{"title":"The usefulness of C. elegans life span analysis in screening for functional foods.","authors":"Kayo Yasuda","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caenorhabditis elegans is a type of nematode that has significantly contributed to aging research as a multicellular animal model because of its high reproductive rate, ease of cultivation, low cost, short generation cycle, body transparency, and eukaryotic nature. Since the discovery of long-lived mutant strains of C. elegans, signaling pathways involved in lifespan have been elucidated. Some of these pathways are shared with mammals, indicating that aging research in C. elegans may be applied to other animals, including humans. Studies on the mechanisms of aging have advanced with the availability of mutants for these pathways. In recent years, C. elegans has also contributed to the discovery of antioxidants and the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-aging effects of foods and traditional medicines with lifespan as an indicator. This review summarizes the characteristics of C. elegans for life span analysis associated with functional foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physiology of vitamin B12: a study on its molecular mechanisms using a Caenorhabditis elegans model.","authors":"Tomohiro Bito","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin B12 (B12) is a water-soluble substance that is a member of the B-vitamin family. Its recommended daily dose in adult men and women is 2.4 µg, which is the lowest among the 13 vitamins. B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and neurological disorders. It is also associated with cognitive decline, growth retardation, infertility, and other symptoms. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms of which remain unclear. Caenorhabditis elegans is a small organism, with a length of approximately 1 mm and a lifespan of approximately 3 weeks. It has similar fundamental biological structures, such as the muscles, nervous system, and digestive tract, with mammals. Previous studies have shown that B12 is required for the normal development of C. elegans, similar to that of mammals. The current study aimed to perform a detailed investigation of the mechanisms underlying the development of B12 deficiency using a dietary B12-deficient C. elegans model.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals selectively high expression of beige adipocyte marker genes in mouse perinephric fat.","authors":"Yoshinori Misawa, Yu Takahashi, Takashi Sasaki, Ryuichiro Sato, Yoshio Yamauchi","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae143","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reveal the differences in the properties of visceral adipose tissue in healthy unstimulated mice, we performed transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing. Among visceral adipose tissues, perinephric adipose tissue was found to exclusively express beige adipocyte markers while expressing white adipocyte markers. These results imply potential specific roles of perinephric adipose tissue in both physiological and pathological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1449-1452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic effect of cerium chloride and calcium chloride alters calcium signaling in keratinocytes to promote epidermal differentiation.","authors":"Kei Tsukui, Masamitsu Suzuki, Miyu Amma, Yoshihiro Tokudome","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidermal keratinocytes undergo morphological and functional changes during differentiation, eventually being enucleated to become corneocytes. Calcium has been shown to be involved in various cellular functions of epidermal cells, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Cerium is a lanthanide-series element and rare earth metal. For skin, cerium oxide has been investigated for use in absorbing UV and promoting wound healing. However, the functions and physiological effects of inorganic cerium on the skin have rarely been investigated. Here, we focused on cerium's function in epidermal keratinocytes and its interaction with calcium by investigating their effects on cell differentiation and intracellular calcium concentration. This study showed that applying cerium chloride to epidermal keratinocytes altered calcium signaling. It also suggested that cerium and calcium induced an increase in intracellular calcium concentration and promoted keratinocyte differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1432-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142341805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expression patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana RecQ-like (AtRecQl) genes and the roles of AtRecQl2 and AtRecQl3 in response to abiotic stress.","authors":"Amit Kumar Dutta, Md Firose Hossain, Mst Momtaz Sultana, Takushi Hachiya, Tsuyoshi Nakagawa","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae136","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicases are involved in almost every nucleic acid metabolism process. Within this family, RecQ helicase proteins protect genome integrity across all organisms through DNA recombination, repair, and replication. This study focused on five Arabidopsis thaliana RecQ-like (AtRecQl) genes with diverse functionalities. Analysis of ProAtRecQl: GUS expression during vegetative and reproductive development stages revealed organ- and tissue-specific patterns. Changes in AtRecQls transcript levels in response to abiotic stressors suggest their involvement in diverse stimuli responses. Notably, germination and growth rates were lower in atrecql2 and atrecql3 mutants under various salt concentrations and cold conditions. These findings indicate that AtRecQl2 and AtRecQl3 act as positive regulators of abiotic stress tolerance during the germinative and postgerminative phases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1411-1423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142341801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carnosic acid inhibits integrin expression and prevents pulmonary metastasis of melanoma.","authors":"Sachi Shibata, Kohei Yamada, Shigeyuki Kon","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carnosic acid is a naturally occurring, plant-derived polyphenolic abietane diterpene with anti-tumor properties. However, its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of carnosic acid on lung metastasis in a murine melanoma model. C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with B16-BL6 cells, followed by carnosic acid treatment. Lung weights were recorded, and tumor cell colonies were counted at the end of the experiment. Integrin expression was evaluated using flow cytometry and cell adhesion assays. Lung weights were significantly lower in the carnosic acid group than in the control group, indicating the suppression of metastasis. Carnosic acid suppressed α4 integrin expression in B16-BL6 cells and inhibited α4 and α9 integrin-dependent cell adhesion. Thus, our data suggest that carnosic acid prevents lung metastasis, possibly by suppressing integrin expression. Our findings support the clinical application of carnosic acid as a potential natural anti-tumor agent, offering a complementary approach to conventional therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of sesquiterpene aldehydes as volatile antifungal compounds in Phaeolepiota aurea culture filtrate.","authors":"Kota Seki, Tomoya Tanaka, Emiko Shimoda, Shinji Tanio, Ryo C Yanagita, Tsugumi Miyazaki, Kento Tokumoto, Toshiaki Tazawa, Kumiko Osaki-Oka, Atsushi Ishihara","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The culture filtrate extract of golden bootleg (Phaeolepiota aurea) exhibited strong antifungal activity in a bioassay for volatile compounds. Purification of active compounds through silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography isolated two compounds, 1 and 2, with molecular weights of 234 and 259, respectively, as confirmed by mass spectrometry. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis identified these compounds as new sesquiterpenoids with the α-bourbonene skeleton. Both compounds had an aldehyde group, while 2 possessed a cyanohydrin group. These compounds were named phaeolep aldehydes A (1) and B (2). Phaeolep aldehyde A inhibited hyphae elongation of Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, and Alternaria brassicicola at 10 ppm, but did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. In contrast, phaeolep aldehyde B exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the spore germination of Pe. citrinum, achieving 58.2% inhibition at 0.25 ppm, outperforming phaeolep aldehyde A, which exhibited 25.7% inhibition at 10 ppm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decomposition of brown algae in the ocean by microbiota: biological insights for recycling blue carbon.","authors":"Natsuko Katsuhiro, Kanomi Sato, Ryuichi Takase, Shigeyuki Kawai, Kohei Ogura, Wataru Hashimoto","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae126","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brown algae are one of the most abundant biomasses on Earth. To recycle them as blue carbon sources, an effective decomposition system is necessary. This study focused on microorganisms present in seawater that decompose brown algae which contain laminarin and alginate. Where Undaria and Sargassum spp. were present, genera Psychromonas, Psychrobacter, and Pseudoalteromonas were predominant in seawater, while genera Arcobacter and Fusobacterium increased in abundance during the process of decomposition. The inoculation of Undaria samples into laminarin-minimal media led to a predominance of Pseudoalteromonas species. A Pseudoalteromonas isolate, identified as Pseudoalteromonas distincta, possesses genes encoding a putative laminarinase, polysaccharide lyase family 6 (PL6) alginate lyases, and a PL7 alginate lyase. The culture media of P. distincta contained no monosaccharides, suggesting the rapid conversion of polysaccharides to metabolites. These findings indicated that Pseudoalteromonas species play a major role in the decomposition of brown algae and affect the microbiota associated with them.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1487-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward Nanoscale Structural and Chemical Analysis of Microbial Surfaces.","authors":"Ryo Kato, Keisuke Miyazawa, Takumi Imura, Takeo Minamikawa","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial surfaces play a critical role in various biological processes including cell adhesion and biofilm formation. Understanding these surfaces at the nanoscale is essential for both fundamental and applied microbiology. This review explores recent advancements in nanoscale structural and chemical analyses of microbial surfaces, with a focus on vibrational spectroscopy, such as Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The review also discusses current challenges of these techniques, including variability in sample preparation and the reproducibility of data, and highlights future directions in nanoscale analysis that could lead to new insights in microbial physiology, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffusion of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) oligomeric polyphenols from seed coats to cotyledons during boiling.","authors":"Yutaka Aoyama, Kaoru Masuda, Satoko Mitsui, Takuya Yokoi","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae142","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbae142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) are major legumes in East Asia, commonly used in traditional Japanese confections in the form of a paste. Although various types of polyphenols are present in seed coats, there are no reports on the diffusion of polyphenols to cotyledons during boiling. This study revealed that oligomeric polyphenols-such as dimeric and more proanthocyanidins-diffused more easily from seed coats to cotyledons than monomeric polyphenols-such as (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin-during heating. Microscopy suggested that diffusing polyphenols were bound to cotyledon proteins. Furthermore, bound polyphenols, poorly extracted by ethanol and acetone, contributed to the 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity of cooked cotyledons. Thus, smooth adzuki bean paste, made by boiling adzuki beans and removing the seed coats, contains oligomeric polyphenols that contribute to its antioxidant activity. By clarifying further physiological activities of polyphenols diffused through cotyledons, adzuki bean paste can be a potential functional ingredient.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1453-1464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}