Tanzanian economic review最新文献_第9页

Illicit Financial Flows, Theft and Gold Smuggling in Africa 非洲的非法资金流动、盗窃和黄金走私

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v9i1.40

R. Grynberg, J. Nyambe, Fwasa K. Singogo

引用次数: 4

The Effect of the Quality of Governance on Tax Revenue in East Africa 治理质量对东非国家税收的影响

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v9i1.39

Rehema Kahunde, Ibrahim Mukisa, Joweria M. Teera

引用次数: 0

Anthropogenic Drivers of Forest Change in Miombo Ecosystems of South-eastern Tanzania: Implications for REDD+ 坦桑尼亚东南部Miombo生态系统森林变化的人为驱动因素:对REDD+的影响

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v6i1.22

K. Kulindwa, H. Lein, A. Hepelwa, B. Mshale

{"title":"Anthropogenic Drivers of Forest Change in Miombo Ecosystems of South-eastern Tanzania: Implications for REDD+","authors":"K. Kulindwa, H. Lein, A. Hepelwa, B. Mshale","doi":"10.56279/ter.v6i1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v6i1.22","url":null,"abstract":"As the basic purpose of REDD+ is to avoid deforestation and forest degradation, a good understanding of processes that cause deforestation is obviously of importance. However, many REDD+ programs and policies have rather limited focus on the underlying processes behind forest change. Much of the on-going work within the REDD+ framework focus on building institutional capacity (‘REDD readiness'), finding ways or measuring and monitoring carbon, developing institutional facilities, and on the international financing of REDD+. It appears that the discussion of what actually causes deforestation is seen as a more or less resolved and settled issue. This paper argues for a more contextualized understanding of the drivers of forest change in human-dominated Miombo ecosystems of southern Tanzania. This is achieved through addressing two basic empirical research questions: How is the forest changing; and what factors influence forest change? The study is based on quantitative and qualitative data covering both socio-economic and ecological aspects collected in 12 villages of Kilwa and Lindi districts in southern Tanzania. The study shows that there are considerable micro-level variations from village to village as regard both the extent and drivers of deforestation/forest degradation.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81516806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth and Redistribution Components of Changes in Poverty Measures: Household Budget Survey Analysis 2000/01 and 2007 贫困指标变化的增长和再分配因素:2000/01和2007年度家庭预算调查分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v6i1.23

S. Kirama

{"title":"Growth and Redistribution Components of Changes in Poverty Measures: Household Budget Survey Analysis 2000/01 and 2007","authors":"S. Kirama","doi":"10.56279/ter.v6i1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v6i1.23","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimates the impact of growth and income distribution on poverty in Tanzania using Household Budget Surveys’ data for 2000/01 and 2007. The analysis is done by decomposing the change in poverty into growth effect and redistribution effects using the Datt-Ravallion (growth and inequality decomposition). The decomposition of the changes in poverty has been done at the national level. Findings show that the changes in poverty observed in Tanzania are not reflected in the scenario that inequality remained constant over the period. The changes in poverty were expected to be much larger than what is presented in the official statistics. Using the FPL, the decrease is only 1.97%, while in actual fact it was supposed to have decreased by 16.3% during the 2007 growth period, and by 29.2% using the BNPL. If growth in mean consumption was constant as observed in 2001, using the BNPL the change in inequality would have increased poverty by 42.7% (27.03&) in 2001 (2007) growth period. Using the FPL, if growth in mean consumption was constant as observed in 2001, the change in inequality would have increased poverty by 40.9% (14.35) for the 2001(2007) growth period. The implication of the Datt-Ravallion decomposition is that though the growth effect is important in poverty reduction, redistribution would have a significantly positive impact on poverty alleviation. The growth in mean income amidst constant inequality would have had a substantial impact on poverty changes. In addition, policies that address issues of inequality—i.e., redistributive policies—could enhance the positive effects of growth on poverty alleviation more effectively. \u0000JEL Classifications: Q54","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85994335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

The Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries and Economic Growth in Tanzania: An Empirical Analysis 1967–2011 坦桑尼亚非银行金融中介机构与经济增长:1967-2011年的实证分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v6i1.20

Edna D Chuku, M. Ndanshau

{"title":"The Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries and Economic Growth in Tanzania: An Empirical Analysis 1967–2011","authors":"Edna D Chuku, M. Ndanshau","doi":"10.56279/ter.v6i1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v6i1.20","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of development of Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries \u0000(NBFIs) on economic growth in Tanzania using time series data for the period 1967– 2011. It employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration and error correction method to investigate the existence of long-run and short-run dynamics in the relationship between NBFIs and economic growth in Tanzania. Stationarity property of the series was tested by using Phillips-Perron (PP) and Zivot-Andrews methods. Results from the study confirmed the existence of a stable long-run relationship between economic growth, the NBFIs and other determinants— investment, inflation, interest rate, and trade openness. Notable, however, the study found that the development of NBFIs, as measured by lending to the government, exerted a significant positive effect on economic growth in the short-run but not in the long-run. CUSUM and CUSUMQ test results revealed a lack of evidence of any significant structural instability among variables used in the study. The results suggest that it is important to have appropriate policies aimed at developing the non-banks financial sector to foster economic growth over the long-run period.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79203708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Trade Reforms and Total Factor Productivity 贸易改革与全要素生产率

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v6i1.21

W. Alemayehu

{"title":"Trade Reforms and Total Factor Productivity","authors":"W. Alemayehu","doi":"10.56279/ter.v6i1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v6i1.21","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between trade reforms and industry performance has been undecided both on theoretical and empirical grounds. Amidst of this, Ethiopia has undertaken series of trade and other economic reform measures since 1992. The objective of this paper is to assess firm-level TFP heterogeneity in the Ethiopian manufacturing industry during and post-trade reform periods. Based on unbalanced panel data of 8395 manufacturing firms engaging 10 and above persons for the period (1996 and 2007), TFP was estimated using Olley and Pakes (1996) with Yasar et al. (2008) STATA application. The study found heterogeneous firm-level TFP in line with contemporary economic theories with skewed distribution with relatively high concentration of unproductive firms to the left. Import-intensive, exporting, incumbent and also smaller and large-scale firms performed more productively as compared to resource-based, nonexporting, exiting and medium sized firms, respectively, over the entire period. While the manufacturing sector has become more productive during the post-reform period, private, non-exporting, import-dependent, large-scale and incumbent firms contributed a statically significant improvement in TFP scores during this period. These results are consistent with many present-day studies. Despite being based on local-resources, exporting firms have not shown TFP improvement mainly because of the scarcity of raw materials. Overall, the findings suggest that the government may need to investigate the bottlenecks holding back the linkage between agro-processing industries and the agricultural sector to improve the performance of resource-based industries in general, and the exporting firms in particular. Medium scale industries also require an equal support as small enterprises, in terms of access to market, loans and other services so as to cope-up with the competitive push. Otherwise, further trade reform would improve the overall TFP of the manufacturing sector if the necessary precaution is put in place in terms of addressing the above and related bottlenecks. ","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91238178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reconciling Willingness to Pay and Conservation Costs for Sustainable Watershed Management in Tanzania 协调坦桑尼亚可持续流域管理的支付意愿和保护成本

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2016-02-11 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v9i2.45

M. Joseph, A. Hepelwa

{"title":"Reconciling Willingness to Pay and Conservation Costs for Sustainable Watershed Management in Tanzania","authors":"M. Joseph, A. Hepelwa","doi":"10.56279/ter.v9i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v9i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"Effective sustainable natural resource management asks for an integrated approach to allow the involvement of actors in the management process. This paper intends to measure willingness to pay (WTP) and its determinants for watershed conservation,and then link it to the calculated costs of conservation. A cross-sectional data from 200 households residing in Igunga town are analysed using the probit model. The key findings show that, on average, households are willing to pay TZS4,920 per month, which approximately equals TZS260m per year, for the entire number of households in the area. The WTP would cover the calculated cost of conservation, which approximately equals TZS233m per month by more than 100%. Factors that influences WTP positively includes household income level, household head’s number of years of schooling, and house ownership. On the other hand, the price of water per 20 litres and outbreak of water-related diseases decreases household WTP. The implication from the study findings is that, effective conservation of watershed in the study area would require, to large extent, community participation. Policies geared towards improving household income and education access would further benefit water resources management in the area. \u0000Keywords: integrated water resources management, willingness to pay, conservationcosts, Tanzania","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72626653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Stock Prices on Demand for Money: The Case of Kenya 股票价格对货币需求的影响:以肯尼亚为例

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v5i1-2.19

J. Mwanzia, M. Ndanshau, E. Luvanda

引用次数: 12

Determinants of Private Investment in Tanzania: 1970-2015 坦桑尼亚私人投资的决定因素:1970-2015

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v5i1-2.15

A. Kilindo

引用次数: 1

Willingness to Switch From Charcoal to Alternative Energy Sources in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆居民从木炭转向替代能源的意愿

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v5i1-2.16

R. Lokina, G. Mapunda

{"title":"Willingness to Switch From Charcoal to Alternative Energy Sources in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","authors":"R. Lokina, G. Mapunda","doi":"10.56279/ter.v5i1-2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v5i1-2.16","url":null,"abstract":"A majority of the developing countries are characterised by poor performance of the power sector and traditional energy, poor transition from traditional to modern energies. The aspect of cooking fuel choice has been in theory explained by energy ladder theory. According to this theory, households tend to switch from one fuel to another, climbing up a ladder towards more modern energy sources as the income level improves. However, recent observation in developing countries has shown that households do not do a complete switch but rather, consume multiple fuels. Moreover, income has been found as not the only factor influencing the switching patterns of households, thus resulting to a fuel stack hypothesis which has been supported by a number of researchers. Motivated by this fact, and using a sample of 562 randomly selected households from the three municipals of Dar es Salaam region, this study assesses factors that may influence households to switch from charcoal to alternative clean energy sources. It uses logit regression analysis to analyse the data obtained. Descriptive analysis shows that about 20 and 25 percent of the households are still not aware of charcoal indoor pollution and associated health problems, respectively. Also, about 20 percent perceive charcoal as easier to use while only 5 percent state that food cooked using charcoal tastes more delicious that that cooked using other sources of energy. Furthermore, regression analysis finds that household's head age, gender, occupation, expenditure, home ownership, convenience of charcoal and unreliability of modern fuels to be significant factors in explaining such transition.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76878959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7