ISRN hepatology最新文献

Hepatic Encephalopathy: From the Pathogenesis to the New Treatments. 肝性脑病:从发病机制到新的治疗方法。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-06-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/236268

Juan Cordoba

引用次数: 29

The Wide and Complex Field of NAFLD Biomarker Research: Trends. NAFLD生物标志物研究的广泛和复杂领域:趋势。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-04-28 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/846923

Erika Wichro, Tanja Macheiner, Jasmin Schmid, Barbara Kavsek, Karine Sargsyan

{"title":"The Wide and Complex Field of NAFLD Biomarker Research: Trends.","authors":"Erika Wichro, Tanja Macheiner, Jasmin Schmid, Barbara Kavsek, Karine Sargsyan","doi":"10.1155/2014/846923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/846923","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now acknowledged as a complex public health issue linked to sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and related disorders like type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Aims. We aimed to retrieve its trends out of the huge amount of published data. Therefore, we conducted an extensive literature search to identify possible biomarker and/or biomarker combinations by retrospectively assessing and evaluating common and novel biomarkers to predict progression and prognosis of obesity related liver diseases. Methodology. We analyzed finally 62 articles accounting for 157 cohorts and 45,288 subjects. Results. Despite the various approaches, most cohorts were considerably small and rarely comparable. Also, we found that the same standard parameters were measured rather than novel biomarkers. Diagnostics approaches appeared incomparable. Conclusions. Further collaborative investigations on harmonizing ways of data acquisition and identifying such biomarkers for clinical use are necessary to yield sufficient significant results of potential biomarkers. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"846923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/846923","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34668352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Application of Real-Time Tissue Elastography with a Low Frequency Convex Array Probe: A Noninvasive Approach to Differential Diagnosis of Liver Tumors. 实时组织弹性成像与低频凸阵列探针的应用:一种无创肝肿瘤鉴别诊断方法。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-04-01 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/378243

Juan Wang, Hong Ai, Long Guo, Lifang Tan, Huilin Gong, Wei Wei, Litao Ruan

{"title":"Application of Real-Time Tissue Elastography with a Low Frequency Convex Array Probe: A Noninvasive Approach to Differential Diagnosis of Liver Tumors.","authors":"Juan Wang, Hong Ai, Long Guo, Lifang Tan, Huilin Gong, Wei Wei, Litao Ruan","doi":"10.1155/2014/378243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/378243","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate diagnostic performance of real-time tissue elastography (RTE) with a low frequency convex array probe for distinguishing benign from malignant hepatic tumors through trans-abdominal examination, elasticity images of 210 liver tumors were obtained by EUB-7500 (Hitachi Medical Systems and 3.5 MHz probe) and eventually 121 liver tumors were analyzed in the study. Elasticity images were classified into four types, from type a to d. Regarding type a or b as benign tumors and type c or d as malignant ones, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated and the consistency between the findings of RTE and the pathohistological diagnosis was evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were separately 97.2%, 88.0%, and 93.4% (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a good consistency between the findings of RTE and the pathological diagnosis (kappa value 0.86). Among elasticity images of all the malignant tumors, the hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) mainly appeared in type c, and liver metastatic cancers in type d. Thus, RTE utilized as a novel noninvasive imaging examination method enables us to distinguish benign from malignant liver tumors. Moreover, it provides certain information for the differential diagnosis between HCCs and liver metastatic cancers. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"378243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/378243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Evolution of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: Tips. 经颈静脉肝内门静脉系统分流的演变:提示。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-03-18 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/762096

Fabrizio Fanelli

{"title":"The Evolution of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: Tips.","authors":"Fabrizio Fanelli","doi":"10.1155/2014/762096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/762096","url":null,"abstract":"Since Richter's description in the literature in 1989 of the first procedure on human patients, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been worldwide considered as a noninvasive technique to manage portal hypertension complications. TIPS succeeds in lowering the hepatic sinusoidal pressure and in increasing the circulatory flow, thus reducing sodium retention, ascites recurrence, and variceal bleeding. Required several revisions of the shunt TIPS can be performed in case of different conditions such as hepatorenal syndrome, hepatichydrothorax, portal vein thrombosis, and Budd-Chiari syndrome. Most of the previous studies on TIPS procedure were based on the use of bare stents and most patients chose TIPS 2-3 years after traditional treatment, thus making TIPS appear to be not superior to endoscopy in survival rates. Bare stents were associated with higher incidence of shunt failure and consequently patients required several revisions during the follow-up. With the introduction of a dedicated e-PTFE covered stent-graft, these problems were completely solved, No more reinterventions are required with a tremendous improvement of patient's quality of life. One of the main drawbacks of the use of e-PTFE covered stent-graft is higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy. In those cases refractory to the conventional medical therapy, a shunt reduction must be performed. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"762096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/762096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma beyond Milan Criteria: Multidisciplinary Approach to Improve Outcome. 超越米兰标准的肝细胞癌肝移植：多学科方法提高疗效。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-03-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/706945

A Kornberg

{"title":"Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma beyond Milan Criteria: Multidisciplinary Approach to Improve Outcome.","authors":"A Kornberg","doi":"10.1155/2014/706945","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2014/706945","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of the Milan criteria (MC) in 1996 has dramatically improved prognosis after liver transplantation (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver transplantation has, thereby, become the standard therapy for patients with \"early-stage\" HCC on liver cirrhosis. The MC were consequently adopted by United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) and Eurotransplant for prioritization of patients with HCC. Recent advancements in the knowledge about tumor biology, radiographic imaging techniques, locoregional interventional treatments, and immunosuppressive medications have raised a critical discussion, if the MC might be too restrictive and unjustified keeping away many patients from potentially curative LT. Numerous transplant groups have, therefore, increasingly focussed on a stepwise expansion of selection criteria, mainly based on tumor macromorphology, such as size and number of HCC nodules. Against the background of a dramatic shortage of donor organs, however, simple expansion of tumor macromorphology may not be appropriate to create a safe extended criteria system. In contrast, rather the implementation of reliable prognostic parameters of tumor biology into selection process prior to LT is mandatory. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach of pre-, peri-, and posttransplant modulating of the tumor and/or the patient has to be established for improving prognosis in this special subset of patients. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"706945"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4890913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tumor Hemodynamics and Hepatocarcinogenesis: Radio-Pathological Correlations and Outcomes of Carcinogenic Hepatocyte Nodules. 肿瘤血流动力学和肝癌发生:致癌肝细胞结节的放射病理相关性和预后。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-03-03 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/607628

Kazuhiko Ueda, Osamu Matsui, Azusa Kitao, Satoshi Kobayashi, Jun Nakayama, Shinich Miyagawa, Masumi Kadoya

{"title":"Tumor Hemodynamics and Hepatocarcinogenesis: Radio-Pathological Correlations and Outcomes of Carcinogenic Hepatocyte Nodules.","authors":"Kazuhiko Ueda, Osamu Matsui, Azusa Kitao, Satoshi Kobayashi, Jun Nakayama, Shinich Miyagawa, Masumi Kadoya","doi":"10.1155/2014/607628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/607628","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor hemodynamics of carcinogenic hepatocytes nodules, that is, low grade dysplastic nodules, high grade dysplastic nodules, early hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and progressed HCCs, change during multistep dedifferentiation of the nodules. Morphometric analyses of inflow vessels of these nodules indicate that the portal veins of carcinogenic hepatocyte nodules monotonically decrease whereas the arteries bitonically change, first decrease and then increase. Findings on imaging techniques depicting these changes in tumor blood inflows, especially intra-arterial contrast-enhanced computed tomography, closely related not only to the histological differentiation of the nodules but also to the outcomes of the nodules. Histological analyses of connections between the vessels within the tumors and those in the surrounding livers and findings on imaging techniques indicate that drainage vessels of HCC change from hepatic veins to hepatic sinusoids and then to portal veins during multistep hepatocarcinogenesis. Understanding of tumor hemodynamics through radio-pathological correlations will be helpful in drawing up therapeutic strategies for carcinogenic hepatocyte nodules arising in cirrhosis. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"607628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/607628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Cholangiocarcinoma: Biology, Clinical Management, and Pharmacological Perspectives. 胆管癌:生物学、临床管理和药理学观点。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-02-16 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/828074

Rocio I R Macias

{"title":"Cholangiocarcinoma: Biology, Clinical Management, and Pharmacological Perspectives.","authors":"Rocio I R Macias","doi":"10.1155/2014/828074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/828074","url":null,"abstract":"Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or tumor of the biliary tree, is a rare and heterogeneous group of malignancies associated with a very poor prognosis. Depending on their localization along the biliary tree, CCAs are classified as intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal, and these subtypes are now considered different entities that differ in tumor biology, the staging system, management, and prognosis. When diagnosed, an evaluation by a multidisciplinary team is essential; the team must decide on the best therapeutic option. Surgical resection of tumors with negative margins is the best option for all subtypes of CCA, although this is only achieved in less than 50% of cases. Five-year survival rates have increased in the recent past owing to improvements in imaging techniques, which permits resectability to be predicted more accurately, and in surgery. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are relatively ineffective in treating nonoperable tumors and the resistance of CCA to these therapies is a major problem. Although the combination of gemcitabine plus platinum derivatives is the pharmacological treatment most widely used, to date there is no standard chemotherapy, and new combinations with targeted drugs are currently being tested in ongoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the biology, clinical management, and pharmacological perspectives of these complex tumors. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"828074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/828074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Improved Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels after Iron Reduction Therapy in HCV Patients. HCV患者铁还原治疗后血清甲胎蛋白水平的改善。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-02-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/875140

Hidenao Noritake, Yoshimasa Kobayashi, Yukimasa Ooba, Kensuke Kitsugi, Shin Shimoyama, Satoru Yamazaki, Takeshi Chida, Shinya Watanabe, Kazuhito Kawata, Takafumi Suda

{"title":"Improved Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels after Iron Reduction Therapy in HCV Patients.","authors":"Hidenao Noritake, Yoshimasa Kobayashi, Yukimasa Ooba, Kensuke Kitsugi, Shin Shimoyama, Satoru Yamazaki, Takeshi Chida, Shinya Watanabe, Kazuhito Kawata, Takafumi Suda","doi":"10.1155/2014/875140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/875140","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims. To examine the changes in serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels after iron reduction by therapeutic phlebotomy in chronic hepatitis C patients. Methods. This retrospective study included 26 chronic hepatitis C patients. The patients were developed iron depletion by repeated therapeutic phlebotomies. Results. Iron reduction therapy significantly reduced the median level of serum AFP from 13 to 7 ng/mL, ALT from 96 to 50 IU/L, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) from 55 to 28 IU/L, and ferritin from 191 to 10 ng/mL (P < 0.001 for each). The rate of decline in the AFP level correlated positively only with that in GGT (r = 0.695, P = 0.001), although a spurious correlation was observed between the rates of decline for AFP and ALT. The AFP level normalized (<10 ng/mL) posttreatment in eight (50%) of 16 patients who had elevated pretreatment AFP levels. Normalized post-treatment ALT and GGT levels were seen in 12% (3 of 26) and 39% (7 of 18) of the patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified a post-treatment GGT level of <30 IU/L as an independent factor associated with post-treatment AFP normalization (odds ratio, 21; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-293; P = 0.024). Conclusions. Iron reduction by therapeutic phlebotomy can reduce serum AFP and GGT levels in chronic hepatitis C patients. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"875140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/875140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34668353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Chylous Ascites: Evaluation and Management. 乳糜腹水:评估和管理。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2014-02-03 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/240473

Said A Al-Busafi, Peter Ghali, Marc Deschênes, Philip Wong

{"title":"Chylous Ascites: Evaluation and Management.","authors":"Said A Al-Busafi, Peter Ghali, Marc Deschênes, Philip Wong","doi":"10.1155/2014/240473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/240473","url":null,"abstract":"Chylous ascites refers to the accumulation of lipid-rich lymph in the peritoneal cavity due to disruption of the lymphatic system secondary to traumatic injury or obstruction. Worldwide, abdominal malignancy, cirrhosis, and tuberculosis are the commonest causes of CA in adults, the latter being most prevalent in developing countries, whereas congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system and trauma are commonest in children. The presence of a milky, creamy appearing ascitic fluid with triglyceride content above 200 mg/dL is diagnostic, and, in the majority of cases, unless there is a strong suspicion of malignancy, further investigations are not required in patients with cirrhosis. If an underlying cause is identified, targeted therapy is possible, but most cases will be treated conservatively, with dietary support including high-protein and low-fat diets supplemented with medium-chain triglycerides, therapeutic paracentesis, total parenteral nutrition, and somatostatins. Rarely, resistant cases have been treated by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, surgical exploration, or peritoneovenous shunt. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"240473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/240473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34604989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 121

Protective Effects of Guava Pulp on Cholestatic Liver Injury. 番石榴果肉对胆汁淤积性肝损伤的保护作用。

ISRN hepatology Pub Date : 2013-11-17 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/601071

Jian Peng, Chunyan Yue, Kai Qiu, Jie Chen, Maria-Angeles Aller, Kwang Suk Ko, Heping Yang

{"title":"Protective Effects of Guava Pulp on Cholestatic Liver Injury.","authors":"Jian Peng, Chunyan Yue, Kai Qiu, Jie Chen, Maria-Angeles Aller, Kwang Suk Ko, Heping Yang","doi":"10.1155/2013/601071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/601071","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cholestatic liver injury is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases involved with oxidative stress changes and inflammation; thus, antioxidant and anti-inflammation compound-rich guava may play a pivotal role in protecting against the cholestatic liver damages. Our aims for this study are to determine whether guava pulp (GP) has protective effects on cholestatic liver injury-induced mouse model and on interleukin-6 (IL-6) mediated proliferation of QBC939 cholangiocarcinoma cell line. Methods. Mice were induced to cholestatic liver damage by left and median bile duct ligation (LMBDL) surgery and then treated with GP. Plasma and liver samples were collected for biochemical and pathological assays. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay and Western blots were used to detect proliferation and gene expression in QBC939 cells, respectively. Results. Compared with LMBDL only group, in GP-treated mice, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin decreased, biliary epithelial cell proliferation and liver fibrogenesis were suppressed, Src/MEK/ERK1/2/c-Myc pathway and expressions of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP), and procollagen 1α1(COL1α1) were downregulated significantly. Moreover, the GP extract reduced IL-6-enhanced QBC939 cell proliferation, p-ERK, and c-Myc expression as well. Conclusions. GP may provide a new perspective for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury. ","PeriodicalId":91521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN hepatology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"601071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4890915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34603970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3