Boundary-Layer Meteorology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Local Terrain Features on Urban Airflow","authors":"Matthew Coburn, Christina Vanderwel, Steven Herring, Zheng-Tong Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00831-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00831-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Past work has shown that coupling can exist between atmospheric air flows at street scale (O(0.1 km)) and city scale (O(10 km)). It is generally impractical at present to develop high-fidelity urban simulations capable of capturing such effects. This limitation imposes a need to develop better parameterisations for meso-scale models but an information gap exists in that past work has generally focused on simplified urban geometries and assumed the buildings to be on flat ground. This study aimed to begin to address this gap in a systematic way by using the large eddy simulation method with synthetic turbulence inflow boundary conditions to simulate atmospheric air flows over the University of Southampton campus. Both flat and realistic terrains were simulated, including significant local terrain features, such as two valleys with a width about 50 m and a depth about average building height, and a step change of urban roughness height. The numerical data were processed to obtain averaged vertical profiles of time-averaged velocities and second order turbulence statistics. The flat terrain simulation was validated against high resolution particle image velocimetry data, and the impact of uncertainty in defining the turbulence intensity in the synthetic inflow method was assessed. The ratio between realistic and flat terrains of time-mean streamwise velocity at the same ground level height over a terrain crest location can be >2, while over a valley trough it can be <0.5. Further data analysis conclusively showed that the realistic terrain can have a considerable effect on global quantities, such as the depth of the spanwise-averaged internal boundary layer and spatially-averaged turbulent kinetic energy. These highlight the potential impact that local terrain features (O(0.1 km)) may have on near-field dispersion and the urban micro-climate.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Deep Boundary Layers","authors":"Abhishek Mishra, Marco Placidi, Matteo Carpentieri, Alan Robins","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand the effect of building array size ( N ), aspect ratio ( AR ), and the spacing between buildings ( $$W_S$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;S&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; ) on the mean structure and decay of their wakes. Arrays of size 3 $$times $$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;×&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; 3, 4 $$times $$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;×&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; 4,and 5 $$times $$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;×&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; 5, AR = 4, 6, and 8, and $$W_S$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;S&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; = 0.5 $$W_B$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;B&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; , 1 $$W_B$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;B&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; , 2 $$W_B$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;B&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; and 4 $$W_B$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;B&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; (where $$W_B$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;B&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; is the building width) were considered. Three different wake regimes behind the building clusters were identified: near-, transition-, and far-wake regimes. The results suggest that the spatial extent of these wake regimes is governed by the overall array width ( $$W_A$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;A&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; ). The effects of individual buildings are observed to be dominant in the near-wake regime ( $$0&lt;x/W_A&lt; {0.45}$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:mrow&gt; &lt;mml:mn&gt;0&lt;/mml:mn&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;x&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;/&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;A&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:mrow&gt; &lt;mml:mn&gt;0.45&lt;/mml:mn&gt; &lt;/mml:mrow&gt; &lt;/mml:mrow&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; ) where individual wakes appear behind each building. These wakes are observed to merge in the transition-wake region ( $${0.45}&lt; x/W_A &lt; 1.5$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt; &lt;mml:mrow&gt; &lt;mml:mrow&gt; &lt;mml:mn&gt;0.45&lt;/mml:mn&gt; &lt;/mml:mrow&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;x&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;/&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;W&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;mml:mi&gt;A&lt;/mml:mi&gt; &lt;/mml:msub&gt; &lt;mml:mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mml:mo&gt; &lt;mml:mn&gt;1.5&lt;/mml:mn&gt; &lt;/mml:mrow&gt; &lt;/mml:math&gt; ), forming a combined wake in which the individual contributions are no longer apparent. In the far-wake regime ( $$x/W_A &gt; 1.5$$ &lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relaxed Eddy Accumulation Method Over the Amazon Forest: The Importance of Flux Strength on Individual and Aggregated Flux Estimates","authors":"Nelson Luís Dias, Ivan Mauricio Cely Toro, Cléo Quaresma Dias-Júnior, Luca Mortarini, Daiane Brondani","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00829-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00829-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Uncertainties of Radiative Transfer Calculation in Urban Canopy Models","authors":"Robert Schoetter, Cyril Caliot, Tin-Yuet Chung, Robin J. Hogan, Valéry Masson","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00827-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00827-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating the Career of Evgeni Fedorovich: Explorer of the Boundary-Layer Realm and Ambassador for the Community","authors":"Alan Shapiro, William Anderson, Dmitrii Mironov, Elie Bou-Zeid, Andrey Grachev","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00828-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00828-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Thermally Driven Slope Winds: Recent Advances and Open Questions","authors":"Sofia Farina, Dino Zardi","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00821-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00821-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper reviews recent advances in our understanding about the dynamics of thermally driven winds over sloping terrain. Major progress from recent experiments, both in the field and in the laboratory, are outlined. Achievements from numerical modelling efforts, including both parameterized turbulence and large eddy simulation approaches, up to direct numerical simulations, are also reviewed. Finally, theoretical insights on the nature of turbulence in such winds are analyzed along with applications which benefit from progress in understanding of these flows. Open questions to be faced for further investigations are finally highlighted.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136192057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric Small-Scale Turbulence from Three-Dimensional Hot-film Data","authors":"L. Freire, M. Chamecki, Edward G. Patton","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00826-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00826-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind-Tunnel Reproduction of Nonuniform Terrains Using Local Roughness Zones","authors":"Nasrollah Alinejad, Sungmoon Jung, Grzegorz Kakareko, Pedro L. Fernández-Cabán","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00822-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00822-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"188 1","pages":"463 - 484"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43972719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turbulence in the Mixed Layer Over an Urban Area: A New York City Case Study","authors":"G. Rios, P. Ramamurthy","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00819-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00819-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"188 1","pages":"419 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46507874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriate Momentum Provision for Numerical Simulations of Horizontally Homogeneous Urban Canopies Using Periodic Boundary Conditions","authors":"Toshiki Sanemitsu, N. Ikegaya, Tsubasa Okaze, J. Finnigan","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00823-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00823-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"188 1","pages":"485 - 522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45966268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}