BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Molybdenum enhances soybean growth and seed quality by modulating osmoregulation, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant activity under saline-alkaline conditions.","authors":"Tayyaba Zulfiqar, Shakeel Ahmad, Jianrong Shao, Haichang Yang, Jian Wei, Fenghua Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07304-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07304-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field resistance to Orobanche crenata in pea (Pisum sativum L.): beyond strigolactones.","authors":"Francesco Arcieri, Gaetano Giudice, Marzia Guerriero, Chiara Delvento, Mario Schilder, Angelica Giancaspro, Pasquale Luca Curci, Catherine Rameau, Luigi Ricciardi, Concetta Lotti, Harro Bouwmeester, Imran Haider, Stefano Pavan","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07296-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07296-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Artemisia argyi and Stevia rebaudiana substrate composition on the nutritional quality, yield and mycelial growth of L. edodes addressing future food challenges.","authors":"Hafiz Umair Asdullah, Yue Xu, Asad Abbas, Muhammad Ahmad Hassan, Shoukat Sajad, Muhammad Rafiq, Dongliang Wang, Yougen Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07340-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07340-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), the second-largest edible fungus globally, boasts high nutritional value and medicinal benefits. The increasing planting scale has led to a shortage of traditional wood chips. Using agricultural waste as a substitute substrate can solve the resource shortage and environmental problems in China's mushroom production industry. An experimental study on Shiitake mushroom strain 868 explored the effects of various cultivation substrates through stages like spawn production, synthetic log preparation, and incubation to fructification, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for mushroom production. Optimal solid and liquid media for biomass production were identified, with potato sucrose agar (PSA) and potato sucrose broth (PSB) being most conducive. Temperature and pH effects revealed the highest radial mycelial growth at 24 °C and pH 5.0 and 7.0. Wormwood (A. argyi) and stevia (S. rebaudiana) were tested as substrates. The addition of wormwood at 60% concentration yielded the highest fruiting body yield and nutritional content, except for carbohydrate and protein content. While stevia substrate composition with a 45% concentration produced the highest yield and nutritional content, with the exception of carbohydrate and protein content. A. argyi and S. rebaudiana substrates effectively enhance the yield and nutritional quality of L. edodes, offering sustainable alternatives to traditional sawdust. This study demonstrates that media type, environmental conditions, and substrate formulation significantly affect the growth, yield, and nutritional composition of Lentinula edodes strain 868. Optimal results were achieved with PSA or MEA media, 24 °C, pH 5.0-6.0, and substrates containing moderate levels of wormwood or stevia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of reference genes for normalization of mitochondrial gene expression by qRT-PCR in different potato tissues and during anther development.","authors":"Jing Xu, Qing Li, Li Yuan, Michael G K Jones","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07301-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07301-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of ZmCRY genes: unveiling stress response mechanisms and the role of ZmCRYPHR2 in salinity tolerance.","authors":"Runyi Chen, Laikun Xia, Yuying Fan, Jienan Han, Yikai Wang, Xin Lu, Yue Pan, Gongjian Li, Shufeng Sun, Jiayi Liu, Xinyuan Mu, Zhiqiang Zhou, Zhuanfang Hao, Zhennan Xu, Jianfeng Weng","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07252-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07252-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blue light serves as a crucial environmental signal regulating plant growth and development. The cryptochrome (CRY) family represents a key class of blue light receptors involved in these processes, as well as plant growth, development, and defense. However, the functions of CRYs in maize remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, nine ZmCRY genes were identified and found to be unevenly distributed across five chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed that ZmCRYs within the same phylogenetic groups are highly conserved. Synteny analysis indicated a close evolutionary relationship between ZmCRYs and their homologs in Oryza sativa. Promoter analysis identified diverse cis-regulatory elements linked to light response, stress tolerance, and hormone signaling. RT-qPCR analysis showed that ZmCRYs respond to various abiotic and biotic stresses, including high salinity, drought, nitrogen deficiency, Fusarium verticillioides, and Puccinia polysora. Functional studies demonstrated that ZmCRYPHR2, localized in chloroplasts and the cytoplasmic membrane, plays a role in scavenging reactive oxygen and regulating maize salt tolerance. Haplotype 2 of ZmCRYPHR2 was identified as the preferred haplotype in a panel of 269 inbred lines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide a comprehensive genomic and functional characterization of the ZmCRY gene family, with ZmCRYPHR2 identified as a pivotal regulator of salt tolerance, offering valuable genetic insights for the development of stress-resilient maize breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals leaf-specific flavonoid biosynthesis in Paris polyphylla Sm.","authors":"Wang Yang, Zhihao Li, Juncheng Lin, Changhu Ke, Huimin Liu, Fangling Ren, Huilin Huang, Pengju Wang, Lun Wu, Tingwen Ming, Jingjian Liu, Peng Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07350-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07350-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND : Paris polyphylla Sm. is a precious medicinal plant rich in various active ingredients. In addition to the well-known saponins, the flavonoids it contains have unique pharmacological potential in antioxidant, neuroprotective, and metabolic regulation. However, the flavonoids in Paris polyphylla Sm. have not been fully researched and developed yet. In this work, we conducted a comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis to reveal the metabolic differences and biosynthetic mechanisms of flavonoids in the leaves, stems, and roots of Paris polyphylla Sm. RESULTS: Non-targeted metabolomics analysis detected a total of 332 metabolites in Paris polyphylla Sm., among which flavonoids accounted for 19.49%. The diversity and abundance of flavonoids in leaves are the highest, followed by stems and roots. By comparing the metabolites of the roots, stems, and leaves in Paris polyphylla Sm., it was found that there were 45 differential metabolites (DMs) between the leaves and roots, of which flavonoids accounted for 35%. There are 38 DMs between leaves and stems, of which flavonoids account for 45.45%. And there are 52 DMs in stems and roots, among which flavonoids account for 25.53%. A total of 62,766 genes were detected by transcriptomics, and pairwise comparison showed that there were tens of thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between each group. Afterwards, we selected 39 flavonoids and related metabolites (e.g., kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, rutin) for targeted metabolomics validation and performed RT-qPCR validation on 29 key flavonoid synthesis genes (e.g., C4H, CHS, FLS, F3'H) to verify the reliability of non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. CONCLUSIONS: This work indicated that leaves are the main site for the biosynthesis of flavonoids in Paris polyphylla Sm. Among them, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, rutin, and other flavonoids are present in higher contents in leaves (P < 0.05). Further research on its biosynthetic mechanism indicates that naringenin chalcone is converted to naringenin by chalcone isomerase (CHI). Among them, CHI may be the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in Paris polyphylla Sm. The expression of FLS is higher in leaves (P < 0.05) and tends to promote the synthesis of flavonols. This work promotes the utilization of non-medicinal parts of Paris polyphylla Sm. and enhances the sustainable development of this precious traditional Chinese medicine resource.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FRIGIDA-like gene family in rapeseed: genome-wide analysis and expression analysis to exogenous phytohormones.","authors":"Sana Basharat, Wajid Saeed, Pingwu Liu, Muhammad Waseem","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07336-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07336-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frigida (FRI) plays diverse roles in regulating plant flowering and drought tolerance. The biological importance of FRIGIDA-like proteins (FRL) has been well established in Arabidopsis and soybean; however, systemic analysis of the FRL gene in rapeseed in response to phytohormones is still in its infancy. The present study predicted 28 FRL proteins in rapeseed that were unevenly distributed across the entire chromosome set of rapeseeds. Phylogenetically, all BnaFRL proteins were clustered into four distinct clades along with Arabidopsis, rice, and soybean. Our study indicated that rapeseed BnaFRL arose from segmental duplication alongside single tandem duplication events. Moreover, gene structure analysis, such as Frigida domain presence, intron-exon distribution, and conserved domain analysis, validated the phylogenetic conservation of all the BnaFRL genes. Additionally, promoter analysis revealed several cis-regulatory elements related to hormones, suggesting their significant role in rapeseed hormone response mechanisms. Spatial expression across different tissues exhibited variable expression, whereas subcellular localization and temporal expression of selected BnaFRLs to exogenous hormone application (IAA, ABA, and GA) further supported their role in hormone responsiveness in rapeseed. In summary, our comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights into the evolution and potential functions of BnaFRL genes, emphasizing their significance in phytohormone responses, and establishing a foundation for further research on the BnaFRL family.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BrCER1 intron mutation causing a wax deficient phenotype in Chinese cabbage.","authors":"Luyao Zhang, Zifan Zhao, Chong Tan, Yike Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Zhiyong Liu, Jie Ren, Xueling Ye","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07387-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07387-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cuticular wax is one of the most important substances that cover the aerial parts of most plants and protect them from biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants lacking wax powder on their surface are more popular in terms of appearance and quality. Although most wax deficiency mutants are of high commercial value, most genetic and biochemical studies have been conducted in Arabidopsis, and only a few studies have been conducted in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, we described a glossy leaf mutant from the ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis population of Chinese cabbage doubled haploid line 'FT'. In the M5075 mutant leaves, wax crystals were completely absent and leaf cuticular permeability was increased. Genetic analysis indicated that the glossy phenotype of M5075 is controlled by a single recessive gene. MutMap detected the responsible gene BrCER1 in the 4.76 Mb region on chromosome A09. BrCER1 shares homology with AtCER1 encoding a key enzyme responsible for biosynthesis of cuticular wax. Sequencing revealed the presence of only one nucleotide substitution at the 4th exon boundary, leading to a alternative splicing of BrCER1 in M5075. Our results showed that the mutation of BrCER1 would severely reduce wax crystals, thereby conferring a glossy phenotype on M5075.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study describes the known functions and molecular characterization of Chinese cabbage cuticular wax biosynthesis to elucidate its potential use in crop improvement. It not only provides important information for the functional study of BrCER1, but also provides a basis for the study of Chinese cabbage wax synthesis pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SPL transcription factor family and its expression characteristics in Elymus sibiricus.","authors":"Xiang Meng, Jun Tang, Kaiyun Xie, Zeliang Ju, Lin Ma, Fang Liu, Dengxia Yi, Wen Li, Xiaoran Ma, Tong Miao, Chunhang Li, Miaomiao Huang, Jun Hong, Wenhui Liu, Xuemin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07366-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07366-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elymus sibiricus is widely utilized for establishing of high-yield artificial grasslands due to its remarkable productivity and strong resistance to environmental stresses, making it an excellent forage species. SPL transcription factors play a pivotal role in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stress. Although the SPL gene family has been identified in many plant species, its presence and function in E. sibiricus remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>This study presents a comprehensive genome-wide identification and analysis of the SPL gene family in E. sibiricus. A total of 37 EsSPL genes were successfully identified. Their chromosomal distribution, gene structure, conserved motifs, cis-acting regulatory elements, and evolutionary relationships were analyzed. Protein-protein interaction network analysis predicted that SOC1 and TOE2 are the primary interacting proteins. Most EsSPL genes exhibited high expression levels in seedling tissues. Additionally, analysis of abiotic stress responses revealed that the expression of multiple EsSPL genes was altered under salt, drought, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellin (GA) treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through sequence homology analyses, 37 SPL genes were identified in E. sibiricus. Most SPL family members exhibited high expression levels in seedling tissues, with EsSPL2 specifically upregulated under four distinct abiotic stress conditions. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the genetic evolution and biological functions of the SPL gene family in E. sibiricus, offering valuable insights for future research and breeding efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastomes provide new insights into phylogeny and evolution in Chlorellaceae (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae).","authors":"Huiyin Song, Tian He, Rongli Guan, Tiantian Li, Zhiwei Fang, Zhaolu Zhu, Lifen Gao, Lihong Chen, Zilan Xiao, Yuxin Hu, Qiufeng Yan, Feng Liu, Hai Peng, Guoxiang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-07329-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-07329-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The family Chlorellaceae is a key focus of research on resource microalgae due to its potential applications and economic value. Despite its significance, the phylogenetic relationships and evolution among its members remain poorly understood. Plastomes, which offer numerous informative nucleotide sites for phylogenetic analysis, are expected to provide valuable reference information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 21 Chlorellacean plastomes were newly sequenced and combined with 37 previously published plastome data, resulting in a total of 58 plastomes representing all major clades. Phylogenomic analysis was conducted to reveal relationships among the members. Furthermore, plastome characteristics were compared to analyze Chlorellacean evolution. The results revealed well-resolved phylogenomic relationships among the clade level and genera level, with the inverted repeat (IR) region displaying interesting evolutionary patterns. Finally, adaptive changes in plastome size, gene content, and codon usage bias were observed in obligate heterotrophic taxa compared to autotrophic and mixotrophic taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study resolved the phylogenetic relationships among the main lineages within the Chlorellaceae. Additionally, our research highlighted prevalent structural variations in the evolution of Chlorellacean plastomes, emphasizing notable adaptive changes in plastome size, gene content, and codon usage bias in obligate heterotrophic taxa compared with autotrophic and mixotrophic taxa. This work not only enhances our understanding of the phylogenetic relationship within the Chlorellaceae but also enriches our comprehension of its evolutionary diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}