BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Stable transgene expression and CRISPR-mediated knock-in system of a bacteria-derived antibiotic selection gene in the green alga Ulva prolifera.","authors":"Zheng Qin, Whelver Surnido, Hiroyuki Mizuta, Toshiki Uji","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07411-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07411-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulva prolifera is a fast-growing green seaweed that has garnered considerable interest in both fundamental and applied research. Here, we established a molecular tool by employing a selectable marker gene that allowed the isolation of U. prolifera cells integrating exogenous DNA. We developed a modular plasmid for expressing exogenous genes in U. prolifera based on the bacterial antibiotic-resistance marker, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene (aph7\"). Integration of aph7\" in macroalgae can generate transformants resistant to hygromycin B. In addition, we characterized the promoter region of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase gene (pUpRbcS) to drive the expression of aph7\". The transcripts were consistently confirmed from antibiotic-selected transformants, stably retaining the exogenous gene in the succeeding generations. Subsequently, a CRISPR-based knock-in system was established, facilitating the integration of aph7\" cassette in the endogenous selection gene encoding for adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (UpAPT). APT gene can serve as an endogenous marker in algae that exhibits a lethal phenotype under cultivation with 2-fluoroadenine. The resulting knock-in mutants could resist the co-selection of the antibiotic hygromycin B and 2-fluoroadenine. Our results advance U. prolifera as a genetic platform, enabling functional research to elucidate Ulva biology, and to bring forth biotechnological utilization of algal resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype-by-genotype interactions reveal transcription patterns underlying resistance responses in Norway spruce to Heterobasidion annosum s.s.","authors":"Hernan D Capador-Barreto, Guus van Iersel, Mikael Brandström Durling, Jan Stenlid, Bo Karlsson, Malin Elfstrand","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07438-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07438-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The expression of the genetic components involved in quantitative disease resistance (QDR) are often not well understood and analyses of genotype-by-genotype interactions can shed light on how the resistance and the activation of resistance strategies vary across interactions. To deepen the knowledge on QDR and the molecular interactions in the Norway spruce (Picea abies)- Heterobasidion annosum s.l.. pathosystem we inoculated ten relatively resistant spruce clones with four H. annosum s.s. isolates with varying virulence and determined the disease phenotypes. Thereafter we analysed the transcriptome in nine interactions between three spruce clones and three isolates. We tested the hypotheses that (i) differences among host and pathogen genotypes affect the disease symptoms; (ii) host genotypes respond differently depending on the isolate they were challenged with and (iii) this effect is accompanied by distinct transcriptional reprogramming. We found varying levels of disease expression among the interactions influenced by both host and pathogen genotypes. The host genotype was the strongest predictor of the disease phenotype, especially early in the interaction. The transcriptional responses differed between the three clones, interactions resulting in longer necrotic lesions were associated with larger numbers of differentially expressed genes. Despite this and the strong impact of the host genotype on disease phenotype each interaction displayed distinct transcriptional responses in a host genotype. These results indicate that phenotypic resistance responses can be governed by different defence modules and genes in Norway spruce. For instance, several leucine rich repeat family genes were found to be upregulated in the clones with higher resistance and downregulated in the clone with the lower resistance indicating that recognition of the pathogen may be one of the keys to limiting H. annosum s.s. spread in Norway spruce.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and biochemical profiling of 'Mac-07' crosses for resistance to CLCuD under field and glasshouse conditions.","authors":"Sahar Nadeem, Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan, Amjad Hameed","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07250-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07250-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cotton is a valuable crop for the textile industry yet, its production is significantly affected by Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD), a major cotton constraint. The present study was conducted under field trials and glasshouse conditions to analyze the effect of CLCuD in cotton. Single plant progeny rows (SPPRs) of different cotton accessions were grown in the field. In the glasshouse, two sets of cotton plants were maintained in a controlled environment. One set was kept healthy, while the other was graft-inoculated with a Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) infected plant. After 90 days post-inoculation, SPPRs and grafted plants were screened for symptom development using a disease rating scale from 0 to 6. Estimation of antioxidants and metabolites revealed significant differences in CLCuD-resistant and susceptible varieties. Elevated levels of total phenolic content (TPC), tannins, total oxidant status (TOS), total soluble proteins (TSP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed by CLCuD-susceptible genotypes in the field and glasshouse. In contrast, increased antioxidants for example, peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and, catalase (CAT) were observed in CLCuD- resistant varieties. Under field conditions, CLCuD-resistant varieties showed elevated antioxidant enzymes, with CAT, POD, and APX activities increasing by 32%, 3%, and 8% respectively, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 25% compared to susceptible lines. Under glasshouse conditions, resistant genotypes showed stronger antioxidant responses than susceptible ones; for instance, POD and APX activities were ~ 62% and ~ 6% higher, respectively, while CAT and SOD increased by 15% and 3%. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the field experiment indicated that five key factors contributed to 80.26% of the variation observed among genotypes. Analysis of the glasshouse experiment explained 74.24% of the total cumulative variability. These factors were identified as the most influential in explaining differences in morphological and biochemical traits. In our study, genotypes Mac-07, T7-1-2, and T7-2-5, showed high chlorophyll a, lycopene, TPC, tannins, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes in the field. Under glasshouse conditions, their un-inoculated plants exhibited elevated level of chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, lycopene, APX, SOD, CAT, and POD. Overall, Mac-07, T7-1-2, and T7-2-5 demonstrated superior performance against CLCuD across both conditions and can be considered strong candidates for future CLCuD-resistant cotton breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of UV radiation-induced changes: effects on morpho-physiological, and biochemical traits of Portulaca Oleracea.","authors":"Zeinab Sadat Shahzaidi, Saeed Hesami Tackallou, Leila Amjad, Hakimeh Zali, Alireza Iranbakhsh","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07386-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07386-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a significant environmental stressor for plant growth, stress responses and secondary metabolites. UV-B (280-315 nm) and UV-C (100-280 nm) wavelengths are particularly known to induce oxidative stress among the UV wavelenghts. The physiological and biochemical reactions of Portulaca oleracea with differing intensity of UV radiation are still uncertain. P. oleracea plants were exposed to UV-B and UV-C with measurements at 0, 200, 400 and 600 J.m⁻². Both UV-B and UV-C treatments reduced plant height, biomass, and leaf water potentially the largest reductions were under UV-C treatments in fact at 600 J.m⁻². Photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids decreased with rising intensities of ultraviolet (UV). However, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), phenols and flavonoids increased indicating more oxidative stress. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and peroxidase increased under increasing UV-C doses; the antioxidants increased with intense UV-C. Although UV-B and UV-C radiation produces physiological and biochemical effects that are dose-dependent in the greenhouse weed, P. oleracea, the exposure of plants to UV-C caused growth inhibition and decrease in pigments, but induced the defense mechanism against oxidative stress. Overall findings shed light on plant resilience to natural stress together mitigation measures for sustainable agro-ecosystem management amidst an increasing UV environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic influence of minimum tillage and integrated nutrient schedules on crop performance, nutrient uptake, profitability and soil microbial diversity in a rice‒lentil cropping system.","authors":"Urjashi Bhattacharya, Manish Kumar Naskar, Venugopalan Visha Kumari, Smritikana Sarkar, Pintoo Bandyopadhyay, Sagar Maitra, Laila A Al-Shuraym, Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis, Ahmed Gaber, Akbar Hossain","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07231-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07231-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous use of chemical fertilizers in conventional tillage systems has jeopardized soil fertility, affecting productivity of crops. Puddling is currently a serious constraint for farmers in rice based cropping systems because of water deficits and soil structure destruction. Finding an alternative cultivation practice is imperative to improve this scenario for sustainability and food security.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study was conducted in consecutive two years (from 2018-2020) to evaluate the effects of minimum tillage and integrated nutrient schedules on the nutrient uptake, profitability and microbial diversity of the rice‒lentil cropping system in the lower Gangetic plains of West Bengal. The study was carried-out in a split-plot design and repeated all treatments in three times. Treatments such as CT Direct seeded rice - lentil (CT-DSR), MT Direct seeded rice - lentil (MT-DSR), CT Transplanted rice - lentil (CT-TPR) and MT Transplanted rice - lentil (MT-TPR) were assigned in main plots and no application of nutrients (Control), 100% RDF, 75% Nitrogen + FYM (75% N + FYM), 75% Nitrogen + FYM + Azospirillum (75% N + FYM + Azo) and 75% Nitrogen + FYM + Azospirillum + Zinc Sulfate (75% N + FYM + Azo + Zn) were assigned in sub-plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MT treatments significantly gave better growth, yield and nutrient uptake values in the second year with MT- DSRMT-DSR recording highest growth (96.38 cm), yield (5.17 t ha^-1) and nutrient uptake of rice, despite the CT treatments performing better in first year. Minimum tillage treatments showed better growth, yield and nutrient uptake in lentil throughout the experiment with MT-DSRMT-DSR treatment having maximum growth (32.81 cm & 34.98 cm), yield (8.08 q ha^-1 & 8.817 q ha^-1) and nutrient uptake in both years respectively. Treatment of 100% RDF obtained highest growth (96.53 cm & 32.98 cm), uptake and yield (5.17 t ha^-1 & 8.23 q ha^-1) respectively for rice & lentil during the first year, but 75%N + FYM + Azo + Zn surpassed all the other treatments in terms of the aforementioned parameters, in the second year. The MT DSR + 75% N + FYM + Azo + Zn treatment in the pooled analysis over two years had the greatest economic benefit (85,845.27 INR/ha), B:C ratio (1.85) and a Shannon diversity index of 0.070.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study revealed that, to obtain long term sustained productivity, better soil health and income security of the smallholder farmers of Eastern India, minimum tillage along with integrated nutrient schedules can be a viable alternative in the rice‒lentil cropping system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary trajectory of the NPF6.3(NRT1.1/CHL1)-centered nitrate signaling regulatory network in plant roots.","authors":"Ran Zhao, Jianyu Wang, Xin Yi, Jinpeng Wang, Peng Xu, Xueqian Duan, Hanying Wu, Yuannian Jiao","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07417-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07417-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Polygonatum Kingianum with different floral colors on the basis of chloroplast genomes.","authors":"Jindong Wang, Xingyu Guo, Baizhu Li, Chao Zhang, Yin Yi, Ming Tang, Xiaoxin Tang","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07147-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07147-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms underlying the biocontrol activity of Serratia marcescens YNAU-SM-1 against Phytophthora infestans in potato.","authors":"Chunjiang Liu, Linmei Deng, Jian Dao, Wenping Wang, Xun Huang, Yue Zhang, Yanli Yang, Shaofeng Lu, Jing Zhao, Xia Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07218-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07218-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of beneficial microorganisms offers a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides for managing plant diseases. This study aimed to investigate the biocontrol potential and underlying mechanisms of Serratia marcescens (YNAU-SM-1) for controlling potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. Dual culture assay, fluorescent dye staining, spore germination inhibition assays, in vitro bioassays, greenhouse experiments, and biochemical analyses of defense-related enzymes and osmotic regulators were conducted to determine the effects of YNAU-SM-1 using P. infestans HJG02 as a target pathogen. Dual culture assays revealed that YNAU-SM-1 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of P. infestans HJG02 by 70.26%. Abnormal hyphal expansion and excessive branching were also observed under microscopic observations. Fluorescent dye staining revealed that YNAU-SM-1 induced intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in P. infestans HJG02, leading to sporangial inactivation. Spore germination inhibition assays suggested the bacterial strain strongly inhibited sporangial direct germination (98.86%), zoospore release (70.13%), and cystospore germination (100%). Detached leaf, tuber slice, and greenhouse assays confirmed the efficacy of YNAU-SM-1, with disease control efficiencies of 67.62%, 65.48%, and 71.04% under preventive, simultaneous, and curative treatments, respectively. Biochemical analyses indicated that YNAU-SM-1 increased soluble protein and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and altered the general trend of peroxidase (POD), and soluble sugar content in potato leaves. These findings suggest that YNAU-SM-1 suppresses P. infestans HJG02 through both direct antagonism and the induction of host defenses, highlighting its potential as an effective biocontrol agent for managing potato late blight.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1322"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-parent population approach to reveal the genetic basis of plant height in maize.","authors":"Tao Dai, Xiaoli Hong, Fuyan Jiang, Babar Ijaz, Ranjan K Shaw, Xingfu Yin, Xingming Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07393-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07393-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Poaceae-based virion-assembly inhibitor for managing potato virus Y.","authors":"Yuefei Long, Chunni Zhao, Huan Wu, Zhongjie Shen, Baoan Song, Deyu Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07404-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07404-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The chemical management of potato virus Y (PVY)-induced viral diseases in Solanaceae crops remains a persistent challenge. Successful systemic infection and transmission of PVY depend on the formation of intact virions, suggesting that targeted inhibition of coat protein (CP)-mediated encapsidation of viral RNA could disrupt viral assembly. However, reported inhibitors capable of disrupting such a process remain scarce. The present study reports a series of analogues derived from benzoxazinoids-allelopathic secondary metabolites of Poaceae plants-and systematically evaluates their anti-PVY activity. Furthermore, the preliminary mode of action of the most potent compound to impair viral assembly is elucidated.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Thirty-four benzoxazinoids (L1-L34) containing sulfonamide moieties were synthesized via a three-step reaction protocol and evaluated for their virucidal activity using the half-leaf local-lesion assay. Most compounds demonstrated promising inactivation potency, with derivative L5 exhibiting a lower EC₅₀ value (169.4 µg/mL) than the commercial control ribavirin (244.7 µg/mL). Molecular docking, dynamics simulations, and bio-layer interferometry revealed that VAL211 (V211) on the PVY CP likely serves as the critical binding residue for L5. Notably, in Agrobacterium-mediated infection assays, the V211A mutant virus exhibited markedly attenuated fluorescence intensity, while confocal microscopy confirmed unimpaired viral cell-to-cell movement. Conversely, transmission electron microscopy revealed a significant reduction in both viral particle quantity and length, suggesting that L5 inhibited CP-mediated viral RNA assembly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study successfully developed L5, a benzoxazinoid-derived compound originating from secondary metabolites of Poaceae plants, which exhibited exceptional anti-PVY activity through serving as an inhibitor of virion assembly. These findings position L5 as a promising lead compound for the rational development of novel virion assembly inhibitors targeting CP-dependent processes in PVY and related plant viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}