Boundary-Layer Meteorology最新文献_第4页

Quantification of Approaching Wind Uncertainty in Flow over Realistic Plant Canopies 逼近风力的不确定性在流经真实植物顶篷时的量化

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00848-4

Beatrice Giacomini, Marco G. Giometto

{"title":"Quantification of Approaching Wind Uncertainty in Flow over Realistic Plant Canopies","authors":"Beatrice Giacomini, Marco G. Giometto","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00848-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00848-4","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical simulations and in-situ measurements represent two important and synergistic pillars for the study of flow and transport in plant canopies. Due to model limitations and parameter uncertainty, the alignment of model predictions with actual observations is challenging in practice. The present work proposes a Bayesian uncertainty quantification (UQ) framework that estimates the approaching wind angle parameter for large-eddy simulation (LES) of flow in plant canopies by assimilating data from in-situ measurements. The framework is applied to LES of flow within and above realistic plant canopy, with plant area density derived from light detection and ranging measurements. Uncertainty on approaching wind direction is characterized via a Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure, and propagated through Monte Carlo sampling to wind speed and resolved Reynolds stresses. Given the substantial computational cost of LES, a surrogate model based on an exiguous number of LESs is used for flow simulations within the UQ framework. As a result of the analysis, the UQ solution is given by probability density functions of selected flow statistics at different heights. Profiles of mean ± standard deviation for the considered flow statistics exhibit excellent agreement with corresponding observations, proving that the proposed approach is able to calibrate the approaching wind angle parameter, and that the quantified uncertainty captures discrepancies between observations and model results. Overall, the present work highlights the potential of UQ to enhance predictions of exchange processes between vegetation canopy and atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139587423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Street Trees on Turbulent Fluctuations and Transport Processes in an Urban Canyon: A Wind Tunnel Study 行道树对城市峡谷湍流波动和传输过程的影响：风洞研究

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00843-9

Annika Vittoria Del Ponte, Sofia Fellini, Massimo Marro, Maarten van Reeuwijk, Luca Ridolfi, Pietro Salizzoni

{"title":"Influence of Street Trees on Turbulent Fluctuations and Transport Processes in an Urban Canyon: A Wind Tunnel Study","authors":"Annika Vittoria Del Ponte, Sofia Fellini, Massimo Marro, Maarten van Reeuwijk, Luca Ridolfi, Pietro Salizzoni","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00843-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00843-9","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of vegetation within urban canyons leads to non-trivial patterns of the concentration of airborne pollutants, as a result of the complex structure of the velocity field. To investigate the relationship between concentration, velocity fields and vegetation density, we have performed wind-tunnel experiments in a reduced-scale street canyon, oriented perpendicular to the external wind flow, within which we placed a steady ground-level line source of a passive tracer. The aerodynamic behavior of vegetation was reproduced by inserting plastic miniatures of trees along the two long sides of the canyon, according to three different densities. The canyon ventilation was investigated by acquiring one-point simultaneous statistics of concentration and velocity over a dense grid of points within the canyon. The results show that the presence of trees hinders the upward mean vertical velocity at the rooftop, causes a reduction of the turbulent kinetic energy inside the canyon, and reduces the energy content of the large scales. The scalar concentration is conversely characterized by an enhanced level of turbulent fluctuations, whose magnitude is not dampened increasing the tree density. Within the canyon, high tree density inhibits turbulent mass fluxes, which are instead enhanced at roof level, where the mean component of the scalar flux is however hindered. A statistical analysis of concentration time series reveals that the lognormal distribution is suitable to model concentration fluctuations and extreme events, in dispersing plumes emitted by a linear source.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139558532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turbulence in the Strongly Heterogeneous Near-Surface Boundary Layer over Patchy Snow 成片积雪上强异质近地表边界层中的湍流

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00856-4

Michael Haugeneder, Michael Lehning, Ivana Stiperski, Dylan Reynolds, Rebecca Mott

{"title":"Turbulence in the Strongly Heterogeneous Near-Surface Boundary Layer over Patchy Snow","authors":"Michael Haugeneder, Michael Lehning, Ivana Stiperski, Dylan Reynolds, Rebecca Mott","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00856-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00856-4","url":null,"abstract":"The near-surface boundary layer above patchy snow cover in mountainous terrain is characterized by a highly complex interplay of various flows on multiple scales. In this study, we present data from a comprehensive field campaign that cover a period of 21 days of the ablation season in an alpine valley, from continuous snow cover until complete melt out. We recorded near-surface eddy covariance data at different heights and investigated spectral decompositions. The topographic setting led to the categorisation of flows into up and down valley flows, with a down valley Föhn event in the middle of the observation period. Our findings reveal that the snow cover fraction is a major driver for the structure and dynamics of the atmospheric layer adjacent to the snow surface. With bare ground emerging, stable internal boundary layers (SIBL) developed over the snow. As the snow coverage decreased, the depth of the SIBL decreased below 1 m and spectra of air temperature variance showed a transition towards turbulent time scales, which were caused by the intermittent advection of shallow plumes of warm air over the snow surface. The intermittent advection could also be observed visually with high spatio-temporal resolution measurements using a thermal infrared camera. While the shallow advection only affected the lowest measurement level at 0.3 m, the measurements above at 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m indicate that the distribution of eddy size and, thus, the turbulence structure, did not distinctly change with height.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139558536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Urban Morphology and an Upstream Tall Building on the Scale Interaction Between the Overlying Boundary Layer and a Street Canyon 城市形态和上游高楼对上覆边界层与街道峡谷之间的尺度相互作用的影响

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00844-8

引用次数: 0

A Study of Intermittent Turbulence in Stable Arctic Boundary Layers 稳定北极边界层中的间歇性湍流研究

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00847-5

Brian J. Butterworth, Gijs Boer, Dale Lawrence

引用次数: 1

Impact of Uncertainties in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height on the Numerical Simulation of Chemical Species 大气边界层高度的不确定性对化学物质数值模拟的影响

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00846-6

Shuzhan Ren, Craig A. Stroud

{"title":"Impact of Uncertainties in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height on the Numerical Simulation of Chemical Species","authors":"Shuzhan Ren, Craig A. Stroud","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00846-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00846-6","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertainties in the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABL-H) are associated either with the uncertainties in meteorological fields or the definition of the ABL-H. When the ABL-H is involved in ABL parameterization schemes these uncertainties can have impacts on numerical simulation of chemical species. The impacts are examined numerically by employing a 1-D diffusion model with the K-profile scheme and 3-D air quality forecast model with the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE)-based scheme. The dependency on the ABL-H in the two schemes is very different. Sensitivity tests with the 1-D model show that the over-estimated/under-estimated ABL-H leads to the decrease/increase of concentration of tracers under both stable and unstable conditions due to the increase/decrease of the volume of tracers within the ABL. Under unstable conditions, the over-estimated/under-estimated ABL-H also enhances/weakens the vertical diffusivity, and leads to the decrease/increase of the concentration of tracers for the negative/positive vertical gradient of tracer. These impacts result in a little change with height within the ABL. The impacts of the ABL-H through the counter-gradient term and entrainment flux are much smaller than the impact through changing the volume of the ABL and vertical diffusivity in the ABL. Sensitivity tests with the 3-D numerical model with the TKE scheme show that over urban areas the over-estimated/under-estimated ABL-H leads to the increase/decrease of TKE in the whole ABL but does not always lead to stronger/weaker diffusivity and lower/higher concentrations of chemical species.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139460258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Small-Scale Topographical Variations and Fetch from Roughness Elements on the Stable Boundary Layer Turbulence Statistics 小尺度地形变化和粗糙度要素褶皱对稳定边界层湍流统计的影响

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00855-5

S. Bhimireddy, Jielun Sun, Junming Wang, D. Kristovich, A. Hiscox

引用次数: 0

A Model for Low-Frequency, Anisotropic Wind Fluctuations and Coherences in the Marine Atmosphere 海洋大气低频各向异性风波动和相干模型

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-023-00850-w

Abdul Haseeb Syed, Jakob Mann

{"title":"A Model for Low-Frequency, Anisotropic Wind Fluctuations and Coherences in the Marine Atmosphere","authors":"Abdul Haseeb Syed, Jakob Mann","doi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00850-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00850-w","url":null,"abstract":"To assess dynamic loads, large offshore wind turbines need detailed and reliable statistical information on the inflow turbulence. We present a model that includes low frequencies down to (sim 1) hr(^{-1}) using the observed (S(f) propto f^{-5/3}) in that range. The presented model contains a parameter representing the anisotropy of the two-dimensional, incompressible turbulence, and it assumes the low-frequency fluctuations to be homogeneous in the vertical direction. Combined with a three-dimensional model for the smaller scales, the model can predict correlations between different points. We have validated the model against two offshore wind data sets: a nacelle-mounted, forward-looking Doppler lidar with four beams at the Hywind Scotland offshore wind farm and sonic anemometer measurements at the FINO1 research platform in the North Sea. One-point auto spectra and two-point cross spectra were calculated after splitting the data into different atmospheric stability classes. The relative strength of the 2D low-frequency fluctuations to the 3D fluctuations was higher under stable conditions. The combined 2D+3D model was able to fit the measured spectra with good accuracy and could then predict the two-point cross spectra, co-coherences, and phase angles between wind fluctuations at different lateral and vertical separations. Good agreement was found between the measured and predicted values, albeit with exceptions. The model can generate stochastic wind fields for investigating wake meandering in wind farms or dynamic loads on floating wind turbines.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139421832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transfer Efficiency and Organization in Turbulent Transport over Alpine Tundra. 阿尔卑斯苔原上湍流传输的传输效率和组织。

IF 2.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-024-00879-5

Laura Mack, Terje Koren Berntsen, Nikki Vercauteren, Norbert Pirk

{"title":"Transfer Efficiency and Organization in Turbulent Transport over Alpine Tundra.","authors":"Laura Mack, Terje Koren Berntsen, Nikki Vercauteren, Norbert Pirk","doi":"10.1007/s10546-024-00879-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10546-024-00879-5","url":null,"abstract":"The exchange of momentum, heat and trace gases between atmosphere and surface is mainly controlled by turbulent fluxes. Turbulent mixing is usually parametrized using Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST), which was derived for steady turbulence over homogeneous and flat surfaces, but is nevertheless routinely applied to unsteady turbulence over non-homogeneous surfaces. We study four years of eddy-covariance measurements at a highly heterogeneous alpine valley site in Finse, Norway, to gain insights into the validity of MOST, the turbulent transport mechanisms and the contributing coherent structures. The site exhibits a bimodal topography-following flux footprint, with the two dominant wind sectors characterized by organized and strongly negative momentum flux, but different anisotropy and contributions of submeso-scale motions, leading to a failure of eddy-diffusivity closures and different transfer efficiencies for different scalars. The quadrant analysis of the momentum flux reveals that under stable conditions sweeps transport more momentum than the more frequently occurring ejections, while the opposite is observed under unstable stratification. From quadrant analysis, we derive the ratio of the amount of disorganized to organized structures, that we refer to as organization ratio (OR). We find an invertible relation between transfer efficiency and corresponding organization ratio with an algebraic sigmoid function. The organization ratio further explains the scatter around scaling functions used in MOST and thus indicates that coherent structures modify MOST. Our results highlight the critical role of coherent structures in turbulent transport in heterogeneous tundra environments and may help to find new parametrizations for numerical weather prediction or climate models.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"190 9","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11358334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using the Sensible Heat Flux Eddy Covariance-Based Exchange Coefficient to Calculate Latent Heat Flux from Moisture Mean Gradients Over Snow. 利用基于涡协方差的显热通量交换系数计算雪上湿度平均梯度的潜热通量。

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Boundary-Layer Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10546-024-00864-y

Sergi González-Herrero, Armin Sigmund, Michael Haugeneder, Océane Hames, Hendrik Huwald, Joel Fiddes, Michael Lehning

{"title":"Using the Sensible Heat Flux Eddy Covariance-Based Exchange Coefficient to Calculate Latent Heat Flux from Moisture Mean Gradients Over Snow.","authors":"Sergi González-Herrero, Armin Sigmund, Michael Haugeneder, Océane Hames, Hendrik Huwald, Joel Fiddes, Michael Lehning","doi":"10.1007/s10546-024-00864-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-024-00864-y","url":null,"abstract":"In absence of the high-frequency measurements of wind components, sonic temperature and water vapour required by the eddy covariance (EC) method, Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is often used to calculate heat fluxes. However, MOST requires assumptions of stability corrections and roughness lengths. In most environments and weather situations, roughness length and stability corrections have high uncertainty. Here, we revisit the modified Bowen-ratio method, which we call C-method, to calculate the latent heat flux over snow. In the absence of high-frequency water vapour measurements, we use sonic anemometer data, which have become much more standard. This method uses the exchange coefficient for sensible heat flux to estimate latent-heat flux. Theory predicts the two exchange coefficients to be equal and the method avoids assuming roughness lengths and stability corrections. We apply this method to two datasets from high mountain (Alps) and polar (Antarctica) environments and compare it with MOST and the three-layer model (3LM). We show that roughness length has a great impact on heat fluxes calculated using MOST and that different calculation methods over snow lead to very different results. Instead, the 3LM leads to good results, in part due to the fact that it avoids roughness length assumptions to calculate heat fluxes. The C-method presented performs overall better or comparable to established MOST with different stability corrections and provides results comparable to the direct EC method. An application of this method is provided for a new station installed in the Pamir mountains.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10546-024-00864-y.","PeriodicalId":9153,"journal":{"name":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","volume":"190 5","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11068579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0