BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A middle-aged man with dyspnea and hoarseness: an unusual case of vocal cord paralysis.","authors":"Seyedeh Nadia Tabatabaeifar, Mahsa Ahmadpour, Mohammad Javad Fallahi","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03546-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03546-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare and distinct form of Interstitial lung disease predominantly affecting the upper lung zones. It is characterized by fibrotic thickening of the visceral pleura and adjacent subpleural parenchyma. While common complications include spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum, vocal cord paralysis (VCP) or paresis has been increasingly recognized as a potential manifestation in recent reports.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a 49-year-old man presenting with progressive dyspnea, hoarseness, and left-sided vocal cord paralysis. Imaging studies revealed upper lobe-dominant fibrotic changes associated with significant pleural thickening consistent with PPFE. A comprehensive evaluation ruled out secondary causes of PPFE and other potential etiologies of VCP. Despite supportive management, the patient's VCP persisted, likely due to architectural distortion of the lung affecting the recurrent laryngeal nerve pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case adds to the limited but growing body of literature on the association between PPFE and VCP. Understanding this rare complication is crucial for early recognition and appropriate management, as it highlights the diverse clinical manifestations of PPFE and its impact on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11816999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid-lowering drug targets associated with risk of respiratory disease: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Zhipeng Gong, Dongsheng Wu, Yin Ku, Congyao Zou, Lin Qiu, Xiaohu Hao, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03527-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03527-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have identified a possible connection between lipid-lowering medications and respiratory illnesses. However, it remains unclear whether lipid-lowering drugs is causative for respiratory diseases, and we aimed to answer this question.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses by integrating data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Three statistical approaches were employed for MR analysis: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median. The purpose was to evaluate the causal relationships between 10 drug targets that lower lipid levels and the likelihood of developing 7 respiratory diseases. Additional sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness and validity of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for multiple testing, our MR analysis identified APOB (odd ratios [OR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77 to 0.97; P_IVW = 0.01) and PCSK9 (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.97; P_IVW = 0.02) as significant risk targets for asthma. Additionally, LDLR was found to be a significant risk target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.98; P_IVW = 0.03). The sensitivity analysis validated no proof of heterogeneity or pleiotropy amongst the mentioned results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest a likely causal relationship between respiratory diseases and lipid-lowering drug targets. Further mechanistic and clinical research is needed to confirm and validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of a patient with diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Yu-Xuan Feng, Tong-Sheng Wang, Shuai Zhang, Wen-Qing Xu, Min Liu, Yi-Min Mao, Ying Nong","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03544-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03544-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) is a rare pulmonary disorder, which affects the lymphatic channels from the mediastinum to the pleura. DPL is often misdiagnosed or missed due to the lack of clear specificity and definitive medical therapies. In most cases, the disease progresses to chronic morbidity or even death.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here, we have reported a case of DPL in a 17-year-old boy who presented with hemoptysis and progressive breathlessness. The diagnosis was confirmed based on the typical imaging features observed through high-resolution computed tomography, chest magnetic resonance imaging, and lymphangiography. Furthermore, we have presented the genetic characteristics of the patient and his parents and discovered the following heterozygous variants of BCL6: NM_001706: exon5: c. A463G (p.M155V) and ATM: NM_000051: exon3: c.A107G (p.D36G). The patient underwent treatment with sirolimus for 2 months; his clinical symptoms disappeared completely, and the mediastinum soft mass shrank dramatically.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early diagnosis of DPL is challenging for clinicians, and imaging plays an important role in determining the location and severity of the disease. The gene mutation detected in this study may facilitate the pathogenesis of DPL. Sirolimus can prevent further disease progression in the short term, which may be an effective and safe therapeutic alternative for treating DPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary vascular resistance, six minute walk distance, B-type natriuretic peptide, age (PVD-B65) risk score for patients with chronic lung disease and pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Shameek Gayen, Jay Pescatore, Matthew Bittner, Mario Naranjo, Gerard J Criner, Sheila Weaver","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03538-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03538-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) confers increased mortality in patients with chronic lung disease, yet there remains a lack of validated risk assessment tools to prognosticate these patients. We aimed to create a risk assessment tool to stratify patients with chronic lung disease and PH by risk of one-year mortality from time of PH diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic lung disease and PH. We identified predictors of one-year mortality via multivariable Cox regression and assigned point values to the identified predictors based on their hazard ratios to comprise the risk score. Patients were stratified into low, intermediate, and high-risk based on total scores. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis comparing the stratified groups was performed. Internal statistical validation was performed via Cox regression with bootstrapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The identified predictors of one-year mortality that comprised our risk assessment tool were pulmonary fibrosis without emphysema, pulmonary vascular resistance > 5 WU, six-minute walk distance < 150 m, BNP > 200 pg/mL, and age > 65 years (PVD-B65). Once patients were stratified into the three risk groups, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significant differences in one-year survival between the subgroups (logrank p = 0.002). The risk assessment model demonstrated internal validation via bootstrapping (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PVD-B65 risk assessment tool is a novel, internally validated one-year mortality risk calculator for patients with chronic lung disease and PH that encompasses factors related to pulmonary parenchymal and vascular remodeling. It may help risk stratify and guide therapeutic interventions in patients with chronic lung disease and PH.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised machine learning clustering approach for hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients.","authors":"Nuttinan Nalinthasnai, Ratchainant Thammasudjarit, Tanapat Tassaneyasin, Dararat Eksombatchai, Somnuek Sungkanuparph, Viboon Boonsarngsuk, Yuda Sutherasan, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Pongdhep Theerawit, Tananchai Petnak","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03536-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03536-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identification of distinct clinical phenotypes of diseases can guide personalized treatment. This study aimed to classify hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia subgroups using an unsupervised machine learning approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients from July to September 2021. K-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning method, was performed to identify clinical phenotypes based on clinical and laboratory variables collected within 24 hours of admission. Variables were normalized before clustering to ensure equal contribution to the analysis. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the elbow method and Silhouette scores. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the risk of intubation and 90-day mortality across the identified clusters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three clinically distinct clusters were identified among 538 hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Cluster 1 (N = 27) consisted predominantly of males and showed significantly elevated serum liver enzymes and LDH levels. Cluster 2 (N = 370) was characterized by lower chest x-ray scores and higher serum albumin levels. Cluster 3 (N = 141) was characterized by older age, diabetes mellitus, higher chest x-ray scores, more severe vital signs, higher creatinine levels, lower hemoglobin levels, lower lymphocyte counts, higher C-reactive protein, higher D-dimer, and higher LDH levels. When compared to cluster 2, cluster 3 was significantly associated with increased risk of 90-day mortality (HR, 6.24; 95% CI, 2.42-16.09) and intubation (HR, 5.26; 95% CI 2.37-11.72). In contrast, cluster 1 had a 100% survival rate with a non-significant increase in intubation risk compared to cluster 2 (HR, 1.40, 95% CI, 0.18-11.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified three distinct clinical phenotypes of COVID-19 pneumonia patients, with cluster 3 associated with an increased risk of respiratory failure and mortality. These findings may guide tailored clinical management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory abnormalities in sarcoidosis: physiopathology and early diagnosis using oscillometry combined with respiratory modeling.","authors":"Bruno Falcão Oliveira, Caroline Oliveira Ribeiro, Cíntia Moraes de Sá Sousa, Mariana Carneiro Lopes, Agnaldo José Lopes, Pedro Lopes de Melo","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03510-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03510-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic syndrome of uncertain etiology with abnormal respiratory findings in approximately 90% of cases. Spirometry is the most common lung function test used for assessing lung function in diagnosis and monitoring pulmonary health. Respiratory oscillometry allows a simple alternative for the analysis of respiratory abnormalities. Integer-order and fractional-order modeling have increasingly been used to interpret measurements obtained from oscillometry, offering a detailed description of the respiratory system. In this study, we aimed to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological changes in sarcoidosis and assess the diagnostic accuracy of these models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study includes 25 controls and 50 individuals with sarcoidosis divided into normal to spirometry (SNS) and abnormal spirometry (SAS). The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by investigating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The integer-order model showed significant airway and total resistance increases in the SNS and SAS groups. There was a reduction in compliance and an increase in peripheral resistance in the SAS group (p < 0.001). The fractional-order model showed increased energy dissipation and hysteresivity in the SNS and SAS groups. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations among model and spirometric parameters, where the strongest associations were between total resistance and FEV₁ (r: -0.600, p = 0.0001). The diagnostic accuracy analysis showed that total resistance and hysteresivity were the best parameters, reaching an AUC = 0.986 and 0.938 in the SNS and SAS groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The studied models provided a deeper understanding of pulmonary mechanical changes in sarcoidosis. The results suggest that parameters obtained through the studied models enhance evaluation and enable better management of these patients. Specifically, total resistance and hysteresivity parameters demonstrated diagnostic potential, which may be beneficial for the early identification of individuals with sarcoidosis, even when spirometry results are within normal ranges.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerability and efficacy of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease treatment in elderly patients.","authors":"Kyota Shinfuku, Hiromichi Hara, Keitaro Okuda, Hanae Miyagawa, Naoki Takasaka, Takeo Ishikawa, Jun Araya","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03504-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03504-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) is considered to be increasing worldwide. In Japan, the number of elderly MAC-PD patients requiring treatment is also expected to increase due to the aging society. However, reduced organ function in elderly patients makes it often difficult to continue or complete multidrug treatment due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, this study aimed to identify clinical factors associated with treatment tolerability, efficacy, and ADRs in elderly MAC-PD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 102 patients with MAC-PD aged ≥ 75 years between January 2014 and March 2023. Forty-six patients were treated with multidrug regimens (treatment group), and 56 were observed without treatment (observation group). The treatment group was divided into the treatment continuation group (n = 28) who were treated without interruption for ≥ 12 months, and the treatment interruption group (n = 18). A comparative study was conducted in each group to examine tolerability, efficacy, and ADRs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A two-drug regimen of ethambutol (EB) and macrolides without rifampicin (RFP) was associated with treatment continuation (p = 0.026). The treatment continuation group was superior to the observation group regarding symptoms change, sputum conversion rate, and chest computed tomography scores. The most common ADRs were gastrointestinal disorders, which may be related to RFP. Treatment efficacy of the two-drug regimen was non-inferior, and no cases of macrolide resistance were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The two-drug regimen of EB and macrolide without RFP may be a tolerable and effective treatment for elderly MAC-PD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of confirmed difficult pulmonary tuberculosis based on the hybrid capture-based tNGS method.","authors":"Weiqian Chen, Huimin Chen, Ze Liu, Xinle Chi, Yaomeng Chen, Huan Ye, Wenjie Huang, Chenlei Cao, Wei Weng","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03539-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03539-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis can greatly reduce the harm caused by the disease. However, traditional diagnostic methods have various shortcomings in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis. Currently, with the increasing popularity, iteration, and decreasing costs of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing technology, NGS is being more widely applied in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 29-year-old male presented with \"fever accompanied by cough for more than 20 days.\" Multiple chest CT scans revealed progressive enlargement of the right hilar lymph nodes and thickening of the interlobular septa in the right upper lobe. Routine testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, search for tuberculosis bacilli, bacterial and fungal cultures, X-pert MTB/RIF, and multiplex PCR-based targeted Next-generation sequencing (mp-tNGS) results were all inconclusive. Finally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was sent for hybrid capture-based targeted Next-generation sequencing (hc-tNGS) testing, and special staining of the enlarged lymph nodes confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The hc-tNGS has significant value in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in cases that are difficult to detect with other methods. In the future, this could gradually become a routine diagnostic method for pulmonary tuberculosis, enhancing the accuracy of early diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of medical thoracoscopy combined with fibrinolytic therapy in the treatment of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema.","authors":"Feng-Fu Zhan, Mao-Hong Huang, Yan-Ping Du, Yan Chen, Han-Han Chen, Yi-Li Lin, Yi-Yuan Chen, Ling Cai, Xiao-Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03530-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03530-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and feasibility of medical thoracoscopy combined with fibrinolytic therapy for the treatment of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema, with a focus on therapeutic outcomes and recovery duration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 108 patients treated at Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, between January 2015 and May 2024. Patients were categorized into two groups: the medical thoracoscopy group (n = 33) and the traditional treatment group (n = 75). The thoracoscopy group underwent thoracoscopic adhesiolysis and loculation breakdown, followed by intrapleural urokinase administration. The traditional treatment group received pleural catheter drainage combined with urokinase therapy. Primary outcomes included changes in inflammatory markers (white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin), imaging outcomes (resolution of pleural effusion, pulmonary inflammation, and the incidence of pleural thickening at three months), pulmonary function assessed by forced vital capacity (FVC), and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes encompassed the duration of postoperative fever, drainage time, intravenous antibiotic use, complication rates, initial treatment failure, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups demonstrated significant reductions in inflammatory markers post-treatment (P < 0.05). Pleural effusion resolution, pulmonary inflammation reduction, and the incidence of pleural thickening at three months were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05). Improvements in FVC were observed in both groups, with significantly greater gains in the thoracoscopy group (P < 0.05). No in-hospital mortality was reported. Compared to the traditional treatment group, the thoracoscopy group exhibited significantly lower postoperative inflammatory marker levels (P < 0.05), alongside shorter durations of postoperative fever, pleural drainage, intravenous antibiotic use, and hospital stay (all P < 0.05). The thoracoscopy group also had a significantly lower initial treatment failure rate (P < 0.05). Complication rates and hospitalization costs were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medical thoracoscopy combined with fibrinolytic therapy offers significant advantages in the management of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema. This approach effectively enhances inflammation control, improves pulmonary function, and accelerates recovery time without compromising safety or increasing costs, underscoring its potential for broader clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world pharmacovigilance analysis unveils the toxicity profile of amivantamab targeting EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Jing Zhang, Wenjie Li","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03509-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03509-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While clinical trials have demonstrated enduring responses to amivantamab among advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients bearing EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, the associated toxicity profile in real-world scenarios remains elusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pharmacovigilance study analyzed data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to investigate adverse events associated with amivantamab over the period from September 2021 to December 2023. A comprehensive disproportionality analysis was performed, employing the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM), and the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network to calculate information components (ICs), to identify statistically significant adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant proportion of adverse events (AEs) was attributable to injury, poisoning, and procedural complications, cutaneous disorders, respiratory ailments, infections, as well as vascular and lymphatic system disturbances. There were noteworthy incidences of AEs including infusion-related reactions, rash, dyspnea, pneumonitis, paronychia, pulmonary embolism, thrombocytopenia, nausea, acneiform dermatitis, deep vein thrombosis, febrile neutropenia, peripheral edema, hypokalemia, and neutropenia. Furthermore, the majority of AEs occurred within the first month following the initiation of amivantamab treatment, accounting for 51.74% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reversibility of amivantamab-related toxicities suggests its promising utility in patients with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}