Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Reality Therapy on Psychological Flexibility and Responsibility in Divorced Women","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objective: Psychological flexibility is a person’s ability to fully communicate with the present as a conscious and aware human being and his ability to change or continue his behavior in the direction of his values with responsibility and consideration. The result of self-behavior, reliability, and trustworthiness in behavior, as well as the sense of commitment, are related to the larger social structure. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Reality Therapy on psychological flexibility and responsibility in divorced women.\u0000Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest control group design and a follow-up. The research population included all divorced women in Hamedan City, Iran, who referred to the family court of Hamedan city between 2018 and 2022 and got divorced. Out of this population, 3 groups of 20 people were randomly selected and assigned into two experimental groups and a control group using the availability sampling method and completed the Hayes Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (2000) and Goff's Responsibility Questionnaire (1982) in three pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The experimental groups underwent weekly 90-minute group training sessions focused on skill-building using acceptance and commitment, while the control group received no training. The data were statistically analyzed in SPSS22 software using the repeated measures ANOVA and a significant level of p < 0.05.\u0000Results: The results showed that the effects of both Reality Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy were significant on psychological flexibility (P=0.010) and responsibility (P=0.015). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, compared to Reality Therapy, significantly increased psychological flexibility in divorced women.\u0000Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it can be said that the goal of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Reality Therapy was to improve behaviors that would probably lead to psychological flexibility and responsibility in women, which was the internal or external reward","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41458243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Metacognitive Therapy on Attachment Styles and Dimensions of Identity Transformation in Adolescents","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Adolescence is a critical period of social, psychological, and physical development. Adolescents make important choices about health, growth, attitudes, and health behaviors that will affect their adulthood. Therefore, this research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive therapy on attachment styles and dimensions of identity transformation in adolescents.\u0000Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed with a pretest-posttest follow-up design and a control group. The research population included all adolescent girls aged 13 to 16 years in District 1 of Baharestan City who were studying in the seventh to tenth grades in the academic year of 2022-2023 and were referred to the education counseling center in 2022. Out of this population, three groups of 20 people were selected using the availability sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The required data were collected through Hazan and Shaver's (1987) Attachment Styles Questionnaire and Berzonsky’s Identity Style Inventory (1992) in three pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The subjects in the experimental groups underwent dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive therapy in one 60-minute session per week; however, the control group received no training. The data were statistically analyzed in SPSS software using the repeated measures ANOVA. The significant level was considered < 0.05.\u0000Results: The results were indicative of the significant effects of dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive therapy on attachment styles (P=0.017) and the dimensions of identity transformation (P=0.023).\u0000Conclusion: According to the results of this research, the goal of dialectical behavior therapy and metacognition therapy was to increase behaviors that would probably lead to a safe and healthy attachment style and healthy identity transformation in adolescents, and these rewards are internal or external.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46893590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Training on Self-Efficacy and Self-Evaluation among Individuals Referring to Pendar Transactional Analysis Training Center","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Self-efficacy is a concept that refers to a person's beliefs or judgments about his abilities in performing tasks and responsibilities. It affects the choice of behavior, effort, perseverance, and pursuit of goals and determines how to face obstacles and challenges. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of Transactional Analysis training on self-efficacy and self-evaluation.\u0000Materials and Methods: The semi-experimental study was carried out with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients aged 18 to 30 years referring to the Pendar Behavior Analysis Training Center. The samples (n=30) were randomly selected and then completely randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the Transactional Analysis package in twelve 90-minute sessions once a week. The control group did not receive any training or counseling package. After the completion of the training course, the research questionnaires were implemented simultaneously among the two groups. The required data were collected through two standard self-efficacy questionnaires and a self-evaluation questionnaire. The gathered data were analyzed in SPSS23 software using MANCOVA and ANCOVA tests.\u0000Results: The results demonstrated that Transactional Analysis training had a positive and significant effect on the linear combination of self-efficacy and self-evaluation. The impact of Transactional Analysis training on self-efficacy and self-evaluation was 41% and 46.8%, respectively. Moreover, the results of the MANCOVA test showed that Transactional Analysis training had a significant effect on the linear combination of self-efficacy and self-evaluation. The effect of transactional analysis training on the linear combination of self-efficacy and self-evaluation 0.758 (ȵ2=0.831, Lambda=0.169, F 53.956=(3.25)[WU1] , P<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Transactional Analysis training had an effect on self-efficacy and self-evaluation.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43562907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Self-Criticism and Cyberbullying -Victimization Based on Mindfulness in Adolescents of Zanjan in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.101","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Adolescence is a very sensitive period in terms of mental injuries. The assessment of important variables during this period plays a significant role in the prevention of mental injuries in adulthood. The present study aimed to predict self-criticism and cyber-bullying victimization based on mindfulness in adolescents.\u0000Materials and Methods: This research was conducted based on a descriptive and correlational design. The statistical population of the study included adolescents aged 14-18 years old in the senior secondary school of Zanjan in the fall of 2022. The sample consisted of 380 youths who were selected from girls' and boys' senior secondary schools using the available sampling method. The research tools were Mindfulness Scale, the Self-criticism questionnaire, and Cyber-Bullying/Victimization Experiences Questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed in Spss software (version 26) using a correlation matrix and linear regression.\u0000Results: The results of the data analysis indicated that the researcher's hypothesis was confirmed at the 0.95 confidence level. Mindfulness inversely predicted self-criticism (β= -0.365, P=0.000), and mindfulness inversely predicted cyber-bullying victimization (β = -0.261, P=0.000).\u0000Conclusions: As evidenced by the obtained results, mindfulness was reversely correlated with reduced self-criticism and bullying of cyber victims in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44922119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison between the Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy and a Combination of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy and Medication in Patients With Improved Panic Attacks from the Covid-19","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is used as one of the main treatments for panic disorder, yet fewer people with panic disorder receive medication-based treatment. The present study aimed to determine the difference between the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication in patients with panic attacks who have recovered from Covid-19 in Ramsar, Iran.\u0000Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included patients who were referred to hospitals and medical centers in Ramsar in 2022. A total of 30 cases were randomly selected using the Albanian Panic and Phobia Questionnaire and structural clinical interview. One group received 12 sessions of CBT, one group received a combination of medication and CBT, and the other group received no training. The obtained data were analyzed using the statistical methods of univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance.\u0000Results: The significant difference in the post-test between the CBT and the control group (P<0.001) in the variable of the combination of CBT and medication with the control group, there is a significant difference in the post-test (P<0.001). The results of the post hoc test demonstrated that the effectiveness of the combination of CBT and medication was significantly higher than that of the CBT and the control group (P<0.001(.\u0000Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, combined CBT and medication in the short term effectively improved and reduced panic symptoms of patients with panic disorder.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45151920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic stress and its correlates among nurses: A case of Central Uganda","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.104","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite an overwhelming disease burden, nursing shortages are evident in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the potential for significant healthcare crises. Nurses face increased work demands and chronic stress due to a skilled personnel shortage, which may lead to stress. The present study aimed to examine chronic stress and its correlates among nurses in central Uganda.\u0000Methods: The 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) for the assessment of chronic stress among nurses, a validated and standardized tool, was used in this cross-sectional study in 2022. For explanatory analysis, the items were combined with dichotomous variables reflecting predictors of chronic stress. These items were used to create dichotomous variables denoting frequent and demanding challenges for exploratory analysis. The relationship between the variables and high levels of chronic stress was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model.\u0000Results: Based on the findings, the majority, 485 (76.0%), had chronic stress. The results indicate that the correlates of chronic stress among participants were widowhood (AOR: 0.040; 95% CI: 0.013-0.127; P= <0.001), being worried about looming deadlines (aOR: 0.003; 95% CI: 0.001-0.023; P = <0.001), long working hours (AOR: 0.283; 95% CI: 0.159-0.504; p=<0.001), insufficient job control (AOR: 0.304; 95% CI: 0.127-0.727; P = 0.007), and inadequate rewards (AOR: 2.554; 95% CI: 1.170-5.574; P = 0.019).\u0000Conclusion: According to our findings, three in four nurses in central Uganda suffer from chronic stress. This can exert a negative impact on their overall well-being and caring behaviors. Chronic stress was associated with widowhood, a looming deadline, long working hours, insufficient job control, and inadequate rewards. It is critical to adapt interventions, such as hiring additional nurses, to reduce workload and ensure adequate rest periods.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42639106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut-brain axis and alcohol dependence: Exploring the role of Psychobiotics in treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.2.102","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic alcohol use adversely impacts the gut, including increased intestinal permeability and alteration in gut microbiota. Recent research has pointed to the association between alteration in gut microbiota and the induction of alcohol cravings. The term “psychobiotics” has been coined for microorganisms that, when ingested in sufficient amounts, may have beneficial effects on psychiatric illnesses. This letter to the editor highlights the possible mechanism underlying the therapeutic role of psychobiotics in addictive disorders and urges the scientific community to direct research focus on this avenue.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46127834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric of Water Intake Questionnaire in Patients with Kidney Stones: Investigation of Socio-Cognitive Determinants","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.101","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Developing a valid and reliable questionnaire is an essential step in field studies. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the socio-cognitive determinants of water intake questionnaire behaviors among patients with kidney stones in the west of Iran.\u0000Materials and Methods: Construct items were elicited from interviewing patients with kidney stones, experts, and socio-cognitive items pool-related similar questionnaires. Internal consistency, as well as face, content, and construct validity, were evaluated. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 20.0). Based on Eigenvalues of ≥ 1.00 and factor loadings of ≥ 0.40, five determinants were extracted.\u0000Results: The calculated Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was 0.697. The socio-cognitive determinants of water intake questionnaires were found to have acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach alpha of determinants between 0.65-0.85), and the theoretical assumptions for face, content, and construct validities were confirmed. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of socio-cognitive determinants was high (ICC between 0.810 - 0.911). In general, the five studied socio-cognitive determinants explained 73.83% of the variance in the proposed model.\u0000Conclusion: The socio-cognitive determinants of the water intake questionnaire were revealed to have an acceptable psychometric evaluation. The questionnaire could be used to predict or explain water intake behavior in order to develop programs to increase water intake behavior among patients with kidney stones.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45052873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Ordinary Spiritual Experiences- some phenomena without a satisfactory explanation","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Some non-ordinary spiritual experiences cannot be explained on a purely materialistic basis since the materialistic model could only partially explain them. The four main groups of such phenomena are: (I) Mediumship: why do some texts have accurate, verifiable information in controlled and blind studies that exclude fraud or coincidence? (II) Memories of past lives: how could some reports have precise verifiable matches, sometimes even with birthmarks from the previous persona? (III) Near-death experiences: how could a few people remember actual events that occurred in the resuscitation period when brain activity was absent? (IV) End-of-life experiences: how come people with dementia due to irreversible brain damage can experience paradoxical lucidity phenomenon? There are aspects in these phenomena that point to the survival of consciousness after death, coming from rigorous research published in peer-reviewed journals. Therefore, science needs a paradigm shift to accommodate the idea of consciousness as an element independent of the brain.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48575303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Approach for Classification Of Mental Tasks From Electroencephalogram Signals","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2023.10.1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis is an important tool for neuroscience, brain-computer interface studies, and biomedical studies. The primary purpose of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) studies is to establish communication between disabled individuals, other individuals, and machines with brain signals. Interpreting and classifying the brain's response during different cognitive tasks will contribute to brain-computer interface studies. Therefore, in this study, five cognitive tasks were classified from EEG signals.\u0000Material and Methods: In this study, five neuropsychological tests (Öktem Verbal Memory Processes Test, WMS-R Visual Memory Subtest, Digit Span Test, Corsi Block Test, and Stroop Test) were administered to 30 healthy individuals. The tests assess the volunteers' abilities in verbal memory, visual memory, attention, concentration, working memory, and reaction time. The EEG signals were recorded while the tests were administered to the volunteers. The tests were classified using two different deep learning algorithms, 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), from the recorded EEG signals.\u0000Results: When the success of the tests was evaluated, classification success was achieved with an accuracy of 88.53% in the CNN deep learning algorithm and 89.80% in the LSTM deep algorithm. Precision, recall, and F1-score values for CNN were calculated at 0.88, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively, while precision, recall, and f1-score values for the LSTM network were obtained at 0.90, 0.89, and 0.89.\u0000Conclusion: Following the findings of the present study, five different cognitive tasks were able to be classified with high accuracy from EEG signals using deep learning algorithms.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48005599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}