BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Field and biochemical evaluation of glyphosate tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) mutants developed through induced mutagenesis.","authors":"Mariam Ilyas, Amjad Hameed, Tariq Mahmud Shah","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05733-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05733-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Weed control in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is challenging due to narrow genetic base of available germplasm and limited herbicide options. In this view, present research was focused on induced mutagenesis in chickpea for development of herbicide (glyphosate) tolerant mutants and subsequent screening under field conditions. Further, objective was to analyze the defence response and biochemical adjustments in selected glyphosate tolerant chickpea mutants. Initially, 376 chickpea mutants (M₆ populations developed through EMS and gamma rays) were screened for glyphosate tolerance under filed conditions and scored on a 1 to 5 scale based on plant injury related traits. Among tested mutants, 40 were found highly tolerant (score = 5), 32 as tolerant (score = 4) and 20 as highly sensitive (score = 1) to glyphosate. Chickpea mutants with variable glyphosate tolerance also differed significantly (Tukey test, p < 0.05) in leaf biochemical profiles. For instant, lowest total oxidant status (4175.µM/g f. wt.) was detected in glyphosate tolerant mutant developed from desi chickpea genotype \"D3009\" using 0.3% EMS and in highly tolerant mutant (1775. µM/g f. wt.) developed from kabuli genotype \"K709\" using 0.2% EMS. In general, highly tolerant chickpea mutants exhibited highest antioxidant potential (SOD, POD, CAT, TAC) that contributed in glyphosate tolerance. Desi i.e. D1M1HT-2 and Kabuli i.e. KM3HT-2 type mutants with highest seed yield had maximum catalase activity (4200 Units/g f. wt and 540 Units/g f. wt.). Mutants developed from desi type genotypes were comparably superior to mutants derive from Kabuli in terms of herbicide tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanochitosan-encapsulated melatonin: an eco-friendly strategy to delay petal senescence in cut gerbera flowers.","authors":"Hanifeh SeyedHajizadeh, Ali FarajiChelanolya, Seyed Morteza Zahedi, Ali Moghadam, Gholamreza Mahdavinia, Ozkan Kaya","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05725-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05725-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The preservation of cut flowers, particularly Gerbera jamesonii, is crucial for maintaining their aesthetic value and extending vase life in the floriculture industry. To address this challenge, this study investigated the effects of melatonin (Mel) and encapsulated melatonin with nanochitosan (nCS-Mel) as preservative solutions on cut Gerbera jamesonii cv. 'Terra kalina' flowers. In research, we examined various physiological and biochemical parameters, including relative water content, membrane stability index, carbohydrate content, and antioxidant enzyme activities, to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments in prolonging the vase life and quality of cut gerbera flowers under controlled environmental conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our results demonstrated that cut Gerbera jamesonii flowers maintained in vase solutions containing 0.1 and 0.5 mM nCS-Mel exhibited enhanced preservation of cell membrane integrity and anthocyanin content, while also maintaining higher levels of carbohydrates and total flavonoids in petals at the conclusion of their vase life. A decline in petal relative water content and protein levels was observed concomitantly with petal senescence, whereas total phenolic compounds showed an increase. The hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) content in petals exhibited an upward trend during vase life in control specimens, but this effect was mitigated in treatments containing melatonin. Although malondialdehyde (MDA) content generally increased throughout the vase life period, flowers subjected to either Mel or nCS-Mel treatments displayed reduced MDA accumulation. The activity of catalase (CAT) demonstrated an increasing trend during vase life, with the maximum activity observed in Gerbera flowers treated with 0.1 mM nCS-Mel. A similar upward trend was noted for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, with flowers in 0.5 mM nCS-Mel treatment exhibiting peak SOD values on day 12 relative to control and other treatments. Peroxidase (POD) activity also increased across all treatments, with particularly pronounced effects in vase solutions containing 0.1 mM Mel and nCS-Mel. Notably, flowers placed in vase solutions containing 0.1 mM nCS-Mel, followed by 0.5 mM nCS-Mel and 0.1 mM Mel, exhibited the most prolonged vase life, extending up to 12, 10.66, and 10.33 days, respectively, under room temperature conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The application of nanoencapsulated melatonin as a vase solution for cut Gerbera jamesonii flowers demonstrates significant potential in extending vase life and maintaining flower quality through enhanced preservation of cellular integrity, antioxidant activity, and biochemical parameters. This innovative approach not only outperforms conventional treatments but also presents a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional antimicrobial preservatives and sugars, offering a promising solution for the floriculture industry to","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The tale of two Ions Na⁺ and Cl^-: unraveling onion plant responses to varying salt treatments.","authors":"M L Romo-Pérez, C H Weinert, B Egert, S E Kulling, C Zörb","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05719-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05719-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exploring the adaptive responses of onions (Allium cepa L.) to salinity reveals a critical challenge for this salt-sensitive crop. While previous studies have concentrated on the effects of sodium (Na⁺), this research highlights the substantial yet less-explored impact of chloride (Cl^-) accumulation. Two onion varieties were subjected to treatments with different sodium and chloride containing salts to observe early metabolic responses without causing toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial effects of salinity on onions showed increased concentrations of both ions, with Cl^- having a more pronounced impact on metabolic profiles than Na⁺. Onions initially adapt to salinity by first altering their organic acid concentrations, which are critical for essential functions such as energy production and stress response. The landrace Birnförmige exhibited more effective regulation of its Na⁺/K⁺ balance and a milder response to Cl^- compared to the hybrid Hytech. Metabolic alterations were analyzed using advanced techniques, revealing specific responses in leaves and bulbs to Cl^- accumulation, with significant changes observed in organic acids involved in the TCA cycle, such as fumaric acid, and succinic acid, in both varieties. Additionally, there was a variety-specific increase in ethanolamine in Birnförmige and lysine in Hytech in response to Cl^- accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive study offers new insights into onion ion regulation and stress adaptation during the initial stages of salinity exposure, emphasizing the importance of considering both Na⁺ and Cl^- when assessing plant responses to salinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal that GA3ox regulates the dwarf trait in mango (Mangifera indica L.).","authors":"Yu Zhang, Xinhua Pang, Mu Li, Ji Zhang, Ying Zhao, Yujuan Tang, Guodi Huang, Shaolong Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05700-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05700-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mango is a tropical fruit with high economic value. The selection of suitable dwarf mango varieties is an important aspect of mango breeding. However, the mechanisms that regulate mango dwarfing remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we compared the transcriptomes and metabolomes of mango varieties Guiqi (a dwarfed variety) and Jinhuang (an arborized variety). A total of 4,954 differentially expressed genes and 317 differentially abundant metabolites were identified between the two varieties, revealing the molecular mechanism of the gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase gene GA3ox in regulating dwarfing traits in mangoes using joint transcriptome and metabolome analyses. The results showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in the diterpenoid biosynthesis pathway and that differentially abundant metabolites were annotated to their upstream pathway, the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. A gene regulation network based on these two pathways was constructed, indicating the upregulation of the GA3ox gene and the accumulation of gibberellin in dwarfed mangoes. We then transferred the GA3ox gene to tobacco plants following the application of gibberellin, and the morphology and height of the transgenic tobacco plants largely recovered the phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrated that GA3ox plays a role in the regulation of dwarf traits. Our study provides an important theoretical basis for studying the regulatory mechanisms underlying mango dwarfism to facilitate mango breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Integrated stress responses in okra plants (cv. ''Meya']: unravelling the mechanisms underlying drought and nematode cooccurrence.","authors":"Uchenna Egedigwe, Obi Udengwu, Chima Ekeleme-Egedigwe, Chima Maduakor, Clifford Urama, Chidera Odo, Eugene Ojua","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05750-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05750-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of a MADS-box transcription factor family and their expression during floral development in Coptis teeta wall.","authors":"Shao-Feng Duan, Ji-Chen Yu, Timothy Charles Baldwin, Yuan Yuan, Gui-Sheng Xiang, Rui Cui, Yan Zhao, Xin-Chun Mo, Ying-Chun Lu, Yan-Li Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05714-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05714-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MADS-box transcription factors have been shown to be involved in multiple developmental processes, including the regulation of floral organ formation and pollen maturation. However, the role of the MADS-box gene family in floral development of the alpine plant species Coptis teeta Wall, which is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is unknown.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-six MADS-box genes were identified in the C. teeta genome. These genes were shown to be unevenly distributed throughout the genome of C. teeta. The majority of which (49) were classified as type I MADS-box genes and were further subdivided into four groups (Mα, Mβ, Mγ and Mδ). The remainder were identified as belonging to the type II MADS-box gene category. It was observed that four pairs of segmental and tandem duplication had occurred in the C. teeta MADS-box gene family, and that the ratios of Ka/Ks were less than 1, suggesting that these genes may have experienced purifying selection during evolution. Gene expression profiling analysis revealed that 38 MADS-box genes displayed differential expression patterns between the M and F floral phenotypes. Sixteen of these MADS-box genes were further verified by RT-qPCR. The 3D structure of each subfamily gene was predicted, further indicating that MADS-box genes of the same type possess structural similarities to the known template.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of dichogamy and herkogamy formation in C. teeta and establish a solid foundation for future studies of the MADS-box genes family in this medicinal plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different karst fissures and rainfall distribution on the biomass, mineral nutrient elements, antioxidant substances, and photosynthesis of two coniferous seedlings.","authors":"Shaojie Zheng, Lin Wang, Qiong Dong, Huiping Zeng, Xingze Li, Lian Li, Qian Hua, Yutong Wu, Jiumei Yang, Fuying Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05699-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05699-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Studying the physiological growth status of Pinus yunnanensis Franch and Pinus elliottii Engelm. seedlings under different karst fissure thicknesses and rainfall distributions is of great significance for the management, vegetation restoration, and tree species selection in karst rocky desertification areas. In this study, we used a two-factor block experiment and set different rainfall durations, namely reduced rainfall duration (I&lt;sub&gt;3d&lt;/sub&gt;), natural rainfall duration (I&lt;sub&gt;6d&lt;/sub&gt;), and extended rainfall duration (I&lt;sub&gt;9d&lt;/sub&gt;); Different karst small habitats, i.e., stone-free soil (S&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;), less stone and more soil (S&lt;sub&gt;1/4&lt;/sub&gt;), and half stone and half soil (S&lt;sub&gt;1/2&lt;/sub&gt;), are simulated at these three levels. Analyze the changes in physiological growth and photosynthetic characteristics in two coniferous seedlings under different treatments with different karst thicknesses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that with the increase of karst thickness, the growth volumes of height and diameter of P. yunnanensis seedlings, the biomass of various organs, and the accumulation of K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; showed a significant change pattern of first increasing and then decreasing (P &lt; 0.05); P. elliottii seedlings show a gradually decreasing trend (except for Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;). The biomass accumulation of each organ in two coniferous seedlings showed that leaves &gt; stems &gt; roots. The K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, and Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; content in various organs of P. yunnanensis seedlings showed that leaves &gt; roots &gt; stems, while Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; shows the order of roots &gt; leaves &gt; stems. The accumulation of mineral elements in various organs of P. elliottii seedlings is manifested as roots &gt; stems &gt; leaves and the accumulation of mineral elements in both coniferous seedlings is manifested as Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. Root length, root volume, root surface area, root diameter, SOD, POD, SP, photosynthetic pigment content, fluorescence parameters, and gas exchange parameters of P. yunnanensis seedlings gradually increase with the increase of karst thickness (except for the 9-day rainfall duration), while those of P. elliottii seedlings gradually decrease. The light saturation point of P. yunnanensis seedlings is highest under the I&lt;sub&gt;6d&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;1/2&lt;/sub&gt; treatment, while that of P. elliottii is highest under the I&lt;sub&gt;3d&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In summary, prolonging rainfall duration has an inhibitory effect on the growth of two types of coniferous seedlings. Increasing karst thickness inhibits the growth of P. elliottii seedlings, and to some extent, promotes the growth and development of P. yunnanensis seedlings. I&lt;sub&gt;6d&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;1/4&lt;/sub&gt; and I&lt;sub&gt;3d&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; treatments have the best growth effects on P. yunnanensis and P. elliottii seedli","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing yield and water productivity in summer mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) through crop residue management and irrigation strategies.","authors":"Saurabh Tripathi, Anureet Kaur, Ajmer Singh Brar, Karamjit Singh Sekhon, Sukhpreet Singh, Anurag Malik, Ozgur Kisi","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05640-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05640-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A multi-season research trial entitled 'crop residue management effects on yield and water productivity of summer mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) under different irrigation regimes in Indian Punjab' was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Regional Research Station (RRS), Bathinda, during rabi 2020 and 2021. The field experiment was conducted in a split-plot layout with nine treatment combinations and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of T₁ (no wheat residue along with tillage), T₂ (leftover wheat residue with zero tillage), and T₃ (incorporated wheat residue along with tillage) in main plots and irrigation regimes viz., I₁ (vegetative growth and flowering stage), I₂ (vegetative growth, flowering, and pod filling stage) and I₃ (vegetative growth, flowering, pod formation and pod filling stage) in sub-plots, respectively. The growth and yield attributing characters were significantly higher under T₃ than T₁ but statistically at par with T₂ during both years. An increase of 24.1% and 19.0% in grain yield was found in residue incorporation (T₃) and residue retention (T₂) over residue removal (T₁), respectively. Maximum crop and irrigation water productivity was observed under T₃ due to reduced water use and increased yield. Among the irrigation regimes, the I₃ recorded significantly higher grain yield (0.70 and 0.79 t ha^- 1) than I₁. It was at par with I₂ during both years due to higher irrigation frequency at the pod formation and pod filling stage. Crop water productivity (CWP) was higher under I₃, whereas irrigation water productivity (IWP) was higher under I₁ during both years. Additional irrigation at the pod-filling stage increased the grain yield by 36.5%, and two additional irrigations at the pod-formation and pod-filling stage further increased yield by 46.2% compared to only two irrigations at the vegetative and flowering stages. The treatment combinations of T₂I₂ and T₃I₂ outperformed T₁I₃ in terms of growth and yield attributing characters viz. plant height, dry matter accumulation (DMA), leaf area index (LAI), pods plant^- 1, seeds pod^- 1, and 1000-seed weight, which resulted in higher grain yield in these treatment combinations over T₁I₃. Applying crop residue can help minimize water use and increase crop water productivity. So, retaining crop residue in summer mung bean resulted in saving irrigation water due to lesser evapotranspiration from the soil surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of sowing dates for enhanced rice yield: insights from field experiments in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China.","authors":"Yalan Ji, Youzun Xu, Xueyuan Sun, Muhammad Ahmad Hassan, Yongjin Zhou, Huawen Zou, Zhong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05729-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05729-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An efficacious strategy to adapt to climate change involves optimizing the planting season, a technique that has been extensively utilized to enhance the use of solar radiation and temperature resources in rice cultivation. Field experiments were executed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China, employing three distinct rice cultivars and seven disparate sowing periods spanning 2019 to 2021. The objective of assessing the impact of sowing date on apparent radiation use efficiency (RUE_A), accumulated temperature use efficiencies (TUE), and overall rice yield. Subsequent to the delay of sowing dates, the duration of the comprehensive growth period initially exhibited a declining trajectory before subsequently escalating, with the reduction predominantly ascribed to a decrease in the number of days preceding heading. Furthermore, there was a tendency for both the mean daily and effective cumulative solar radiation to decline over the course of the growing period. The yield of the three rice varieties demonstrated an initial surge, which was then followed by a subsequent decline in reaction to the delay of sowing dates. A correlation analysis disclosed that solar radiation and effective cumulative temperature (EAT) were the predominant elements impacting grain yield. The outcomes of the path analysis indicate that EAT exerts the most substantial influence on yield, succeeded by cumulative total solar radiation (TSR), while photothermal quotient (PTQ) demonstrates the least impact on yield. There was a significant positive correlation between EAT and cumulative TSR with spikelets per panicle (0.237** and 0.218**), grain filling (0.753** and 0.576**), and grain weight (0.339** and 0.359**), respectively. The findings of this study indicate that an increase in yield is facilitated when the EAT after heading exceeds 594.9 ℃, the EAT surpasses 2016.7 ℃, the cumulative TSR before heading is above 1548.7 MJ m^- 2, the cumulative TSR after heading is over 603.0 MJ m^- 2, and the cumulative total radiation throughout the entire growth period is more than 2151.8 MJ m^- 2. Furthermore, the most optimal sowing date, as identified by this study, is June 6. This study provides key insights into boosting rice productivity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China by analyzing the impact of temperature and solar radiation on yield and identifying optimal growth conditions. Clinical trial number Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastid phylogenomics of Robinsonia (Senecioneae; Asteraceae), endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands: insights into structural organization and molecular evolution.","authors":"Myong-Suk Cho, JiYoung Yang, Seon-Hee Kim, Daniel J Crawford, Tod F Stuessy, Patricio López-Sepúlveda, Seung-Chul Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12870-024-05711-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-024-05711-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The genus Robinsonia DC. (tribe Senecioneae, Asteraceae) endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands in Chile is one of the most conspicuous insular plant groups in the world. Unlike typical herbaceous Asteraceae plants, these plants demonstrate spectacular and unusual rosette tree growth forms as shown by the alpine giant senecios (genus Dendrosenecio, tribe Senecioneae) endemic to the East African mountains. However, monophyly of the genus and phylogenetic relationships among species of Robinsonia as well as their plastome evolution remain elusive. This study aims to explore their phylogeny, species diversification, and molecular evolution based on the complete plastome sequences in the context of adaptive radiation on oceanic islands.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The insular Robinsonia plastomes are highly conserved in their structures and organization of contents. Five divergence hotspots as potential chloroplast markers and five positively selected coding genes (accD, ndhF, rpoA, ycf1, and ycf2) are identified. Robinsonia plastomes has an overall nucleotide diversity higher than that of the sky island Dendrosenecio, but much lower than herbaceous Senecio. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates the monophyly of Robinsonia and identifies two major infrageneric lineages. Both Robinsonia and Dendrosenecio are deeply nested within large genus Senecio.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While plastid genomes of Robinsonia are highly conserved, their sequences strongly demonstrated the monophyly of the genus and inferred robust interspecific relationships, including herbaceous Senecio and woody Dendrosenecio. Different sets of positively selected chloroplast genes, five for Robinsonia and two for Dendrosenecio, may play an important role in the adaptation strategies of these fascinating woody species in insular and continental sky island habitats. Overall phylogenetic positions and sister lineages of Robinsonia and Dendrosenecio require additional study based on broader sampling of Senecio.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}