BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Obesity indicators and female asthma risk: the mediating role of white blood cell count based on NHANES data analysis.","authors":"Xu Qianqian, Zhang Qingmei, Jia Jin, Chen Yalin, He Chenyu, Zhang Huaiwen, Chen Jie","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03885-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03885-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing survival outcomes of anti-fibrotic therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with and without emphysema: a multi-center real-world study from Taiwan.","authors":"Yu-Hung Fang, Yi-An Hsieh, Yen-Fu Chen, Yu-Chi Chiu, Yu-Ching Lin, Kuo-Tung Huang, Yung-Chia Huang, Yu-Feng Wei, Chien-Wen Huang, Pin-Kuei Fu","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03890-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03890-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whether the long-term survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is worse than that of patients with IPF combined with emphysema after anti-fibrotic therapy is unclear. This study aimed to compare treatment outcomes between the two groups and identify potential predictors of mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted in seven hospitals across Taiwan between August 2015 and August 2022 and included patients with IPF who received anti-fibrotic agents covered by national insurance. Based on the extent of emphysema observed on high-resolution chest tomography, patients with IPF were categorized into two groups: IPF only; and IPF with emphysema. Baseline characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between the groups. Cox proportional hazards models were used for multivariable analysis to identify factors associated with overall mortality during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 275 patients included, 126 (45.8%) had IPF with emphysema and 149 (54.2%) had IPF only. The emphysema group had a higher proportion of males and patients with a smoking history, finger clubbing, comorbidities, or a definite usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern compared to the IPF-only group. Additionally, this group had a higher forced vital capacity (FVC, %) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁, L), while FEV₁ (%) was similar and FEV₁/FVC (%) was lower. During a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the overall survival rates were comparable (IPF only: 45.6%; IPF with emphysema: 48.4%). The overall survival of patients with probable UIP was significantly better than that of patients with definite UIP (53.5% vs. 34.6%). Likewise, the survival rate of the group with a diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) > 49% was higher than that of the group with DLCO ≤ 49% (53.9% vs. 31.4%). After adjusting for confounders, lower body mass index (BMI) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.95) and comorbid pulmonary hypertension (aHR = 2.27) were independently associated with increased overall mortality. Neither the presence of emphysema nor the type of anti-fibrotic agent was associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The survival outcomes of patients with IPF and emphysema and those of patients with IPF only are comparable after treatment with anti-fibrotic agents. Lower BMI and comorbid pulmonary hypertension are significant predictors of increased mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and asthma and asthma exacerbations: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chunling Kuang, Liuliu He, Qingfeng Zeng, Shasha Liao","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03852-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03852-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR) is a newly identified inflammatory biomarker associated with various inflammatory diseases. Asthma is a major global health burden and an inflammatory airway disease significantly affected by inflammation. This study primarily aims to evaluate the relationship between HRR and asthma, as well as asthma-related outcomes, including stable asthma and asthma exacerbations in the past year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 2007 to 2023 were collected from the NHANES database. Multivariable logit and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to elucidate the impact of HRR on asthma and its nonlinear relationship. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed as part of the study's sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study was based on an analysis of 13,343 individuals. According to logistic regression analysis, a higher HRR was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.6). Compared to the lowest group, the higher HRR group exhibited a 34% reduction in prevalence (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.54-0.81, p < 0.01). According to RCS analysis, a linear relationship existed between HRR and asthmaprevalence. We further distinguished between stable asthma and acute exacerbations, and this association remained statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study observed an inverse association between HRR and asthma. Specifically, an increase in HRR was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of stable asthma and acute exacerbation, providing potential evidence for the use of HRR in evaluating asthma status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of biological age in stable and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Yujiao Wang, Ting Mu, Yufen Fu, Yuxin Wang, Guoping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03841-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03841-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Aging has been established as an independent risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Biological age (BA), a novel metric for gauging the extent of aging, has rarely been investigated in the context of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Our study aimed to elucidate the association between BA and AECOPD, thereby highlighting the potential of BA as a predictive tool in clinical practice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The dataset encompasses patients hospitalized at Chengdu Third People's Hospital between 2018 and 2022. The AECOPD patients enrolled in this study were hospitalized due to rapidly worsening symptoms, including cough, sputum production, and dyspnea, whereas the COPD patients were clinically stable. BA and biological age acceleration were ascertained through the Klemera-Doubale method (KDM). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between BA, biological age acceleration, and the incidence of AECOPD, complemented by subgroup analyses to explore the dose‒response dynamics between biological age acceleration and the risk of AECOPD. The dataset was partitioned into training and validation sets at a 7:3 ratio, and LASSO regression was applied to refine the model's variable composition. To assess the ability of different variables to discriminate current disease status, we developed the initial model and three subsequent models, with the following variables added in the new model: Chronological age (CA), BA, and biological age acceleration. The models were subsequently evaluated within both datasets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study cohort comprised 2,511 patients, through an analysis of the transect data, with 59.1% experiencing acute exacerbations. Both BA (79.14 ± 9.49 years) and biological age acceleration (1.04 ± 2.82 years) emerged as independent risk factors for AECOPD (P &lt; 0.001). In Model 3, each year increment in BA and biological age acceleration corresponded to a 1.04-fold (95% CI = 1.027-1.048, P &lt; 0.001) and 1.18-fold (95% CI = 1.14-1.224, P &lt; 0.001) increase in exacerbation risk, respectively. The biological age of patients with stable COPD was significantly lower than the actual age (-0.36 ± 2.56 years), which suggests a significant inter-individual heterogeneity in the biological aging process of COPD patients. Subgroup analysis confirmed a pronounced dose‒response relationship between biological age acceleration and AECOPD risk(Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 2.172-3.518). LASSO regression pinpointed BMI, Diabetes, Hypertensive heart disease, Cor pulmonale, Stroke, and Hyperlipidemia as critical variables within the model. The internal validation process revealed AUC values of 0.735 (95% CI = 0.7-0.77), 0.742 (95% CI = 0.707-0.777), 0.753 (95% CI = 0.719-0.787), and 0.766 (95% CI = 0.733-0.8) for the respective models. The HL test confirmed the models' good fit (P = 0.128, P = 0.121, P = 0.272, P = 0.795), with Model","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between cardiovascular health and COPD andits impact on all-cause mortality in patients with COPD: analyses of NHANES 2005-2018.","authors":"Kang Wang, Chunyan Li, Lijun He, Xiaolong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03783-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03783-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are intimately connected. A recently developed measure called Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is used to evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH). We aimed to investigate the relationship between LE8 and the prevalence of COPD, and the association between LE8 and all-cause mortality in individuals with COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 was the source of the data used in our investigation. The participants were divided into three groups according to their LE8 scores: low (< 50), moderate (50-79), and high (≥ 80) CVH. Weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were used to examine the relationship between LE8 score and the prevalence of COPD. To determine whether the results were stable, we used subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we evaluated the association between LE8 and all-cause mortality in COPD patients using a weighted Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weighted logistic regression analysis of the fully adjusted model indicated that a higher LE8 score was associated with a lower prevalence of COPD (OR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.71-0.79). The RCS curves showed a linear negative association between them. LE8 score was negatively correlated with the prevalence of COPD across all subgroups, and this negative correlation was significant in those younger than 60 years old. The sensitivity analysis's results were consistent with the primary findings. Furthermore, weighted Cox regression analysis of the fully adjusted model showed that LE8 score was negatively associated with all-cause mortality in COPD patients (HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74-0.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LE8 score was negatively associated not only with the prevalence of COPD, but also with all-cause mortality in patients with COPD.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a predictive model for pneumothorax after microwave ablation based on radiomics and clinical baseline data.","authors":"Xiangyu Xie, Kun Li, Lei Chen, Hong Li, Chaofan Meng, Liang Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03850-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03850-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with a five-year survival rate lower than many other cancers. Surgery remains the most effective treatment; however, fewer than 50% of patients are eligible due to compromised pulmonary function or the presence of multiple lesions. Microwave ablation is an emerging, minimally invasive treatment that has shown promise in prolonging survival and preserving organ integrity with fewer side effects. Despite its safety profile, pneumothorax remains a common complication. Radiomics has gained traction for early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment assessment. This study aims to develop a predictive model for pneumothorax following MWA by integrating radiomic data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 111 lung cancer patients undergoing MWA were retrospectively analyzed. A clinical model was developed using binary logistic regression, while a radiomics model was constructed via LASSO regression with fivefold nested cross-validation. A comprehensive model was built by combining both feature sets using logistic regression. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, AUC values, DeLong's test, and calibration curves to assess the agreement between predicted and observed outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical model achieved an AUC of 0.8846 (95% CI: 0.8160-0.9533), the radiomics model had an AUC of 0.8353 (95% CI: 0.7453-0.9253), and the comprehensive model showed the highest AUC of 0.9262 (95% CI: 0.8712-0.9812). DeLong's test revealed that the comprehensive model outperformed both the clinical model (Z = -2.24, P = 0.025) and the radiomics model (Z = -2.57, P = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with the individual models, the predictive model developed by combining radiomic and clinical baseline data demonstrated superior diagnostic performance in predicting pneumothorax after microwave ablation. By incorporating additional multimodal data and clinical factors in the future, this model has the potential to serve as a more accurate predictive tool in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between core number and complications in ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung core needle biopsy for subpleural primary lung cancer: a retrospective study.","authors":"Mengjun Shen, Hongwei Chen, Jixin Shu, Yang Cong, Yi Zhang, Huiming Zhu, Yin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03872-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03872-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With advances in lung cancer management, there is a growing need for larger tissue samples to enable tumor genomic analysis and characterization.This study aims to determine whether the core number obtained during Ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung core needle biopsy(US-PLCNB) is associated with post-procedural complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent US-PLCNB for subpleural primary lung cancer at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between July 2019 and September 2021. Patient data were extracted from medical records, including demographics, lesion size, and core number. Post-procedural complications, including hemoptysis, pneumothorax, intolerable pain, pleural reaction, hemothorax, and delayed hemopneumothorax, were documented. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate whether the core number was an independent predictor of complications following US-PLCNB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,151 patients (mean age, 64.47 ± 10.58 [SD] years; 278 [24.15%] females and 873 [75.85%] males) were included. The median lesion size was 58 mm (IQR, 41-77 mm). Among the 1,151 patients, 417 (36.23%) were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma, and 322 (27.98%) with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Post-procedural complications occurred in 41 patients (3.56%), including: hemoptysis (26 cases, 2.26%), pneumothorax (7 cases, 0.61%), intolerable pain (3 cases, 0.26%), vasovagal reaction (2 cases, 0.17%), hemothorax (2 cases, 0.17%), and delayed hemopneumothorax (1 case, 0.09%). The median number of biopsy cores obtained was 3 (range: 1-7). Multivariate analysis revealed no evidence of an association between the number of cores and complications: hemoptysis (OR = 0.820, P = 0.410), pneumothorax (OR = 1.220, P = 0.663), intolerable pain (OR = 0.520, P = 0.387), vasovagal reaction (OR = 1.087, P = 0.924), hemothorax (OR = 1.062, P = 0.944), delayed hemopneumothorax (OR = 1.118, P = 0.930).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients undergoing US-PLCNB for primary lung cancer, no evidence was found of an association between the core number biopsy samples obtained and post-procedural complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia.","authors":"Wentong Ma, Jingxin Zhou, Ying Qian, Su Zhang, Chuanlu Han, Jing Su, Haijun Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03847-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03847-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of tracheobronchomegaly misdiagnosed as COPD: case report and literature review.","authors":"Sai Yuan, Weiran Li, Mao Hua","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03866-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03866-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tracheobronchomegaly, also known as Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS), is a rare congenital condition characterized by significant dilation of the trachea and main bronchi along with an abnormal wall structure. Diagnosis can be confirmed through computed tomography, pulmonary function tests, and diagnostic bronchoscopy. Currently, there is no curative treatment for MKS; thus, symptomatic and supportive care remain the primary therapeutic approaches. Early diagnosis, effective infection control, and individualized management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case report describes a middle-aged woman who presented with chronic cough, expectoration, and wheezing. She had been misdiagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at a local hospital for an extended period and was subsequently referred to our institution for fiberoptic bronchoscopy, which confirmed the diagnosis of MKS. By reviewing the literature via PubMed, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 29 previously reported cases of MKS, including the present case, totaling 30 cases (21 males and 9 females), predominantly middle-aged and elderly individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on our literature review, the misdiagnosis rate of MKS remains high, often accompanied by significant diagnostic delays. Additionally, the proportion of secondary MKS cases has increased, challenging the traditional notion that MKS is exclusively congenital. Despite its rarity, clinicians should consider MKS in patients presenting with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, abnormal tracheobronchial morphology., poor response to antibiotic therapy, or refractory COPD-like symptoms. Early imaging and bronchoscopic evaluations are essential to confirm the diagnosis and prevent delayed treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-acquired pneumonia mortality trends according to age and gender: 2009 to 2019.","authors":"João Gonçalves-Pereira, Filipe Froes, Filipa Gonçalves Pereira, António Diniz, Henrique Oliveira, Paulo Mergulhão","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03875-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03875-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It remains unknown whether recently introduced prevention strategies, such as vaccination, may have impacted its mortality. Moreover, it is important to understand whether these trends are similar for all patients or if some groups may have different outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the CAP hospitalization data for adult patients, from the Portuguese mainland Hospital diagnosis database. We included all patients discharged with CAP between 2010 and 2019. We assessed Hospital mortality for the whole population and according to age and gender. We also examined the monthly number of admissions and mortality.  RESULTS: We identified 462,910 CAP admissions, of which 54% were male (mean age 76.8 ± 14.5years). We divided our population into 4 age groups: 18-40years (3.2% of episodes); 41-65years (14.9%); 66-80years (31.6%); >80 years (50.2%). Mortality increased sharply with age, to more than 40% in older patients, highlighting the disproportionate burden of respiratory diseases in this age group. Although CAP mortality remained stable until 2016 (roughly 23%), a slight decreasing trend was noted afterwards (from 23.1 to 21.8%). In hospitalized patients, the relative risk of dying with CAP, consistently decreased during this period, from odds ratio 5.5, 95% CI 5.4-5.7 to odds ratio 4.3, 95% CI 4.2-4.4. As much as 25% of deaths related to CAP occurred during the first 48 h after hospital admission. While CAP admissions peaked in January, mortality was higher during the summertime.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community-acquired pneumonia remains associated with a high risk of death. Mortality increased with age from 40 years onwards. However, the relative risk of dying with CAP in the Hospital decreased during this decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}