.8%). The mean score for self-care was 2.81 (SD 0.80) days, indicating a suboptimal level. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that higher income (β = 0.82, [95% CI 0.04, 1.59], p = 0.039), problem-focused coping (β = 0.47,[95% CI 0.03, 0.06],p < 0.001), and perceiving diabetes as a priority (β = 0.04, [95% CI 0.004, 0.09], p = 0.031) were positively associated with self-care. Meanwhile, older age (β= -0.02, [95% CI -0.03, -0.01], p < 0.001), low education (β = -0.25, [95% CI -0.03, -0.01], p = 0.007) and social role strain (β = -0.02, [95% CI -0.03, -0.01], p = 0.003) were negatively associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlighted that women with a higher social role strain, older age and low education have poor self-care. In contrast, those with higher income, utilising problem-focused coping and prioritising diabetes, exhibit better self-care. Interventions for women with T2DM should focus on assisting them to alleviate their social role strain and develop their coping skills. Additionally, involving family in the intervention would help women prioritise self-care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of full antenatal care among Scheduled Caste mothers in India, 2015-2021.","authors":"Vineet Kumar, Aditya Singh, Harpreet Singh, Sumit Ram, Ananya Kundu, Sourav Chowdhury","doi":"10.1186/s12905-024-03491-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-024-03491-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite the well-documented benefits of full ANC- which includes at least four visits starting in the first trimester, two or more tetanus shots, and over 100 days of iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation coverage remains alarmingly low, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged Scheduled Caste (SC) mothers. However, there is a dearth of research focusing specifically on this population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the change in the coverage of full ANC and its determinants among SC mothers in India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using data from the two latest rounds of the National Family Health Survey (2015-16 and 2019-21), a pooled sample of 51,705 SC mothers was analysed. Bivariate statistics was used to assess the significance of association between full ANC utilisation and the independent characteristics. Furthermore, to investigates the net effect of the predictor variables on the receipt of full ANC, multivariable binary logistic regression was applied.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The coverage of full ANC in India increased from 20.7% in 2015-16 to 26.9% in 2019-21. While there were substantial gains in the coverage of ANC within the 1st trimester (68.4-74.8%) and IFA (39.1-48.6%), the coverage of two or more tetanus toxoid injections (87.1-85.2%) and 4 or more ANC visits (63.6-62.4%) registered a slight decline. Among the states, West Bengal (16.4% in NFHS-4 to 45.1% in NFHS-5) experienced the largest gain, while Gujarat had the lowest increase, 41.2% in NFHS-4 to 40.9% in NFHS-5. In South India, Kerala (59.9-75.4%) and Tamil Nadu (35.8-56.1%) saw substantial increases of 15-20 percentage points (PP), whereas Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh experienced marginal declines of 1-3PP. Rajasthan (10.0-21.0%), Madhya Pradesh (11.3-27.2%), Uttarakhand (8.7-21.4%), and Odisha (18.7-40.1%) witnessed substantial gains of 11-22 PP, while Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh had more modest increases of 1-5 PP. Mothers aged 40-44 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.61-2.95), those with higher education (1.64, 1.44-1.87), and those from rich households (1.49, 1.34-1.66) were significantly more likely to receive full ANC compared to women aged 15-19 years, those with no education, and those from poor households, respectively. Similarly, women residing in the southern region (2.19, 1.99-2.41) and those with high exposure to mass media (1.53, 1.38-1.69) were more likely to receive full ANC compared to women residing in the northern region and those with no exposure to mass media, respectively. Conversely, multiparous mothers (0.57, 0.52-0.63) and women residing in rural areas (0.88, 0.81-0.95) were less likely to receive full ANC compared to women with only one parity and those residing in urban areas, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;While national coverage of full ANC has improved, significant gaps remain, particularly in states in northern, central, and nor","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Reproductive factors and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in American women: NHANES 2003-2018.","authors":"Yufeng Yan, Hongjing Lu, Song Lin, Yaguo Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03609-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03609-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants underlying teenager's accessibility to contraceptive methods and HIV preventive measures in Rwamagana district, Rwanda.","authors":"Ntezumwami Alain Rumenge, Miriam Batamuriza, Immaculée Benimana, Emmanuel Bikorimana, Sylvestre Gasurira, Amani Mukiza, Julie Buser","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03591-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03591-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Rwanda, despite significant political achievements in women's empowerment and efforts to eliminate child sexual abuse, the rate of teenage pregnancy remains high. Increased access to and use of contraceptive methods could reduce the rates of teenage pregnancy and HIV infection.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to identify sociodemographic characteristics of secondary school teenagers, factors influencing their access to contraceptive methods and HIV preventive services, the components of the theory of planned behaviour that underlie teenagers' access to these services, and propose strategies for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional design was used in this study. A multistage sampling strategy with a simple random technique was employed to select 374 female students as participants. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire composed of closed-ended questions with Likert scale constructs based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A multiple logistic regression analysis shows that participants aged 18-20 are more than twice as likely to use contraceptive methods or HIV preventive measures compared to those aged 13-15 (OR = 2.876, P = 0.041, 95% CI = 1.974-4.052). Urban participants are also more than twice as likely to use contraceptives or HIV preventive methods compared to those whose schools are in rural areas (OR = 2.333, P = 0.037, 95% CI = 1.261-4.316). Female students in Senior 6 are more than three times as likely to use contraceptive methods or HIV preventive measures compared to those in Senior 1 (OR = 3.444, P = 0.032, 95% CI = 2.544-6.884). Participants who intend to have sex at an older age had a 24.9% reduction in the odds of using a contraceptive method or HIV preventive measures (OR = 0.751, P = 0.033, 95% CI = 0.352-0.977). Friends of respondents also influence contraceptive use (OR = 0.611, P = 0.043, 95% CI = 0.252-0.917). Participants with contraceptive knowledge are three times more likely to use contraceptives or HIV preventive methods compared to those with less contraceptive knowledge (OR = 3.096, P = 0.011, 95% CI = 1.150-6.803) CONCLUSION: Area of residence, age, friendships, and knowledge of contraceptive methods and HIV preventive measures are the determinants underlying early sexual activity among teenagers. One of the biggest challenges is the level of sex education, which remains a taboo topic in Rwandan culture. It is still difficult for parents to discuss sex directly with their children. We recommend further studies to focus on teenage non-scholars while conducting similar research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of vaginal suppositories containing combination of Natamycin and Lactulose in treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis: international, randomized, controlled, superiority clinical trial (combination of Natamycin and Lactulose for treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis).","authors":"Oksana N Volkova, Elena V Amel'chenko, Oksana V Makeeva, Sergey A Tolmachev, Ekaterina A Lesovaya, Lefteris C Zacharia, Alexander V Dikovskiy","doi":"10.1186/s12905-025-03616-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12905-025-03616-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Natamycin + Lactulose vaginal suppositories (100 mg natamycin and 300 mg lactulose) (AVVA RUS JSC, Russia) in adult females with vulvovaginal candidiasis.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>An international, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded clinical trial enrolled 218 females randomly distributed into three groups: Natamycin + Lactulose (92 patients), Lactulose (36 patients), and Pimafucin® (90 patients). The study drug and comparator drugs had an identical dosing regimen (one suppository intravaginally once a day at bedtime for six days). The study involved four visits to the study site with examination at Visits 2 and 3. The fixed-dose combination of Natamycin + Lactulose was superior to both comparator drugs in terms of the primary efficacy endpoint defined as the percentage of patients achieving a clinical recovery: the absence of symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis. At Visit 2, clinical recovery was reported in 81.6% of females in the Natamycin + Lactulose group compared to 42.9% and 62.3% of patients in the Lactulose and Pimafucin groups, respectively. The difference in proportions was 38.8% and 18.4%. In the Natamycin + Lactulose group, microscopic recovery was observed in 75.9% of patients at Visit 2 and in 90.8% of patients at Visit 3. In the Lactulose group, 45.7% and 74.3% subjects responded positively at Visits 2 and 3. In Pimafucin group, microscopic recovery was reported in 71.3% and 88.5% of patients at Visits 2 and 3, respectively, while no differences were observed between the Natamycin + Lactulose and Pimafucin groups at both visits. At Visit 3, the number of vaginal lactobacilli was significantly higher in the Natamycin + Lactulose group. In females with the low baseline content of vaginal lactobacilli, the combination drug under investigation increased the vaginal lactobacilli content to the reference values in 15.4% and 20.9% of patients at Visit 2 and Visit 3, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The fixed-dose combination Natamycin + Lactulose 100 mg + 300 mg vaginal suppositories (AVVA RUS JSC, Russia) demonstrated superior efficacy compared to 1) Pimafucin 100 mg and 2) Lactulose 300 mg vaginal suppositories in adult females with vulvovaginal candidiasis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT06411314, retrospectively registered on May, the 13th, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":9204,"journal":{"name":"BMC Women's Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}