Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Depressed Mood as a Risk Factor on COVID-19 Disease Severity","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.101","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: The results of many studies have shown that depression can cause weakened cellular immune control, decreased antibody response to some vaccines, and the development and exacerbation of numerous medical disorders, including viral disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 disease and depression.\u0000Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional multicenter study, conducted between February 2021 and March 2021, patients were randomly selected at the time of positive results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19, and called to assess for a history of depression within the previous two weeks using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Afterward, 14 days later, they were asked about the COVID-19 infection course.\u0000Results: The number of days a patient had a fever, decreased sense of smell or taste, and other symptoms were higher in depressed than in non-depressed individuals (P<0.05). Patients with COVID-19 symptoms (fever and decreased smell or taste) and consequences (hospitalized and intubated) had higher PHQ-9 scores than patients without these symptoms (P<0.05). Moreover, 46.2% of depressed and 18.5% of non-depressed patients reported complications of the disease (including renal, gastrointestinal, vascular, neurological, and skin complications), which was statistically significant (p-value exact test:0.026).\u0000Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between depression and the duration and severity of COVID-19. This preliminary study suggested that baseline depression had adverse effects on the seriousness of COVID-19 disease. More studies with substantial evidence are needed to confirm the causality effect","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45736000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of depression with emotional intelligence and critical thinking in people with narcissistic personality disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.104","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aims: Narcissism is a personality disorder that is conceptualized as the excessive love of self and appears as a great feeling of self, more merit, and superiority. This study aimed to evaluate the prediction of depression with emotional intelligence and critical thinking in people with a narcissistic personality disorder.\u0000Materials and Methods: The statistical population in this descriptive-correlational study included all people with narcissistic personality disorder who were referred to Nik Amal Psychiatric Clinic, Tehran, Iran, in 2022. In total, 130 people were selected using the available sampling method. Ames' narcissistic personality questionnaires, Beck Depression Inventory, Schering Emotional Intelligence Test, and California Critical Thinking Skills Test were administered to collect data. Data analysis was performed using correlational and multivariate regression tests in SPSS software (version 23).\u0000Results: The results showed that emotional intelligence and critical thinking were negatively and significantly associated with depression (P<0.01). Emotional intelligence (62%) and critical thinking (45%) explained the variance in depression scores of people with a narcissistic personality disorder.\u0000Conclusion: To reduce the problem of depression in people with narcissistic personality disorder, it is recommended to increase emotional intelligence and critical thinking","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":"18 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41277313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and Different Brain Areas: Neural Activity and Potential Mechanisms","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.102","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a prevalent mental disorder that reduces the quality of life. It is associated with various psychological, behavioral, and physiological symptoms. A combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors could be traced in depression etiology. Depression affects various parts of the brain, becoming hypoactive and/or hyperactive. Various functions are impaired in depression due to the deregulated secretion of brain neurotransmitters, hormones, and growth factors. Moreover, it leads to immune system dysfunction and structural brain alterations. Therefore, administering proper and effective treatment for depression requires comprehensive knowledge of its underlying causes. All in all, the overview of the role of different brain areas and some of their influencing factors could be beneficial for the treatment of depression.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42566859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hallucination in Relation to Coronavirus Disease: A Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) respiratory manifestations range from mild signs to respiratory failure. Nevertheless, Coronavirus is not limited to the respiratory system and affects other organs, including the central nervous system. In this study, we reported a case of COVID-19 associated with the first episode of psychotic symptoms.\u0000Case presentation: The patient was a 39-year man who was brought to the emergency ward with loss of consciousness, following opioid overdose. He was intubated for airway protection. After the naloxone infusion, he became alert. The brain CT scan was normal, but the findings of the chest CT scan were compatible with COVID-19 involvement. In addition, his throat swab sample was positive. On the second day, he stated that he heard strange voices talking to each other, but he could not figure out where those voices were coming from. He did not experience hallucinations in any other sensory modalities. On the third day, three episodes of generalized tonic colonic seizures suddenly emerged. The brain CT scan demonstrated bilateral parieto-occipital hypoattenuation, which extended to the frontal lobes. Cortical hemorrhage was also seen in the right parietal lobe.\u0000Implications for Practice: The evidence indicates the neuroinvasive potential of COVID-19. Therefore, psychiatric symptoms are a novel phenomenon related to this disease. Clinicians should consider psychiatric representations in COVID-19 patients in order to decrease the complication of this disease.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43197860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Baclofen against Oxidative Stress in Dorsal Hippocampus of Rats with Morphine-Induced Ovarian Polycystic","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Studies have shown that polycystic ovary (PCO) may be induced by morphine and CA1 may be damaged by PCO-related oxidative stress but can be protected by a potent GABAB receptor agonist. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of baclofen against oxidative stress in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) of morphine-treated rats with ovarian cysts.\u0000Materials and Methods:  In total, 66 female Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received saline (1 ml/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], once a day). Experimental groups were treated with morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), baclofen alone (10-30 mg/kg, i.p.), and baclofen (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, i.p.) before morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), once daily. One group received morphine (0.4 µg/rat) once in the ventromedial hypothalamus, and the last ovariectomized group was administered morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) after recovery. Then blood and hippocampus samples were prepared. Moreover, the levels of oxidative stress factors (GPX, MDA, SOD, and CAT), and the intensity of estrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in DH were evaluated. Ovaries and the uterus were also examined biometrically.\u0000Results: In the morphine-treated groups, regardless of the injection method, the development of follicles was rare, compared to the control group, instead, thick-walled follicular cysts were abundant. However, in the groups that received baclofen alone or baclofen together with morphine, the number of cysts decreased and the number of mature follicles increased significantly. Oxidative agents showed high levels in the DH of the morphine-treated group, which correlated with low estrogen receptors in DH. However, baclofen pretreatment improved these conditions. Besides, glucocorticoid receptors in DH did not show significant differences in different groups, and necrosis in the CA1 area was not observed either in the morphine-receiving group or in the other groups. The uterus did not show significant changes in any group.\u0000Conclusion: Prophylactic use of baclofen can protect against morphine side effects.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42109194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Domestic Violence in Primigravidae in Low Socio-Economic Areas of Hamedan, Iran","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.4.100","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Domestic violence against women is a major physical and mental health problem all across the globe. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence in pregnancy, as well as its correlation with sociodemographic and psychological characteristics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 pregnant women who were referred to the health care centers of Hamedan in 2022. Data were collected through a questionnaire that consisted of three parts: sociodemographic characteristics, psychological characteristics, and the questionnaire on domestic violence (Revised Conflict Tactics Scales OR CTS2). Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 20) using descriptive statistics, t-test, and Chi-square. Results: The overall Prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy was 58.6%. The prevalence rates of emotional, sexual, and physical violence were obtained at 46.8%, 31.6%, and 27.7%, respectively. The level of education, occupation, wealth index, as well as alcohol and drug abuse, had a significant relationship with domestic violence (P<0.001). Domestic violence was significantly correlated with unplanned pregnancies (P<0.001), self-esteem (P<0.004), stress (P<0.001), social support (P<0.001), and prenatal depression (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study pointed to a relatively high prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy. Therefore, it is suggested that all prenatal care centers have a screening program to identify domestic violence. Moreover, it is recommended to educate health professionals and women at risk and implement support programs for injured women.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44399767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Pain Catastrophizing and Job Satisfaction of Employees with Migraine Headaches","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Migraine headache (MH) is a common disorder that is observed with severe pains at different levels of disability that can affect a person's performance. In this context, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on pain catastrophizing and job satisfaction of employees with MH.\u0000Materials and Methods: The present semi-experimental research was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The study's statistical population included all employees with MH in Tehran in 2020. The study sample included 30 patients with headaches who were selected using the available sampling method and randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The required data were collected using pain catastrophizing and job satisfaction questionnaires. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of MBCT, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.\u0000Results: The results of the present study showed that MBCT significantly reduced pain catastrophizing and increased job satisfaction among employees with MH (P<0.01).\u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that MBCT was able to reduce the catastrophizing of pain and increase the job satisfaction of employees. For this purpose, it is suggested to hold workshops and programs by psychologists and specialists for employees with MH.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Female Sexual Dysfunction Based on Perceived Stress and Body Dysmorphic Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.106","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: The present research aimed to predict women's sexual dysfunction based on perceived stress and body dysmorphic disorder.\u0000Material and Methods: The research population consisted of all 6,698 married women students of Hamedan Azad University, Hamedan, Iran, in 2020, of which 106 individuals were selected as the research sample (this number increased to 120 as a precaution). Sexual Function Scale, Perceived Stress, and Assessment of Body Dysmorphic were considered to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data.\u0000Results: The results analysis showed that perceived stress is a significant and negative predictor of sexual dysfunction. Body dysmorphic variable could not be a significant predictor of sexual dysfunction. A negative and significant relationship was observed between sexual dysfunction and perceived stress.\u0000Conclusions: The relationship direction indicated that the higher the score of women's sexual function, the lower their mean perceived stress. In addition, no significant relationship at the level of 0.01 was observed between perceived body dysfunction and sexual dysfunction, and between perceived stress and body dysmorphic disorder.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43613748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Mathematical Anxiety Based on Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Mathematical Self-Efficacy in Female High School Students","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: This study aimed to predict math anxiety based on task self-efficacy, knowledge, and cognitive regulation in female students.\u0000Materials and Methods: The statistical population in this descriptive-correlational study included all female first-grade high school students (n=510) in Tuyserkan City of Hamedan, Iran, in the academic year 2018-2019, of whom 217 students were selected as the sample using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included the Usher and Pajares Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scale, Abolghasemi Mathematical Exam Anxiety Scale, and Meta-cognitive Beliefs Questionnaire of Schraw and Dennison. Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression model were used to test the research hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20).\u0000Results: The results of the analysis indicated a positive and significant relationship between meta-cognitive (cognitive knowledge and cognitive regulation) beliefs and students’ mathematical task self-efficacy with mathematical anxiety. However, the models of meta-cognitive beliefs and mathematical self-efficacy could not predict the students’ mathematical anxiety. In addition, each variable of meta-cognitive belief and mathematical self-efficacy alone could not explain the mathematical anxiety in students.\u0000Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study and those obtained in the previous studies, it can be concluded that students with high self-efficacy can control their anxiety in anxious situations better than those with low self-efficacy.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47334351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Spiritual Intelligence and Positive Thinking in the Prediction of Psychological Hardiness in Women Recovered from Addiction","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.100","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: This study aimed to explore the role of spiritual intelligence and positive thinking in the psychological hardiness of women who have recovered from addiction.\u0000Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on a descriptive-correlational design. The research population included women who had quit addiction in addiction treatment centers in Districts 8 and 13 of Tehran in 2021. The participants were 150 women who were selected using simple random sampling. The data were collected using the Self-Report Measure of Spiritual Intelligence, Positive Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, and Psychological Hardiness Scale. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and synchronous multiple regression analysis by SPSS Software (V. 21).\u0000Results: The results showed that spiritual intelligence and positive thinking are significant predictors of psychological hardiness of women recovered from addiction (F=59.09; P<0.001). It was also revealed that psychological hardiness is positively correlated with the dimensions of spiritual intelligence and components of positive thinking (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: Following the findings of the present study, it can be suggested that spiritual intelligence and positive thinking can play a constructive and critical role in the recovery process of women with substance abuse. Moreover, spiritual intelligence and positive thinking can predict psychological hardiness in women quitting the addiction.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47531564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}