BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The impact of frailty on clinical outcomes among individuals with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mathew Cherian, Pourya Masoudian, Kednapa Thavorn, Jacqueline Sandoz, Risa Shorr, Sunita Mulpuru","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03595-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03595-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is a prevalent and robust predictor of poor outcomes for older adults and those with chronic disease. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to understand the association between frailty and clinical outcomes for people with COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, and Web of Science from inception to February 2022, for observational studies evaluating the association between frailty and clinical outcomes among individuals with COPD. Included studies defined COPD by spirometry, used a validated frailty assessment tool, and compared dyspnea, symptom burden, health related quality of life, exacerbations, hospitalization, or mortality between frail and non-frail individuals. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Mean differences or hazard ratios were calculated using inverse variance (IV) methods, odds ratios were calculated using Mantel-Haenszel methods, and homogeneity was assessed using I ² statistics. Results were pooled using a random effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1385 identified studies, 16 studies were included with 7 studies included in the meta-analyses, representing 5903 individuals. The Fried Frailty Phenotype instrument was used in 50% of included studies. When comparing frail vs. non-frail people with COPD, pooled estimates revealed frail people with COPD had higher dyspnea scores [modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) score standardized mean difference (95% CI): 1.67 (1.40-1.92), I ² = 24%]; higher symptom burden [COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score mean difference (95% CI): 10.24 (8.30-12.17), I ² = 31%]; more COPD exacerbations in the prior year [mean difference (95% CI): 1.09 (0.62-1.56), I ² = 0%), and increased odds of being hospitalized in the previous year [OR (95% CI): 2.94 (1.57-5.50); I ² = 0%]. The largest study with longest follow up period showed increased mortality risk among frail vs. non-frail individuals with COPD, [HR (95% CI): 1.83 (1.24-2.68)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People with COPD and frailty experience increased dyspnea, symptom burden, exacerbation history, and hospitalizations compared to non-frail patients with COPD. Frailty is a robust predictor of outcomes among people with COPD and should be considered a treatable trait. Additional work is needed to standardize screening methods for frailty, and to understand the optimal timing of non-pharmacologic interventions to treat frailty among people with COPD.</p><p><strong>Prospero registry id: </strong>CRD42022329893.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECMO-assisted bronchoscopic therapy for severe tracheal stenosis: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Hao-Su Zhou, Yu-Xiang Wan, Hao Qin, Jun-Ping Zhou, Xiao-Meng Nie, Qin Wang, Chong Bai, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03612-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03612-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe tracheal stenosis is a life-threatening condition that often requires immediate intervention. Traditional surgical approaches may be challenging in critically ill patients, and bronchoscopic therapies have emerged as a less invasive alternative. However, maintaining adequate oxygenation and ventilation during these procedures can be challenging, especially in patients with near-complete airway obstruction. The manipulation of the already compromised airway during bronchoscopy can exacerbate respiratory insufficiency, leading to hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and even cardiac arrest. To address these challenges, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly utilized as a supportive measure during high-risk airway interventions. The use of ECMO in managing severe tracheal stenosis is a relatively recent development, with growing evidence supporting its role in facilitating complex airway interventions. By ensuring hemodynamic stability and adequate gas exchange, ECMO enables the safe and effective application of bronchoscopic techniques in critically ill patients who would otherwise be deemed unsuitable for such procedures. This approach can improve outcomes and expand treatment options for patients with severe tracheal stenosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 49-year-old woman, who underwent metal stent placement in her upper trachea 24 years ago due to tuberculous tracheal stenosis, was hospitalized due to worsening dyspnea. A thorough evaluation showed that the entire tracheal section was narrowed, with the smallest diameter measuring approximately 4-5 mm. Traditional respiratory support was inadequate for maintaining the patient's oxygen levels during bronchoscopy. We conducted bronchoscopic treatment with ECMO support, significantly alleviating the patient's dyspnea symptoms post-treatment. This is the first documented case of ECMO being utilized alongside bronchoscopy for patients with tracheal narrowing caused by tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The case study described a patient experiencing severe tracheal scar stenosis due to tuberculosis, who underwent successful treatment that included bronchoscopy supported by ECMO. Our effective handling of this case has provided crucial insights and strategies for managing similar situations in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The short-term effects of different cold spell definitions on asthma outpatient visits in Lanzhou, China.","authors":"Jianjun Wu, Xizhuoma Zha, Xuelin Ren, Boxi Feng, Ying Zhang, Linghong Wang, Xingmin Wei, Yahui Xie, Jia Zhang, Jie Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03605-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03605-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With global warming, most studies have focused on the health impacts of heat waves, while the health effects of cold spells, especially in developing countries, still need to be explored. Additionally, existing research on temperature extremes and asthma primarily targets severe asthma cases requiring hospitalization or emergency care, neglecting outpatients with mild symptoms. This study aimed to identify the optimal definition of cold spells in Lanzhou, China, and examine their association with outpatient asthma visits, identifying potentially vulnerable populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study collected daily asthma outpatient records, along with meteorological and air pollutant data, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020, in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. Twenty-four cold spell definitions were developed using four temperature indices (daily mean, daily minimum, daily mean apparent, and daily minimum apparent temperatures), two thresholds (P₁₀ and P₅), and three durations (2, 3, and 4 days). A time-series fitted poisson generalized linear model (PGLM) and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) were applied to estimate the short-term effects of cold seasons (November to March) on outpatient asthma visits, controlling for confounding factors such as humidity, air pollutants, time trends, holidays, and weekdays. Stratified analyses by sex and age were conducted to identify vulnerable populations and examine the influence of cold spell duration on asthma clinic visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Various definitions of cold spells influenced asthma outpatient visits, with similar trends observed. The model fit was best when the daily minimum apparent temperature was below the 10th percentile, and the duration was more significant than or equal to 4 days. Based on this optimal definition, for the total population, the main effect of the cold spell on asthma occurred at Lag0, Lag1, Lag6, and Lag7, with Lag7 producing the most significant effect (RR = 1.208, 95% CI: 1.052 ± 1.388). In the subgroup analyses, the cumulative effect of lag 0-7 days (Lag0-7) was higher for females and those in the 0-18 age group than for males and other age groups, respectively. In addition, the longer the duration of the cold spell from lag 3 days (Lag3) onwards, the greater its effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cold spells in Lanzhou City can notably increase asthma outpatient visits, with females and individuals aged 0-18 particularly affected. Moreover, the longer a cold spell persists, the greater its impact, especially in the latter days of the event.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of uric acid levels in geriatric patients with respiratory failure under noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the respiratory intensive care unit.","authors":"Murat Yıldız, Deniz Çelik, Tarkan Özdemir, Güler Eraslan Doğanay, Melek Doğanci, Mustafa Özgür Cırık, Maşide Arı, Kerem Ensarioğlu, Ayşe Cifci, Derya Kızılgöz","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03603-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03603-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The respiratory system is critical for gas exchange, with respiratory failure resulting in insufficient oxygen and inadequate removal of carbon dioxide. Serum uric acid (SUA), a byproduct of purine metabolism, rises during hypoxemic conditions and has potential as a prognostic marker in respiratory failure. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SUA levels, mortality, duration of hospital stay, and ICU scores (APACHE II, and SOFA) in geriatric patients receiving non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1109 patients with respiratory failure admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) from 2020 to 2022. We excluded minor patients (under 18 years old), patients with incomplete records, known gout, and dialysis-dependent or SRRT required renal failure. We collected demographics, comorbidities, laboratory findings, APACHE II, and SOFA scores. Patients were divided into two age groups (≥ 65 and < 65). Statistical analysis, including chi-square, regression, and correlation tests, was performed to evaluate the association between SUA and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients aged ≥ 65 had significantly higher SUA, creatinine, and BUN levels, as well as longer hospital stays and higher APACHE II and SOFA scores. Elevated SUA levels correlated with increased mortality and NIV requirements in the elderly. Regression analysis confirmed SUA as a predictor of NIV need.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>SUA levels are positively associated with worse outcomes in elderly patients with respiratory failure. This study supports previous research findings that hyperuricemia correlates with increased ICU admissions and mortality in respiratory conditions, particularly in older adults who need a noninvasive ventilation (NIV).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated SUA levels are a valuable prognostic marker for predicting NIV needs and poor outcomes in geriatric patients with respiratory failure. Regular monitoring of SUA could enhance clinical management and improve prognosis in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoring model based on the pleural effusion adenosine deaminase-to-serum C-reactive protein ratio for differentiating tuberculous pleural effusion from non-tuberculous benign pleural effusion.","authors":"Huan Hou, Jieying Li, Tingting Huang, Zhaohui Ruan, Xinjie Hui, Yilin Huang, Jinming Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03593-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03593-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiating tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) from non-tuberculous benign pleural effusion (non-TB BPE) can be challenging, especially in patients with low levels of pleural effusion adenosine deaminase (pADA) and negative etiological evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the pADA to serum C-reactive protein ratio (pADA/sCRP) and to develop a scoring model for diagnosing TPE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 364 patients with pleural effusion, comprising 121 with TPE and 243 with non-TB BPE from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected, and comparisons were made between the two groups. The diagnostic performance of the pADA/sCRP ratio and other statistically significant variables was assessed. Six valuable factors were selected for multivariate regression analysis to establish a predictive model, which was displayed as a nomogram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pADA/sCRP ratio demonstrated superior diagnostic performance compared to pADA alone, with an area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for identifying TPE of 0.68, 71%, and 64%, respectively. Six variables were selected to develop a nomogram, including night sweats, calcification on chest computed tomography, pleural effusion lymphocyte ratio, pADA/sCRP, hemoglobin, and neutrophil. With a cutoff value of 20 points, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for distinguishing TPE from non-TB BPE were 0.836, 83.4%, and 64.9%, respectively. The validation cohort confirmed the model with the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.815, 61.1%, and 82.4%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pADA/sCRP ratio exhibited improved diagnostic performance compared to pADA alone. The novel scoring system based on a nomogram demonstrated good diagnostic efficacy in differentiating TPE from non-TB BPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct risks of exacerbation and lung function decline between never-smokers and ever-smokers with COPD.","authors":"Heemoon Park, Soo Min Jo, Kwang Nam Jin, Hyo Jin Lee, Hyun Woo Lee, Tae Yun Park, Eun Young Heo, Deog Kyeom Kim, Jung-Kyu Lee","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03604-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03604-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can occur in patients without a history of smoking, which is a strong risk factor for COPD. However, few studies have focused on the prognosis of never-smokers with COPD. We investigated the difference of the longitudinal clinical outcomes between never-smokers and ever-smokers with COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients with COPD who underwent chest computed tomography and longitudinal lung function tests from January 2013 to December 2020. We classified patients according to smoking status and examined their histories of acute exacerbation and long-term changes in lung function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 583 patients with COPD, 75 (12.9%) had no smoking history. These never-smokers with COPD were predominantly women; they had a lower forced vital capacity and a higher prevalence of asthma, history of tuberculosis, tuberculosis-destroyed lung, and bronchiectasis, but a lower prevalence of emphysema, relative to ever-smokers with COPD. Never-smokers with COPD had significantly lower risks of subsequent moderate to severe exacerbation (β ± standard error, - 0.4 ± 0.12; P = 0.001), any exacerbation (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.26 - 0.8; P = 0.006), and frequent exacerbation (adjusted odds ratio, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.09 - 0.89; P = 0.03) than ever-smokers with COPD. Never-smokers with COPD also showed significantly slower annual decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 s than ever-smokers with COPD (- 15.7 ± 4.7 vs. -30.4 ± 2.9 mL, respectively; P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Never-smokers with COPD had significantly fewer acute exacerbations and slower decline of lung function than ever-smokers with COPD during longitudinal follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of smoked cigarettes' type on the level of reactive oxygen species in physicians with surgical and non-surgical specialization.","authors":"Artur Nowak, Paulina Natalia Kopa-Stojak, Rafał Pawliczak","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03606-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03606-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cigarette smoking remains a pervasive global health concern, contributing to a myriad of debilitating conditions. One critical aspect of its detrimental impact is the induction of oxidative stress (OS). The aim of the study was to identify differences in the level of reactive oxygen species between surgical and non-surgical physicians who smoke different types of cigarettes and their level of nicotine addiction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective study conducted on surgical and non-surgical physicians who smoke various types of cigarettes worked at the Provincial Multidisciplinary Oncology and Traumatology Centre in Lodz (Poland) and at the Polish Mother's Health Centre Institute in Lodz (Poland). The Fagerström's test for nicotine dependence was used to determine degree of nicotine addiction. The differences in reactive oxygen species level among physicians with surgical and non-surgical specialization who smoke different types of cigarettes was analysed by the Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study 35.1% of surgical and 40.5% of non-surgical physicians indicated signs of nicotine addiction. The Fagerström score was significantly higher in surgical than non-surgical physician specialties (5.4 ± 1.372 vs. 4.7 ± 1.310; p = 0.001). Significantly higher ROS level was observed in conventional cigarette (CS) smokers, e-cigarette (EC) smokers and tobacco heating products (THP) smokers compared to non-smokers (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significantly lower ROS level in THP smokers compared to CS smokers (p < 0.05) and EC smokers (p < 0.05). There was a significantly higher ROS level in physicians with surgical specialization who smoke CS (p < 0.001) and EC (p = 0.004) compared to non-surgical physicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the influence of the type of smoked cigarettes on oxidative stress in surgical and non-surgical physicians is imperative for targeted interventions and health promotion strategies. The broader goal is mitigating the health risks associated with cigarette smoking, especially within professional domains where stressors may already be heightened. Further investigations are essential for developing tailored approaches to address the nuanced relationships between cigarette types, occupational stress, and oxidative stress in specialized medical fields.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of bempedoic acid on histopathologic changes associated with natural aging in rat lungs.","authors":"Serap Argun Baris, Ozgur Baris, Huseyin Kaya, Elif Karasal Guliyev, Cenk Anil Olsen, Cigdem Vural, Hasim Boyaci, Ilknur Basyigit","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03608-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03608-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The process of aging is characterized by a series of physiological, cellular, and immunological changes in tissues. Bempedoic acid is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-lowering drug that does not belong to the statin class. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of bempedoic acid on age-related histopathological alterations in rat lungs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 40 Wistar-Albino male rats (275-357 g) were included in the study, with 10 rats in each experimental group [Young control (YC), Young + Bempedoic acid (YD), Elderly control (EC), Elderly + Bempedoic acid (ED)]. Bempedoic acid (30 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for one month. The rats were housed under controlled conditions to minimize external stressors. The Geropathological Grading System (GGP) was used to standardize the evaluation of age-related findings in the lungs. Some lesions were classified as either present or absent, whereas others were evaluated on a scale of 0-4 according to their severity. Composite lesion scores were calculated for each rat. Additionally, the presence and severity of emphysema in the rat lungs were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the median composite lesion score was higher in the elderly groups, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.7). The distribution of cells associated with passive congestion, heart failure, and atelectasis was higher in the elderly drug group (p = 0.024 and p = 0.015, respectively). The prevalence of perivascular inflammation was significantly higher in the elderly control group compared to the other groups. Moreover, no cases of moderate-to-severe perivascular inflammation were observed in the elderly drug group (p = 0.019). The prevalence of severe emphysema was higher in the elderly control group compared to the other groups, whereas no cases of severe emphysema were observed in the elderly drug group (p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is hypothesized that statins, a class of antihyperlipidemic drugs, exert a protective effect against aging due to their ability to correct oxidative damage. Similarly, bempedoic acid's effect on fat oxidation and cholesterol metabolism may be associated with its protective role in the lungs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatically titrating oxygen system versus constant flow oxygen system during exercise in patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Peijian Wang, Jing Wang, Lijun Ge, Beiyao Gao, Siyuan Wang, Shan Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03594-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03594-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypoxemia is a common symptom among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The constant flow oxygen system (CFOS) is often insufficient to correct this symptom. The automatically titrating oxygen system (ATOS), a new oxygen therapy mode, remains undetermined in its ability to improve exercise performance more effectively than CFOS in COPD patients. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to explore this issue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a thorough search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (from inception to 1 November 2024). Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two authors. Data synthesis was conducted using Stata software (Version 17.0). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was utilized to rate evidence quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five eligible studies (n = 120) were included. Compared to CFOS, ATOS was more effective in extending the distance (MD = 180.28 m, 95%CI:133.03 to 227.52) and duration (MD = 237.63 s, 95%CI: 181.18 to 294.07) of endurance shuttle walking test (ESWT). Besides, ATOS could better prolong the percentage time of sustaining targeted SpO₂ (92%-96%) (MD = 29.43%,95%CI:21.15 to 37.71) and relieve dyspnea at isotime (MD = -1.65, 95%CI -3.19 to -0.11) during ESWT.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>ATOS may have more advantages in improving exercise tolerance, sustaining targeted SpO₂, and ameliorating dyspnea during exercise in COPD patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The review was registered with PROSPERO (The website is https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prosp ero/, and the ID is CRD 42024574955) and we didn't make a protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FDG-avid pulmonary mucous gland adenoma mimicking lung cancer on 18 F-FDG PET/CT: a rare case report and literature review.","authors":"Chen Xiaomei, Zhou Jiahui, Zhang Fangbiao, Zheng Chunhui","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03590-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03590-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary mucous gland adenoma (MGA) is an exceptionally rare benign tumor. Even with the assistance of 18 F-FDG PET/CT, the accurate diagnosis of MGA as lung cancer remains challenging. Only one case of fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)-avid pulmonary mucous gland adenoma and two case of low FDG uptake pulmonary mucous gland adenoma have been reported in English literature, while a single case of moderately increased FDG uptake pulmonary mucous gland adenoma has been documented in French literature. To minimize misdiagnosis and select appropriate treatment strategies, it is crucial to comprehensively analyze its 18 F-FDG PET/CT manifestations in conjunction with clinical symptoms and pathological findings.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>In our study, we present a case involving a 70-year-old woman with clinical manifestations of persistent cough and sputum with an FDG-avid mucous gland adenoma mimicking lung cancer on 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Ultimately, the patient underwent a potentially unnecessary video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy, and the pathological diagnosis was determined to be MGA. The patient was discharged and remained clinically well without any complaints for a period of 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of 18 F-FDG PET/CT lacks specificity in detecting MGA and may lead to misdiagnosis as a lung malignancy. A comprehensive analysis combining clinical manifestations, bronchoscopy findings, imaging results, and pathological findings is essential for accurate identification of pulmonary mucus gland adenoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}