BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Surgery after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with resectable stage IIIB/N2 non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Mithat Fazlıoglu, Volkan Erdogu, Necati Citak, Nevin Fazlıoglu, Muzaffer Metin","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03822-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03822-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the role of surgery in selected stage IIIB/N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients within a multimodal treatment approach. We focused on the impact of mediastinal downstaging, local tumor invasion, and postoperative complications on survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1752 NSCLC patients who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2016. Among them, 49 patients with clinical stage IIIB/N2 NSCLC were identified based on single-station, non-bulky N2 disease confirmed by invasive staging and anatomically resectable tumors. Patients were grouped by T stage and mediastinal downstaging status following neoadjuvant therapy. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall 5-year survival (OS) rate was 29.2% (median 23 months), and the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 22.0% (median 12.4 months). While patients with non-invasive T3 tumors had better OS and DFS than those with invasive T3 or T4 tumors, the differences were not statistically significant. Mediastinal downstaging was associated with improved OS (p = 0.049). Multivariate analysis identified local tumor invasion (HR: 2.15, p = 0.045) and early postoperative complications (HR: 2.93, p = 0.011) as independent predictors of worse OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgical resection may be a viable option in highly selected cIIIB/N2 NSCLC patients-particularly those who respond well to neoadjuvant therapy and are anatomically resectable. However, tumor invasion and postoperative complications negatively affect survival. These findings underscore the importance of precise patient selection and perioperative management. Further prospective studies are needed to validate the role of surgery in this subset, especially in the context of evolving systemic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiosthma: a prospective study following respiratory microbiota in young children with severe preschool wheezing to better understand their respiratory future.","authors":"Hortense Petat, Chervin Hassel, Alice Michel, Camille Charbonnier, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Christophe Marguet","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03812-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03812-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preschool wheeze is a frequent infant disease, which can be severe. A continuous infection/inflammation loop at the heart of the pathophysiology is described, which could lead to a dysbiosis. In this context, the main objective of the \"Microbiosthma\" project is to assess whether dysbiosis of the upper and lower respiratory microbiomes could constitute a physiopathological biomarker of severe preschool wheeze in young children. This project will be divided into three parts: (i) determine the basal composition of the respiratory microbiomes (ii) monitor these microbiomes longitudinally over the course of the severe preschool wheeze, with a one-year follow-up, and (iii) assess the role of immune cell activation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of severe preschool wheeze. The \"Microbiosthma\" project is a bicentric, prospective study. Bronchial fibroscopy is performed on children aged < 24 months with severe preschool wheeze. One hundred infant nasopharyngeal, bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum samples will be collected over 2 years, and patients will be followed for 12 months. This collection started in September 2023. Microbiome analyses will use a metatranscriptomic approach and immunological analyses for all samples collected. For immunological analysis, key inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage samples will be measured. Host sequencing data obtained by NGS sequencing will be analysed for transcriptomic signatures of inflammatory profiles. The aim of the \"Microbiosthma\" project is to understand the respiratory microbiome of the physiopathological process involved in the development of severe preschool wheeze. This original project will therefore identify the nature of potential dysbiosis, the relationship between different respiratory microbiomes and the potential role of the immune system in this pathogenesis. The registration number is NCT06044051 (CCP Nord-Ouest, 07/11/2023).</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of thoracic surgical nurses towards postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation.","authors":"Na Yin, Xiao Xiao, Xinmei Yao, Liyuan Peng, Haili Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03814-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03814-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing an AI-based diagnostic framework for pulmonary nodules in computed tomography.","authors":"Ruiting Jia, Baozhi Liu, Mohsin Ali","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03806-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03806-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary nodules seen by computed tomography (CT) can be benign or malignant, and early detection is important for optimal management. The existing manual methods of identifying nodules have limitations, such as being time-consuming and erroneous.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop an Artificial Intelligence (AI) diagnostic scheme that improves the performance of identifying and categorizing pulmonary nodules using CT scans.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The proposed deep learning framework used convolutional neural networks, and the image database totaled 1,056 3D-DICOM CT images. The framework was initially preprocessing, including lung segmentation, nodule detection, and classification. Nodule detection was done using the Retina-UNet model, while the features were classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Performance measures, including accreditation, sensitivity, specificity, and the AUROC, were used to evaluate the model's performance during training and validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the developed AI model received an AUROC of 0.9058. The diagnostic accuracy was 90.58%, with an overall positive predictive value of 89% and an overall negative predictive value of 86%. The algorithm effectively handled the CT images at the preprocessing stage, and the deep learning model performed well in detecting and classifying nodules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of the new diagnostic framework based on AI algorithms increased the accuracy of the diagnosis compared with the traditional approach. It also provides high reliability for detecting pulmonary nodules and classifying the lesions, thus minimizing intra-observer differences and improving the clinical outcome. In perspective, the advancements may include increasing the size of the annotated data-set and fine-tuning the model due to detection issues of non-solitary nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual household income and chronic pulmonary conditions in long-term survivors of blood or marrow transplantation: a BMTSS report.","authors":"Trisha M Parekh, Rekha Ramachandran, Young-Il Kim, Nora Balas, Wendy Landier, Lindsey Hageman, Elizabeth Ross, Alysia Bosworth, Hok Sreng Te, F Lennie Wong, Ravi Bhatia, Stephen J Forman, Saro H Armenian, Daniel J Weisdorf, Mark Dransfield, Smita Bhatia","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03793-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03793-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Whether socioeconomic status is associated with pulmonary conditions in BMT survivors is unknown. In this study, we used data from the BMT Survivor Study (BMTSS) to determine the association between low annual household income and adverse pulmonary conditions (asthma, chronic cough or dyspnea, dyspnea at rest, recurrent pneumonia, current oxygen use) and health status in a retrospective cohort of BMT survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BMTSS includes individuals who received BMT between 1974 and 2014 and survived for ≥ 2y after BMT at one of three participating sites. BMT survivors completed the BMTSS survey, providing details on demographics (including annual household income) and chronic health conditions as diagnosed by their healthcare providers. We used logistic regression models to determine the odds of low annual household income (≤$49,999) associated with a post-BMT pulmonary condition in BMT survivors, adjusting for relevant clinical and sociodemographic variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis included 2,814 participants (median age 58y; 44% female; 75% non-Hispanic White). Compared to survivors with annual household income ≥$100,000, those with income ≤$49,999 had higher odds of pulmonary conditions (asthma: OR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.04-3.12, chronic cough or dyspnea: OR = 1.96, 95%CI = 1.37-2.81, and recurrent pneumonia: OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.00-3.60. Low income was also associated with suboptimal health status (poor/fair/good: OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.84-3.01; reference: very good/excellent).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association between low annual household income and post-BMT pulmonary compromise in BMT survivors presents a need to understand the individual and environmental causes for this association. Future research should evaluate interventions to prevent post-transplant pulmonary morbidity in the lower-income survivor population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumonia due to scrub typhus infection: a case report.","authors":"Zhiguang Wang, Yuhua Piao, Zhongjian An, Hongmei Piao","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03827-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03827-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the rickettsial bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, transmitted to humans through infected mite bites. Patients typically present with sudden onset high fever, headache, myalgia, and eschar formation at the site of the bites. Respiratory symptoms, such as cough and shortness of breath, can also occur, especially in severe cases that lead to pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This report presents a case of scrub typhus pneumonia, diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 58-year-old woman was admitted with cough, sputum production, and fever. Imaging revealed pneumonia. During hospitalization, bronchoscopy was performed to identify the causative pathogen. mNGS of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid confirmed Orientia tsutsugamushi infection. Patient's pneumonia was improved after oral administration of doxycycline(100 mg two times daily) for 1 month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report highlights the diagnostic challenges of scrub typhus-induced pneumonia and demonstrates usefulness and the advantages of mNGS in identifying rare pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serial changes in serum C-reactive protein levels and mortality among patients with pleural empyema: a database research.","authors":"Akihiro Shiroshita, Masafumi Takeshita, Teruaki Nishiuma, Tomoaki Ota, Yuki Kataoka","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03799-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03799-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the frequency of sarcopenia in patients admitted with COPD diagnosis with the SARC-F survey.","authors":"Çagri Besnek, Burcu Akkok, Hatice Sahin, Murat Sahin, Nurhan Atilla, Hasan Kahraman","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03794-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03794-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia is recognized as a consequence of hormones, immune system changes, and chronic inflammatory diseases that occur with aging. For the diagnosis of sarcopenia, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria are used. Furthermore, the fat-free mass index (FFMI), a marker of sarcopenia, is used to predict sarcopenic patients. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), systemic inflammation, advanced age, sedentary lifestyle, and poor nutrition may lead to sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of the SARC-F questionnaire, a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia, in the prediction of sarcopenic patients secondary to COPD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Our study included patients aged 50 years and older who were diagnosed with COPD and who signed an informed consent form. Demographic data, symptoms, anthropometric measurements, pulmonary function tests, a 6-minute walk test, and blood parameters were evaluated. The SARC-F questionnaire was administered to the participants. In our study, the correlation of sarcopenic patients according to FFMI with the SARC-F questionnaire was analyzed. The significance value was accepted as p < 0.05 in the statistical analysis of the study's data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data from 130 participants were analyzed in the study. Of the patients, 99 (76.2%) were male, 31 (23.8%) were female, and the mean age was 68.0 ± 9.6 years. According to the SARC-F results, the number of patients with < 4 points was 103 and the number of patients with ≥ 4 points was 27. According to the FFMI, the number of patients without sarcopenia was 96 and the number of patients with sarcopenia was 34. A statistically significant correlation was found between the FFMI and the sarcopenia indicators assessed by the SARC-F (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients' adaptation to a sedentary lifestyle, COPD exacerbations causing systemic inflammation, and advanced age increase the likelihood of sarcopenia. The advanced age of patients diagnosed with COPD normalizes the loss of muscle strength, which delays the early diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia. This study emphasizes the importance and practical usefulness of the SARC-F questionnaire in achieving the goals of early diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia in all COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a nomogram for local control prediction in lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy based on clinical, dosimetric, and inflammation-related parameters.","authors":"Bao-Tian Huang, Pei-Xian Lin, Ying Wang, Li-Mei Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03800-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03800-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of local recurrence remains noteworthy among lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The aim of the study is to identify the risk factors and develop a nomogram for local control (LC) prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred fifty-eight primary or metastatic lung cancer patients treated with SBRT were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical, dosimetric and inflammation-related parameters were collected. The Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the independent prognostic factors. A nomogram based on the prognostic factors was established and internally validated using a bootstrap resampling method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time for the whole cohort was 40 months (95% CI: 34-46) and 35.4% of the patients (56/158) experienced local recurrence. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year LC rates were 97.4%, 85.8% and 76.1%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that six independent factors were associated with LC, including age, clinical stage, planning target volume (PTV) volume, BED of the prescription dose (BEDPD), lymphocyte count, and neutrocyte count. The bootstrap-corrected C-index of the developed nomogram was 0.745 (95% CI, 0.663-0.793). The time-dependent AUC indicated the nomogram exhibited strong discriminatory capability. Calibration curves demonstrated a good concordance between the predicted and the observed probabilities. The results of decision curve analysis highlighted the clinical utility of the model. Additionally, the high- and low-risk patients were stratified based on the cut-off point from the nomogram (P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A nomogram based on the clinical, dosimetric, and inflammation-related predictors is developed for LC prediction in lung cancer patients treated with SBRT. External validation is required for further confirm its validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction in systemic glucocorticoid utilization among COPD patients with type 2 inflammation treated with biologics.","authors":"Truong-An A Ho, Stephen Dachert, Anugya Mittal, Gerard J Criner","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03809-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03809-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic glucocorticoids are associated with significant side effects, however, are essential in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Biologic therapies in COPD with type 2 (T2) inflammation have shown benefit in reducing exacerbations, but their impact on glucocorticoid utilization remains unclear. We aim to examine if use of biologics in COPD patients reduces glucocorticoid burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of the electronic medical record (2016-2023) was performed. Patients with COPD that were treated with biologics were included. Data collected included demographics, baseline comorbidities, eosinophil count, pulmonary function testing and dispense reports for glucocorticoids. The primary outcomes were a change in the number of glucocorticoid dispenses and total cumulative systemic glucocorticoid dosage, in the year prior and post initiation of therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>56 patients (mean age 71 ± 8.5) were included in the study. 55% had coronary artery disease, 25% had heart failure, 71% had hypertension, 14% had stroke and 30% had diabetes. Biologics significantly reduced annual glucocorticoid dispenses (3.38 ± 2.58 vs. 2.22 ± 2.33, mean reduction 1.16, 95% CI 0.45-1.87, p = 0.002) and cumulative dosage (1073 ± 831 mg vs. 659 ± 723 mg, mean reduction 413.2 mg, 95% CI 180.8-645.6, p = 0.001). There was no strong association between baseline eosinophil count and glucocorticoid utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world cohort of COPD patients with T2 inflammation, the addition of biologic therapies was associated with a significant reduction in systemic glucocorticoid usage, both in terms of dispense frequency and overall total dosage of systemic glucocorticoids. This highlights the potential of biologics to reduce glucocorticoid-related adverse effects in COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}