BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Genetic diversity analysis and core germplasm construction of tea plants in Lu'an.","authors":"Yan Wang, Huanyun Peng, Xiaoyan Tong, Xiaoyuan Ding, Cheng Song, Teng Ma, Haohao Wang, Wang Wei, Cunwu Chen, Junyan Zhu, Dong Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06216-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06216-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lu'an, as one of the two major tea-producing areas in Anhui Province, has a long history of tea planting and rich tea germplasm resources. However, the genetic diversity and population structure of local tea plants are still unclear. In order to better protect and utilize tea germplasm resources in Lu'an, 217 tea accessions from six geographical origins were used to assess genetic diversity of Lu'an tea plant germplasm through double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 306,320 high quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained. Population structure, phylogenetic relationships and principal component analysis (PCA) divided the entire population into three groups. The genetic diversity and population differentiation analysis showed that the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.06 ∼ 0.17, average nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.13 ∼ 0.26, and pairwise fixation index (Fst) was 0.01 ∼ 0.15. In addition, a core tea germplasm set composed of 50 tea germplasm sets was established.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that the germplasm resources of the Lu'an tea plants exhibit significant genetic diversity. A core germplasm sets for the Lu'an tea plants has been established, which effectively represents the genetic diversity of the entire tea germplasm collection. This study provided the basis for genetic research, germplasm protection and breeding of tea plants in Lu'an.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive characterization of poplar HSP20 gene family: genome-wide identification, stress-induced expression profiling, and protein interaction verifications.","authors":"Lincui Shi, Yude Kang, Ling Ding, Liejia Xu, Xiaojiao Liu, Anmin Yu, Aizhong Liu, Ping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06264-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06264-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heat shock proteins (HSP20s) are crucial components in plant stress responses, acting as molecular chaperones to safeguard cellular integrity and prevent abnormal protein aggregation. While extensive research has been conducted on HSP20s in various plant species, limited information is available regarding the HSP20 protein family in poplar (Populus yunnanensis), a species of significant ecological and economic importance native to southwestern China.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To elucidate the distribution, structural features, and functional characteristics of HSP20 proteins in P. yunnanensis, a combination of bioinformatics tools and experimental validation was utilized. A total of 53 PyHSP20s were identified within the P. yunnanensis genome and classified into 12 subfamilies: CI, CII, CIII, CIV, CV, CVI, CVII, MI, MII, ER, CP, and Px containing 24, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 14, 3, 1, 1, 2, and 1 HSP20 proteins, respectively. Classification was based on subcellular localization and phylogenetic relationships, revealing subfamilies with varying exon-intron structures and conserved motifs. The 3D structures analysis showed significant differentiation, with the CI subfamily PyHSP20s exhibiting 8 β-sheets, compared to 7 β-sheets in other subfamilies. Additionally, the N-terminal arms displayed heterogeneity in length and sequence. The 53 PyHSP20s were unevenly distributed across 15 chromosomes, with tandem segmental duplications explaining the expansion of subfamilies, particularly CI, CV, CVI, and CVII. The analysis of cis-elements associated with stress response and hormone regulation underscored the critical role of PyHSP20 in stress adaptation. Expression profiling via database analysis and qRT-PCR confirmed the responsiveness of PyHSP20s to multiple stressors, including salt, mannitol, drought, heat, and abscisic acid (ABA). Furthermore, Yeast Two-Hybrid (Y2H) assays demonstrated potential regulatory interactions between PyHSP20s and other functional proteins involved in stress responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the classification, structural differentiation, and functional roles of PyHSP20s in P. yunnanensis, thereby establishing a foundation for future functional investigations into this protein family.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamic regulatory network of stamens and pistils in papaya.","authors":"Tao Xiang, Yating Zhu, Yang Wang, Xi Chen, Zhibin Zhang, Juan Lai, Ping Zhou, Ray Ming, Jingjing Yue","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06242-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06242-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Papaya exhibits three sex types: female (XX), male (XY), and hermaphrodite (XY^h), making it an unusual trioecious model for studying sex determination. A critical aspect of papaya sex determination is the pistil abortion in male flowers. However, the regulatory networks that control the development of pistils and stamens in papaya remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we identified three organ-specific clusters involved in papaya pistils and stamens development. We found that pistil development is primarily characterized by the significant expression of auxin-related genes, while the pistil abortion genes in males is mainly associated with cytokinin, gibberellin, and auxin pathways. Additionally, we constructed expression regulatory networks for the development of female pistils, aborted pistils and stamens in male flowers, revealing key regulatory genes and signaling pathways involved in papaya organ development. Furthermore, we systematically identified 65 members of the MADS-box gene family and 10 ABCDE subfamily MADS-box genes in papaya. By constructing a phylogenetic tree of the ABCDE subfamily, we uncovered gene contraction and expansion in papaya, providing an improved understanding of the developmental mechanisms and evolutionary history of papaya floral organs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide a robust framework for identifying candidate sex-determining genes and constructing the sex determination regulatory network in papaya, providing insights and genomic resources for papaya breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The viscoelastic properties of Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cell lines adapted to high osmolarity.","authors":"Tomasz Skrzypczak, Mikołaj Pochylski, Magdalena Rapp, Przemysław Wojtaszek, Anna Kasprowicz-Maluśki","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06232-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06232-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To survive and grow, plant cells must regulate the properties of their cellular microenvironment in response to ever changing external factors. How the biomechanical balance across the cell's internal structures is established and maintained during environmental variations remains a nurturing question. To provide insight into this issue we used two micro-mechanical imaging techniques, namely Brillouin light scattering and BODIPY-based molecular rotors Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging, to study Nicotiana tabacum suspension BY-2 cells long-term adapted to high concentrations of NaCl and mannitol. The molecular crowding in cytoplasm and vacuoles was examined, as well as tension in plasma membrane. To understand how sudden changes in osmolarity affect cellular mechanics, the response of the control and the already adapted cells to further short-term osmotic stimulus was also examined. The viscoelasticity of protoplasts is altered differently during adaptation processes compared to responses to sudden hyperosmolarity stress. The applied correlative approach provides evidence that adaptation to hyperosmotic stress leads to different ratios of protoplast and environmental qualities that help to maintain cell integrity. The viscoelastic properties of protoplasts are an element of plant cells long-term adaptation to high osmolarity. Moreover, such adaptation has an impact on the response to the hyperosmolarity stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Identifcation and functional analyses of drought stress resistance genes by transcriptomics of the Mongolian grassland plant Chloris virgata.","authors":"Ganbayar Namuunaa, Baldorj Bujin, Ayumi Yamagami, Byambajav Bolortuya, Shintaro Kawabata, Hirotaka Ogawa, Asaka Kanatani, Minami Shimizu, Anzu Minami, Keiichi Mochida, Takuya Miyakawa, Bekh-Ochir Davaapurev, Tadao Asami, Javzan Batkhuu, Takeshi Nakano","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06260-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06260-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletions of FvMYB46 in Fragaria vesca reveal its role in regulation of fruit set and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.","authors":"Arti Rai, Magne Nordang Skårn, Abdelhameed Elameen, Torstein Tengs, Mathias Rudolf Amundsen, Oskar S Bjorå, Lisa K Haugland, Igor A Yakovlev, May Bente Brurberg, Tage Thorstensen","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-06041-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-06041-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phenylpropanoid pathway, regulated by transcription factors of the MYB family, produces secondary metabolites that play important roles in fertilization and early phase of fruit development. The MYB46 transcription factor is a key regulator of secondary cell wall structure, lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis in many plants, but little is known about its activity in flowers and berries in F. vesca. For functional analysis of FvMYB46, we designed a CRISPR-Cas9 construct with an endogenous F. vesca-specific U6 promoter for efficient and specific expression of two gRNAs targeting the first exon of FvMYB46. This generated mutants with an in-frame 81-bp deletion of the first conserved MYB domain or an out-of-frame 82-bp deletion potentially knocking out gene function. In both types of mutant plants, pollen germination and fruit set were significantly reduced compared to wild type. Transcriptomic analysis of flowers revealed that FvMYB46 positively regulates the expression of genes involved in processes like xylan biosynthesis and metabolism, homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phenylpropanoid pathway, including secondary cell wall biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis. Genes regulating carbohydrate metabolism and signalling were also deregulated, suggesting that FvMYB46 might regulate the crosstalk between carbohydrate metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. In the FvMYB46-mutant flowers, the flavanol and flavan-3-ol contents, especially epicatechin, quercetin-glucoside and kaempferol-3-coumaroylhexoside, were reduced, and we observed a local reduction in the lignin content in the anthers. Together, these results suggest that FvMYB46 controls fertility and efficient fruit set by regulating the cell wall structure, flavonoid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and sugar and ROS signalling in flowers and early fruit development in F. vesca.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon application improves tomato yield and nutritional quality.","authors":"Boyi He, Yuxuan Wei, Yongqi Wang, Yanting Zhong, Meng Fan, Qinyi Gong, Sibo Lu, Mahmood Ul Hassan, Xuexian Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06249-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06249-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Silicon (Si) is a beneficial nutrient well-known for its functions in enhancing plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. How Si application affects tomato yield and quality and underlying physiological mechanisms remain largely unclear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our pot experiment showed that Si application (45 kg ha⁻¹ Na₂SiO₃) significantly promoted accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and Si in the shoot of soil-cultured tomato in the greenhouse. Such improved mineral nutrition favored Si-applied plant performance in terms of plant height, stem diameter, single fruit weight, and yield, as indicated by significant increases of 11.34%, 53.57%, 62.12%, and 33.81%, respectively, when compared to the control (0 kg ha⁻¹ Na₂SiO₃). Higher catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in contrast to lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in the fruit suggested that Si application facilitated plant health. Importantly, Si upregulated expression of phytoene synthase and carotenoid isomerase and enhanced corresponding enzyme activities, resulting in higher lycopene concentrations in the fruit. Si also stimulated expression of vitamin C synthesis genes (GDP-D-mannose-3', 5'-isomerase, GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase, dehydroascorb-ate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase) for higher levels of vitamin C accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Si promoted tomato health, yield, and nutritional quality at the physiological and molecular level, favoring quality fruit production towards sustainable agricultural development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global overview of transcriptome dynamics during the late stage of flower bud development in Camellia oleifera.","authors":"Huiyun Song, Zhihao Duan, Heqiang Huo, Xiaoling Wang, Yujuan Wang, Junhui Chen, Liang Jin, Mengfei Lin","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06201-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06201-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Camellia oleifera Abel., recognized as a significant oil plant, is of immense potential health and economic value. Due to the self-incompatibility of C. oleifera, pollination relies on cross-pollination from other flowers. Additionally, the asynchronous flowering periods of individual plants result in low fruit set and yield, which limits the broader cultivation and utilization of this species. The study investigated the dynamic changes and regulatory patterns of different tissues within flower buds from flower bud development to flowering, employing a multi-faceted approach that included cellular dissection, analysis of hormone content, and transcriptome analysis. This study demonstrates that ABA and SA, rather than GA₃, IAA, ZT, acts as potentially effective endogenous agents to promote flowering in the later stages of flower development, which is a critical period for the maturation of pollen and embryo sacs; while ZT plays a more significant role in the early stages of flower bud development. Transcriptome analysis indicated that C.oleifera primarily regulates the late stages of flower bud development via regulating genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism in petals, monoterpene synthesis and ABC transporters in pistils and stamens. WGCNA identified four key modules associated with the development of stamens and pistils in the late stage of C.oleifera flower buds, and also screened out key core genes, including CoBMY7/8, CoTPP6/10, and CoG8H7/11, which are involved in the regulation of flowering time. These findings enhance our understanding of the developmental changes in stamens, pistils, and petals during the flower bud development of C. oleifera. Moreover, they provide a foundation for manipulating flowering time and improving fruit set by regulating the expression of key genes in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential impact of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in promoting seed oil content, vitamin C and antioxidant activity in rosehip (Rosa canina L.).","authors":"Yasaman Mashhadi Tafreshi, Ghasem Eghlima, Mehrnaz Hatami, Mahnaz Vafadar","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06251-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06251-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) is a perennial medicinal plant from the Rosaceae family. Due to its important bioactive compounds and oil, its use in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries is expanding. As elicitation is an effective strategy for the production of secondary metabolites and oil, this study aimed to investigate the exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 1, 2, and 3 mM) and jasmonic acid (JA) (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM) on the accumulation and production of oil, the profile of seed fatty acids, as well as the content of phenolic acids, vitamin C, total carotenoid, anthocyanin, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of rosehip pericarp. Based on the results, applying SA and JA externally increased the seed oil content by 32.57% compared to the control. The treatment of 3 mM SA and 1.5 mM JA resulted in the highest (11.68%) seed oil content. Eicosanoic acid and palmitic acid production increased under this treatment, while the amount of linoleic acid decreased as the concentrations of SA and JA increased. There was a significant increase in the amount of phenolic acids in rosehip pericarp extract under the influence of SA and JA treatments. Spraying with 3 mM SA and 1.5 mM JA increased vitamin C content and total phenol content by 50.44% and 39.13%, respectively, compared to the control. Additionally, the treatment of 2 mM SA and 1.5 mM JA resulted in the highest total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and total carotenoid. These results suggest that using appropriate concentrations of SA and JA as biodegradable, fast, and cost-effective stimulants can be a suitable solution for increasing the production of seed oil content and secondary metabolites of rosehip extract on a large scale, supplying raw material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomics provides insights into dynamic changes of aromatic profile during flue-curing process in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves.","authors":"Ruiqi Wang, Binghui Zhang, Gang Gu, Jianfeng Lin, Wenwei Zhang, Dongwang He, Fei Wang, Liao Jin, Xiaofang Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06273-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06273-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a globally crop due to its distinctive flavor and economic value. In this study, we systematically analyzed the dynamic changes in volatile substances, broad-spectrum metabolites, enzymes, and biochemical compounds in tobacco leaves during flue-curing process. Combining metabolomics with enzyme activity and biochemical analysis, we identified that 43℃ is a critical period for enzyme activity and metabolite transitions, while 45 ℃ requires stringent moisture control. During the T3 stages, phenolic acids, amino acids, and derivatives were notably enriched, with increases of 19.58-fold, 18.59-fold, and 17.33-fold in lmmn001643, MWS20633g, and Lmhn004756, respectively. These compounds may serve as candidate biomarkers for non-volatile compounds. Aroma dynamics primarily contributed to the green and sweet flavor of flue-cured tobacco leaves, and the key aroma components included D114, KMW1317, and KMW0466. Differential volatile and non-volatile metabolites were enriched in four pathways, including monoterpenoid biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These pathways are closely related to phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and the synthesis of chlorogenic acid and rutin, which influence the aroma quality, aroma intensity, irritation, and volatility of tobacco. Additionally, the contents of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and PAL activity in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, increased with the rising temperature, accelerating reactions with alcohols and leading to increase lignin formation. This study enhances our understanding of the dynamic changes in the aroma and metabolic substances of Cuibi 1(CB-1) at the critical stages of the curing process and offers valuable insights for process improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}